Explanipedia

OntONeo: The Obstetric and Neonatal Ontology Open

Franco Farinelli, Maurício Barcellos Almeida, Peter L. Elkin, Barry Smith · 2025

Electronic health records (EHRs) serve as repositories of documented data collected in a health care encounter. An EHR records information about who receives, who provides the health care and about the place where the encounter happens. We…

FURIN Stimulates NOTCH2 and NOTCH3 Pathways Leading to Return of Function in Aged Muscle Cells Open

Peter L. Elkin, Jiaxing Liu, J. W. Wheeler, Thomas M. Suchyna, Wilma A. Hofmann · 2025

Background People have been looking for the basic genetic mechanism of aging for as long as we have known about molecular biology. Here we present a study where we were able to identify the root cause of aging and by stimulating the Notch2…

Semantic Relations: Extending SNOMED CT and Solor Open

Melissa Resnick, James M. Hitt, Wilmon McCray, Kendria Hall, Frank LeHouillier , et al. · 2025

Terminologies, such as Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) and Solor, assist with knowledge representation and management, data integration, and triggering clinical decision support (CDS) rules. Semantic relati…

The Semantic Clinical Artificial Intelligence (SCAI) Chatbot: Preliminary Usability Testing Open

Melissa Resnick, A. P. Elkin, Shmuel Tiosano, Ross Koppel, Gillian Franklin , et al. · 2025

We developed a doctor-facing chatbot named SCAI. We aimed to evaluate response speed and user satisfaction. Ten questions were used to test the response speed of the SCAI chatbot. The response time was long, but overall the participants we…

Semantic Clinical Artificial Intelligence (SCAI) Usability Testing Open

Robert Stephens, Gillian Franklin, K. Taylor, Kaity Tung, В. В. Ільченко , et al. · 2025

We evaluated the performance of Semantic Clinical Artificial Intelligence (SCAI, pronounced Sky), a large language model (LLM) knowledge resource through usability testing. This pretest-intervention-posttest mixed-methods user interface (U…

Retrieval Augmented Generation: What Works and Lessons Learned Open

Peter L. Elkin, Gaurang Mehta, Frank LeHouillier, Ross Koppel, Aaron N. Elkin , et al. · 2025

Retrieval Augmented Generation has been shown to improve the output of large language models (LLMs) by providing context to the question or scenario posed to the model. We have tried a series of experiments to understand how best to improv…

Semantic Clinical Artificial Intelligence vs Native Large Language Model Performance on the USMLE Open

Peter L. Elkin, G.K. Mehta, Frank LeHouillier, Melissa Resnick, Sarah Mullin , et al. · 2025

Importance Large language models (LLMs) are being implemented in health care. Enhanced accuracy and methods to maintain accuracy over time are needed to maximize LLM benefits. Objective To evaluate whether LLM performance on the US Medical…

Surveying the Efficacy of an Open Access Biomedical Informatics Boot Camp Open

Skyler Resendez, Gillian Franklin, Crystal Tomlin, Rachel Stephens, Heather Maness , et al. · 2025

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a biomedical informatics boot camp with regard to improving the skill sets of its participants. The University at Buffalo hosts a free, virtual biomedical informatics boot camp annually. Lectures …

Environment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science Open

Betina Idnay, Zihan Xu, William G. Adams, Mohammad Adibuzzaman, Nicholas R. Anderson , et al. · 2025

Data science and artificial intelligence in biology, health, and healthcare Open

Peter L. Elkin, Christopher J. Lindsell, Julio C. Facelli, Manisha Desai, Chunhua Weng , et al. · 2025

Environment Scan of Generative AI Infrastructure for Clinical and Translational Science Open

Betina Idnay, Zihan Xu, William G. Adams, Mohammad Adibuzzaman, Nicholas R. Anderson , et al. · 2024

This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the Clinical and Translational Science Awa…

Incidence, Timing and Social Correlates of the Development of Opioid Use Disorder Among Clients Seeking Treatment for an Alcohol Use Problem: Changes Over the Three Waves of the Opioid Epidemic Open

Zackary Falls, Xueqing Zhang, Peter L. Elkin, David M. Jacobs, Edward M. Bednarczyk , et al. · 2024

These findings provide a useful estimate of the incidence and the expected time frame of an opioid use disorder in clients with an alcohol use problem. Moreover, it suggests that as the opioid epidemic progressed, OUD/OD developed more rap…

High-risk use of prescription opioids among patients treated for alcohol problems in New York State. A repeated cross-sectional study, 2005–2018 Open

Tzu‐Yin Kuo, Chi‐Hua Lu, Zackary Falls, Gail Jette, Walter Gibson , et al. · 2024

Analyzing the Efficacy of an Open Access Biomedical Informatics Boot Camp Open

Skyler Resendez, Gillian Franklin, Rachel Stephens, Heather Maness, Srikar Chamala , et al. · 2024

Each summer, the University at Buffalo hosts a free, virtual biomedical informatics (BMI) boot camp. Lectures covering various subject matter areas are offered including, but not limited to: machine learning, natural language processing, p…

The Effect of Antidepressants on Withdrawal in Patients with Alcohol Dependence: A Retrospective Study Open

Crystal Tomlin, Muhammad Piracha, Rachel Stephens, Shmuel Tiosano, Prahalad Rangan , et al. · 2024

The use of electronic health records has expanded in the past decades, with healthcare entities storing terabytes of patient health data. In this study, we investigated how these databases can be utilized to generate clinically relevant in…

The Sociodemographic Biases in Machine Learning Algorithms: A Biomedical Informatics Perspective Open

Gillian Franklin, Rachel Stephens, Muhammad Piracha, Shmuel Tiosano, Frank LeHouillier , et al. · 2024

Artificial intelligence models represented in machine learning algorithms are promising tools for risk assessment used to guide clinical and other health care decisions. Machine learning algorithms, however, may house biases that propagate…

The implications of APOBEC3-mediated C-to-U RNA editing for human disease Open

Melissa Van Norden, Zackary Falls, Sapan Mandloi, Brahm H. Segal, Bora E. Baysal , et al. · 2024

Intra-organism biodiversity is thought to arise from epigenetic modification of constituent genes and post-translational modifications of translated proteins. Here, we show that post-transcriptional modifications, like RNA editing, may als…

Editorial Open

Peter L. Elkin · 2024

211 A Machine Learning Approach to Reduce Disparities in Compliance with Public Health Interventions Open

Gillian Franklin, Peter L. Elkin, Syed A. Rahman, Brian L. Benson, Xiamara Brooks , et al. · 2024

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To establish the root causes of vaccine hesitancy in populations who have less equitable access to health and healthcare services, and experience healthcare inequities, related to the environmental and social determinants…

Defining the Subtypes of Long COVID and Risk Factors for Prolonged Disease: Population-Based Case-Crossover Study Open

Skyler Resendez, Steven H. Brown, Hugo Sebastian Ruiz Ayala, Prahalad Rangan, Jonathan R. Nebeker , et al. · 2024

Background There have been over 772 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide. A significant portion of these infections will lead to long COVID (post–COVID-19 condition) and its attendant morbidities and costs. Numerous life-altering …

Improving Prediction of Survival for Extremely Premature Infants Born at 23 to 29 Weeks Gestational Age in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Development and Evaluation of Machine Learning Models Open

Angie Li, Sarah Mullin, Peter L. Elkin · 2024

Background Infants born at extremely preterm gestational ages are typically admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after initial resuscitation. The subsequent hospital course can be highly variable, and despite counseling aide…

ACORN SDOH survey: Terminological representation for use with NLP and CDS Open

Melissa Resnick, Diane Montella, Steven H. Brown, Peter L. Elkin · 2024

Objective: Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) greatly influence health outcomes. SDOH surveys, such as the Assessing Circumstances & Offering Resources for Needs (ACORN) survey, have been developed to screen for SDOH in Veterans. The pur…

Structural Ly6e Sars-Cov-2 Inhibiting Mechanisms Open

William Hibbard, Zackary Falls, Peter L. Elkin · 2024

Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, and Naloxone Levels in Adulterated Urine Samples: Can They be Detected When Buprenorphine/Naloxone Film is Dipped into Urine or Water? Open

Hiroko Furo, Marisa Whitted, Tony Lin, Yi Zhou, Sarah Abdelsayed , et al. · 2024

Reportedly, various urine manipulations can be performed by opioid use disorder (OUD) patients who are on buprenorphine/naloxone medications to disguise their non-compliance to the treatment. One type of manipulation is known as “spiking” …

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Towards Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccine and Trusted Information Sources Vary Among Underserved Communities: A Qualitative Study Open

Gillian Franklin, Syed A. Rahman, Rolanda L. Ward, Peter L. Elkin, Gene D. Morse · 2024

The Role of C-to-U RNA Editing in Human Biodiversity and Disease Open

Peter L. Elkin, Melissa Van Norden, Zackary Falls, Sapan Mandloi, Brahm H. Segal , et al. · 2023

Intra-organism biodiversity is thought to arise from epigenetic modification of our constituent genes and post-translational modifications after mRNA is translated into proteins. We have found that post-transcriptional modification, also k…

The Role of C-to-U RNA Editing in Human Biodiversity Open

Melissa Van Norden, Zackary Falls, Sapan Mandloi, Brahm H. Segal, Bora E. Baysal , et al. · 2023

Intra-organism biodiversity is thought to arise from epigenetic modification of our constituent genes and post-translational modifications after mRNA is translated into proteins. We have found that post-transcriptional modification, also k…

A cohort of patients in New York State with an alcohol use disorder and subsequent treatment information – A merging of two administrative data sources Open

Chi‐Hua Lu, Gail Jette, Zackary Falls, David M. Jacobs, Walter Gibson , et al. · 2023

Differential Perceptions of What Constitutes a Medical Error Associated with Electronic Medical Records Open

Ross Koppel, Craig Kuziemsky, Peter L. Elkin, Helen Monkman, Blake Lesselroth , et al. · 2023

Perceptions of errors associated with healthcare information technology (HIT) often depend on the context and position of the viewer. HIT vendors posit very different causes of errors than clinicians, implementation teams, or IT staff. Eve…

Defining the Subtypes of Long COVID and Risk Factors for Prolonged Disease: Population-Based Case-Crossover Study (Preprint) Open

Skyler Resendez, Steven H. Brown, Hugo Sebastian Ruiz Ayala, Prahalad Rangan, Jonathan R. Nebeker , et al. · 2023

BACKGROUND There have been over 772 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide. A significant portion of these infections will lead to long COVID (post–COVID-19 condition) and its attendant morbidities and costs. Numerous life-altering…

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