Explanipedia

A Scalable Edge Computing Solution for Real-Time Process Monitoring and Optimization in Industrial IoT Open

Magnus Wahlgård, Peter Krajnik, Johan Stahre · 2025

Innovating Blended Learning Model for Professional Education in Manufacturing Open

Peter Krajnik, Philipp Hoier, S. Laakso · 2025

Advancements in technology and the increasing prevalence of digitalization in industry require a new approach to professional education. The primary objective is to enhance the skills of working professionals, ensure content is relevant to…

Effect of Lubricated Liquid Carbon Dioxide (LCO2 + MQL) on Grinding of AISI 4140 Steel Open

D. Santhosh, Philipp Hoier, Franci Pušavec, Peter Krajnik · 2024

This paper investigates the potential of utilizing lubricated liquid carbon dioxide (LCO2 + MQL) as an alternative to conventional flood cooling in grinding operations. This approach could facilitate a transition towards fossil-free produc…

Optimization of industrial grinding processes using the Theory of Aggressiveness: case studies from real-world manufacturing Open

Peter Krajnik, Radovan Dražumerič, Jeffrey Badger · 2024

In the first 60 years of grinding research (1914–1974), various dimensionless parameters were introduced to account for the fundamental mechanics of an abrasive contact. Later, these parameters were superseded by various chip-thickness mod…

Effect of lubricated CO2 on grinding of AISI 4140 steel Open

D. Santhosh, Philipp Hoier, Franci Pušavec, Peter Krajnik · 2024

This paper explores the potential of using lubricated liquid carbon dioxide (LCO₂) in grinding processes. Cooling and lubrication are critical in grinding, with conventional flood cooling effectively reducing temperatures and im…

Advances in modeling of fixed-abrasive processes Open

Peter Krajnik, Konrad Wegener, Thomas Bergs, Albert J. Shih · 2024

Research over the last 70 years has led to a better understanding of fixed-abrasive machining processes. This knowledge is often expressed in the form of physical and empirical models that cover forces, power, specific energy, wheel/workpi…

An investigation into the grindability of additively manufactured 42CrMo4 steel Open

Philipp Hoier, D. Santhosh, Eduard Hryha, Peter Krajnik · 2024

This study investigates post-processing of additively manufactured (AM) low-alloy 42CrMo4 steel (AISI 4140) produced by powder bed fusion – laser beam (PBF-LB). While the PBF-LB process produces tempered martensite by in-situ heat-treatmen…

Grinding of Cemented Carbide Using a Vitrified Diamond Pin and Lubricated Liquid Carbon Dioxide Open

D. Santhosh, Franci Pušavec, Peter Krajnik · 2023

Despite extensive research on grinding of cemented carbide, few studies have examined abrasive machining of this material using small-diameter super abrasive tools (also known as grinding pins/points), especially with respect to varying co…

On mechanics and monitoring of plunge-roll rotary dressing of grinding wheels Open

Jeffrey Badger, Philipp Hoier, Stefano Vindemmio, Francesco Nigro, Radovan Dražumerič , et al. · 2023

A study is made into the mechanics and monitoring of rotary plunge-roll dressing of grinding wheels using a roll with multi-layer diamonds contained in a hybrid, metal-ceramic bond. A fundamental relationship is obtained between grinding/d…

The effects of grit properties and dressing on grinding mechanics and wheel performance: Analytical assessment framework Open

Nastja Macerol, Luiz Franca, Radovan Dražumerič, Peter Krajnik · 2022

This paper introduces an analytical assessment framework for evaluating grinding wheel performance derived from the model of cutting and sliding grinding force components. Four new parameters are proposed based on wheel topography. These p…

Post-processing of additively manufactured metallic alloys – A review Open

Amir Malakizadi, Dinesh Mallipeddi, Sasan Dadbakhsh, Rachid M’Saoubi, Peter Krajnik · 2022

Comparison of machining performance of stainless steel 316L produced by selective laser melting and electron beam melting Open

Seyed Hosseini, Dinesh Mallipeddi, Jonas Holmberg, Lars‐Erik Rännar, Andrey Koptyug , et al. · 2022

Powder bed fusion based additively manufactured SS 316L components fall short of surface integrity requirements needed for optimal functional performance. Hence, machining is required to achieve dimensional accuracy and to enhance surface …

A lapping-based test method to investigate wear behaviour of bonded-abrasive tools Open

Nastja Macerol, Luiz Franca, Helmi Attia, Peter Krajnik · 2022

Grinding-wheel wear is a critical factor affecting grinding performance and tool cost. Unfortunately, wear tests – particularly with superabrasives – can be notoriously time-consuming. Therefore, a novel lapping-based method is proposed fo…

Investigation of the surface integrity of mechano-chemically finished powder metallurgy gears Open

Dinesh Mallipeddi, Elias Forssbeck Nyrot, Martin Otto Lavér Hansen, Tommy Brandt, Viktor Petterson , et al. · 2022

Automotive gears are facing stringent requirements regarding weight and functional surfaces, especially in view of the electric powertrain. To achieve these demands, powder metallurgy gears need to be finished using grinding, and in certai…

Mechanics of self-rotating double-disc grinding process Open

Radovan Dražumerič, Jeffrey Badger, Tomas Gustavsson, Peter Krajnik · 2022

Unlike most double-disc grinding processes, which use forced workpiece rotation, some double-disc processes rely on workpiece self-rotation driven by non-uniform shear forces resulting from partial wheel-workpiece coverage. This self-rotat…

Influence of batch-to-batch material variations on grindability of a medium‑carbon steel Open

Philipp Hoier, Bahman Azarhoushang, Per Lundin, Amir Malakizadi, Jeffrey Badger , et al. · 2021

This study addresses the influence of material variations on the grindability of crankshaft steel. Most previous studies on the effect of material microstructure on grindability involve comparisons of significantly different steel grades. …

The role of microstructural characteristics of additively manufactured Alloy 718 on tool wear in machining Open

Amir Malakizadi, Tina Hajali, Fiona Schulz, Stefan Cedergren, Joakim Ålgårdh , et al. · 2021

This study aims to provide a fundamental understanding of the role of microstructural characteristics influencing tool wear when machining Alloy 718 fabricated using Powder Bed Fusion (PBF). The effects of preferred crystallographic orient…

Evaluation of subcooled MQL in cBN hard turning of powder-based Cr-Mo-V tool steel using simulations and experiments Open

S. Laakso, Dinesh Mallipeddi, Peter Krajnik · 2021

Metal cutting fluids for improved cooling and lubrication are an environmental risk and a health risk for workers. Minimizing water consumption in industry is also a goal for a more sustainable production. Therefore, metal cutting emulsion…

The role of specific energy in micro-grinding of titanium alloy Open

Mohammadali Kadivar, Bahman Azarhoushang, Uta Klement, Peter Krajnik · 2021

Evaluation of Subcooled MQL in cBN Hard Turning of powder-based Cr-Mo-V Tool Steel Using Simulations and Experiments Open

S. Laakso, Dinesh Mallipeddi, Peter Krajnik · 2021

Metal cutting fluids for improved cooling and lubrication are an environmental risk and a health risk for workers. Minimizing water consumption in industry is also a goal for a more sustainable production. Therefore, metal cutting emulsion…

Verification of electric steel punching simulation results using microhardness Open

S. Laakso, Uğur Aydın, Peter Krajnik · 2021

One of the most dominant manufacturing methods in the production of electromechanical devices from sheet metal is punching. In punching, the material undergoes plastic deformation and finally fracture. Punching of an electrical steel sheet…

The effects of liquid-CO2 cooling, MQL and cutting parameters on drilling performance Open

Luka Sterle, Peter Krajnik, Franci Pušavec · 2021

An investigation is made into the effects of liquid carbon dioxide (LCO2) cooling, minimum-quantity lubrication (MQL) and cutting speed in drilling. Experimental measurements of torque, thrust force and temperature are made over a wide ran…

Grinding and fine finishing of future automotive powertrain components Open

Peter Krajnik, Fukuo Hashimoto, Bernhard Karpuschewski, Eraldo Jannone da Silva, Dragoş Axinte · 2021

The automotive industry is undergoing a major transformation driven by regulations and a fast-paced electrification. A critical analysis of technological trends and associated requirements for major automotive powertrain components is carr…

Application of the dimensionless Aggressiveness number in abrasive processes Open

Jeffrey Badger, Radovan Dražumerič, Peter Krajnik · 2021

The chip thickness is often used to characterize abrasive processes, particularly grinding. Unfortunately, because of the seemingly random nature of the geometrically undefined cutting points and difficulty in estimating the cutting-point …

On assessing grindability of recycled and ore-based crankshaft steel: an approach combining data analysis with material science Open

Philipp Hoier, Peter Hammersberg, Uta Klement, Peter Krajnik · 2021

Material-related grindability variations when grinding recycled and ore-based steel can significantly impair the process efficiency during finishing of automotive crankshafts. To address this problem and to achieve more robust grinding pro…

Modeling of micro-grinding forces considering dressing parameters and tool deflection Open

Mohammadali Kadivar, Bahman Azarhoushang, Peter Krajnik · 2020

The prediction of cutting forces is critical for the control and optimization of machining processes. This paper is concerned with developing prediction model for cutting forces in micro-grinding. The approach is based on the probabilistic…

On geometry and kinematics of abrasive processes: The theory of aggressiveness Open

Radovan Dražumerič, Jeffrey Badger, Roope Roininen, Peter Krajnik · 2020

Due to the stochastic nature of the abrasive-tool topography, abrasive processes are difficult to model and quantify. In contrast, their macro geometry and kinematics are usually well defined and straightforwardly controlled on machine too…

Surface integrity in micro-grinding of Ti6Al4V considering the specific micro-grinding energy Open

Mohammadali Kadivar, Bahman Azarhoushang, Amir Daneshi, Peter Krajnik · 2020

Surface Integrity of Machined Electron Beam Melted Ti6Al4V Alloy Manufactured with Different Contour Settings and Heat Treatment Open

Dinesh Mallipeddi, Tina Hajali, L‐E. Rännar, Anna Bergström, S. Hernandez , et al. · 2020

Physics-based approach for predicting dissolution‒diffusion tool wear in machining Open

Amir Malakizadi, Bin Shi, Philipp Hoier, Helmi Attia, Peter Krajnik · 2020

A new approach is proposed to predict the thermally-activated dissolution-diffusion wear of carbide tools. Departing from the iterative procedure used for such nonlinear processes, a direct response surface approach that correlates the cut…

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