Peter J. Embí
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View article: Genome sequencing of 35,024 predominantly African ancestry persons addresses gaps in genomics and healthcare
Genome sequencing of 35,024 predominantly African ancestry persons addresses gaps in genomics and healthcare Open
Genetic variation is crucial in human development, disease susceptibility, and drug response. Despite populations of African descent having the highest degree of genetic variation, genetic research has predominantly focused on populations …
View article: AI-Driven Clinical Decision Support to Reduce Hospital-Acquired Venous Thromboembolism
AI-Driven Clinical Decision Support to Reduce Hospital-Acquired Venous Thromboembolism Open
Importance Hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE) remains a leading cause of preventable death among hospitalized adults in the US. Despite numerous attempts to prognosticate HA-VTE with risk models, no single model has outperfo…
View article: Impact of PREVENT Cardiovascular Risk Equations on Statin Eligibility by Subgroup and Risk Thresholds: A Cross-Sectional Study
Impact of PREVENT Cardiovascular Risk Equations on Statin Eligibility by Subgroup and Risk Thresholds: A Cross-Sectional Study Open
Background Replacing the pooled cohort equations (PCEs) with the Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease EVENTs (PREVENT) equations for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk is projected to reduce statin eligibility, prompt…
View article: Secondary use of radiological imaging data: Vanderbilt’s ImageVU approach
Secondary use of radiological imaging data: Vanderbilt’s ImageVU approach Open
ImageVU demonstrates a scalable and efficient approach for integrating clinical imaging into research workflows. By combining institutional data infrastructure with cloud-based storage and metadata-driven cohort identification, the platfor…
View article: IMpact of PerioperAtive KeTamine on Enhanced Recovery After abdominal Surgery (IMPAKT ERAS): a pragmatic randomised single-cluster trial
IMpact of PerioperAtive KeTamine on Enhanced Recovery After abdominal Surgery (IMPAKT ERAS): a pragmatic randomised single-cluster trial Open
NCT04625283.
View article: Human-centered design of an artificial intelligence monitoring system: the Vanderbilt Algorithmovigilance Monitoring and Operations System
Human-centered design of an artificial intelligence monitoring system: the Vanderbilt Algorithmovigilance Monitoring and Operations System Open
Objectives As the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is rapidly expanding, there is also growing recognition of the need for ongoing monitoring of AI after implementation, called algorithmovigilance. Yet, there remain few sy…
View article: Large Language Models for Rare Disease Diagnosis at the Undiagnosed Diseases Network
Large Language Models for Rare Disease Diagnosis at the Undiagnosed Diseases Network Open
This cohort study assesses whether large language models (LLMs) can identify the final diagnosis, based on available clinical information, for patients referred to the Undiagnosed Diseases Network.
View article: Human-Centered Design of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Monitoring System: The Vanderbilt Algorithmovigilance Monitoring and Operations System (VAMOS)
Human-Centered Design of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Monitoring System: The Vanderbilt Algorithmovigilance Monitoring and Operations System (VAMOS) Open
Background. As the use of AI in healthcare is rapidly expanding, there is also growing recognition of the need for ongoing monitoring of AI after implementation, called algorithmovigilance . Yet, there remain few systems that support syste…
View article: Beyond Model Performance: Information Needs for an Algorithmovigilance Sociotechnical System
Beyond Model Performance: Information Needs for an Algorithmovigilance Sociotechnical System Open
Proactive and ongoing monitoring of AI systems, or algorithmovigilance, is essential for mitigating patient safety risks from AI in healthcare. In this study, we describe the information needs for an AI monitoring and operations system and…
View article: Embracing Generative Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Research and Beyond
Embracing Generative Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Research and Beyond Open
To explore threats and opportunities and to chart a path for safely navigating the rapid changes that generative artificial intelligence (AI) will bring to clinical research, the Duke Clinical Research Institute convened a multidisciplinar…
View article: Large language models improve the identification of emergency department visits for symptomatic kidney stones
Large language models improve the identification of emergency department visits for symptomatic kidney stones Open
View article: Methods to Adjust for Confounding in Test-Negative Design COVID-19 Effectiveness Studies: Simulation Study
Methods to Adjust for Confounding in Test-Negative Design COVID-19 Effectiveness Studies: Simulation Study Open
Background Real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are investigating exposures of increasing complexity accounting for time since vaccination. These studies require methods that adjust for the confounding that arises when mo…
View article: Secondary Use of Radiological Imaging Data: Vanderbilt's Imagevu Approach
Secondary Use of Radiological Imaging Data: Vanderbilt's Imagevu Approach Open
View article: Effectiveness of the Original Monovalent and Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters in Pregnant Persons Who Were Not Immunocompromised: VISION Network, June 2022–August 2023
Effectiveness of the Original Monovalent and Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters in Pregnant Persons Who Were Not Immunocompromised: VISION Network, June 2022–August 2023 Open
Pregnant people face increased risk of severe COVID-19. Current guidelines recommend updated COVID-19 vaccination (2023–2024) for those aged ≥6 months, irrespective of pregnancy status. To refine recommendations for pregnant people, furthe…
View article: Large Language Models Improve the Identification of Emergency Department Visits for Symptomatic Kidney Stones
Large Language Models Improve the Identification of Emergency Department Visits for Symptomatic Kidney Stones Open
Background Recent advancements of large language models (LLMs) like Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) have generated significant interest among the scientific community. Yet, the potential of these models to be utilized in clini…
View article: Clinical Research Informatics: a Decade-in-Review
Clinical Research Informatics: a Decade-in-Review Open
Summary Background: Clinical Research Informatics (CRI) is a subspeciality of biomedical informatics that has substantially matured during the last decade. Advances in CRI have transformed the way clinical research is conducted. In recent …
View article: Risk of COVID‐19 Hospitalization and Protection Associated With mRNA Vaccination Among US Adults With Psychiatric Disorders
Risk of COVID‐19 Hospitalization and Protection Associated With mRNA Vaccination Among US Adults With Psychiatric Disorders Open
Background Although psychiatric disorders have been associated with reduced immune responses to other vaccines, it remains unknown whether they influence COVID‐19 vaccine effectiveness (VE). This study evaluated risk of COVID‐19 hospitaliz…
View article: Sustainable deployment of clinical prediction tools—a 360° approach to model maintenance
Sustainable deployment of clinical prediction tools—a 360° approach to model maintenance Open
Background As the enthusiasm for integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical care grows, so has our understanding of the challenges associated with deploying impactful and sustainable clinical AI models. Complex dataset shifts r…
View article: Effect of a Co-Located Bridging Recovery Initiative on Hospital Length of Stay Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
Effect of a Co-Located Bridging Recovery Initiative on Hospital Length of Stay Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Open
Importance Co-located bridge clinics aim to facilitate a timely transition to outpatient care for inpatients with opioid use disorder (OUD); however, their effect on hospital length of stay (LOS) and postdischarge outcomes remains unclear.…
View article: Leveraging generative AI to prioritize drug repurposing candidates for Alzheimer’s disease with real-world clinical validation
Leveraging generative AI to prioritize drug repurposing candidates for Alzheimer’s disease with real-world clinical validation Open
Drug repurposing represents an attractive alternative to the costly and time-consuming process of new drug development, particularly for serious, widespread conditions with limited effective treatments, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Em…
View article: Improving reporting standards for phenotyping algorithm in biomedical research: 5 fundamental dimensions
Improving reporting standards for phenotyping algorithm in biomedical research: 5 fundamental dimensions Open
Introduction Phenotyping algorithms enable the interpretation of complex health data and definition of clinically relevant phenotypes; they have become crucial in biomedical research. However, the lack of standardization and transparency i…
View article: Privacy‐preserving record linkage across disparate institutions and datasets to enable a learning health system: The national <scp>COVID</scp> cohort collaborative (<scp>N3C</scp>) experience
Privacy‐preserving record linkage across disparate institutions and datasets to enable a learning health system: The national <span>COVID</span> cohort collaborative (<span>N3C</span>) experience Open
Introduction Research driven by real‐world clinical data is increasingly vital to enabling learning health systems, but integrating such data from across disparate health systems is challenging. As part of the NCATS National COVID Cohort C…
View article: Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A–Associated Emergency Department, Urgent Care, and Hospitalization Encounters Among US Adults, 2022–2023
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A–Associated Emergency Department, Urgent Care, and Hospitalization Encounters Among US Adults, 2022–2023 Open
Background The 2022–2023 United States influenza season had unusually early influenza activity with high hospitalization rates. Vaccine-matched A(H3N2) viruses predominated, with lower levels of A(H1N1)pdm09 activity also observed. Methods…
View article: 2365. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Medically Attended COVID-19 in Pregnant Persons Within the VISION Network, December 2021 - April 2023
2365. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Medically Attended COVID-19 in Pregnant Persons Within the VISION Network, December 2021 - April 2023 Open
Background Pregnant people have an increased risk of severe COVID-19, including hospitalization and critical illness. Currently, pregnant people are recommended to receive the same vaccinations as non-pregnant people of the same age and un…
View article: Impact of accounting for correlation between COVID-19 and influenza vaccination in a COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness evaluation using a test-negative design
Impact of accounting for correlation between COVID-19 and influenza vaccination in a COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness evaluation using a test-negative design Open
View article: Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Influenza-A–Associated Urgent Care, Emergency Department, and Hospital Encounters During the 2022–2023 Season: VISION Network
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Influenza-A–Associated Urgent Care, Emergency Department, and Hospital Encounters During the 2022–2023 Season: VISION Network Open
Background During the 2022–2023 influenza season, the United States experienced the highest influenza-associated pediatric hospitalization rate since 2010–2011. Influenza A/H3N2 infections were predominant. Methods We analyzed acute respir…
View article: Cefepime vs Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Adults Hospitalized With Acute Infection
Cefepime vs Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Adults Hospitalized With Acute Infection Open
Importance Cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam are commonly administered to hospitalized adults for empirical treatment of infection. Although piperacillin-tazobactam has been hypothesized to cause acute kidney injury and cefepime has bee…
View article: Differences in Health Professionals’ Engagement With Electronic Health Records Based on Inpatient Race and Ethnicity
Differences in Health Professionals’ Engagement With Electronic Health Records Based on Inpatient Race and Ethnicity Open
Importance US health professionals devote a large amount of effort to engaging with patients’ electronic health records (EHRs) to deliver care. It is unknown whether patients with different racial and ethnic backgrounds receive equal EHR e…
View article: Effectiveness of the Original Monovalent Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines in Preventing Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Adults With Disabilities: VISION Network, June 2021-September 2022
Effectiveness of the Original Monovalent Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines in Preventing Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Adults With Disabilities: VISION Network, June 2021-September 2022 Open
Adults with disabilities are at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Using data across 9 states during Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods (June 2021–September 2022), we evaluated the effectiveness of the origi…
View article: Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Critical Outcomes Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19—VISION Network, 10 States, June 2021–March 2023
Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Critical Outcomes Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19—VISION Network, 10 States, June 2021–March 2023 Open
Background The epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to develop with emerging variants, expanding population-level immunity, and advances in clinical care. We describe changes in the clinical epidemiology of COVID-1…