Jay Pratt
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View article: Trauma-predictive brain network connectivity adaptively responds to mild acute stress
Trauma-predictive brain network connectivity adaptively responds to mild acute stress Open
Past traumatic experiences shape neural responses to future stress, but the mechanisms underlying this dynamic interaction remain unclear. Here, we assessed how trauma-related brain networks respond to current acute stress in real time. Us…
View article: The fate of visual working memory items after their job is done
The fate of visual working memory items after their job is done Open
Visual working memory is a competitive, capacity-limited system for the storage of feature and object-based information. In change-detection tasks, items are encoded into memory and, after a retention period, are compared against a test se…
View article: Positive affect amplifies integration within episodic memories in the laboratory and the real world
Positive affect amplifies integration within episodic memories in the laboratory and the real world Open
Emotional events hold a privileged place in our memories, differing in accuracy and structure from memories for neutral experiences. Although much work has focused on the pronounced differences in memory for negative experiences, there is …
View article: Examining the role of action-driven attention in ensemble processing
Examining the role of action-driven attention in ensemble processing Open
Ensemble processing allows the visual system to condense visual information into useful summary statistics (e.g., average size), thereby overcoming capacity limitations to visual working memory and attention. To examine the role of attenti…
View article: The power of digital audio in interactive instruction: An unexploited medium
The power of digital audio in interactive instruction: An unexploited medium Open
Widespread use of audio in computer-based training (CBT) occurred with the advent of the interactive videodisc technology. This paper discusses the alternative of digital audio, which, unlike videodisc audio, enables one to rapidly revise …
View article: Tracking the Time-Course of Attentional Sharpening using EEG
Tracking the Time-Course of Attentional Sharpening using EEG Open
Attentional templates are optimally tuned according to the expected similarity between targets and non-targets. However, our current understanding of the underlying mechanisms that support such tuning is limited. We thus used EEG to track …
View article: Enhancement and suppression of category exemplars
Enhancement and suppression of category exemplars Open
Object categories are believed to be organized hierarchically, such that a category’s typical exemplars form the basis of categorical attentional templates that determine how attention is deployed. We ask how encountering category members …
View article: The Role of Object Stability in the Allocation of Attention
The Role of Object Stability in the Allocation of Attention Open
Every day, our visual attention needs to be allocated across the diverse and complex scenes we encounter. Previous research demonstrated that various physical features that make up the objects in the visual field (e.g., colour, size, shape…
View article: When Summary Statistics Clash: Competing summary statistics modulate the attentional prioritization of ensemble representations
When Summary Statistics Clash: Competing summary statistics modulate the attentional prioritization of ensemble representations Open
Ensemble processing allows the visual system to condense visual information into useful summary statistics (e.g., the average size of a group of objects). We investigated whether such representations receive priority in the attentional sys…
View article: Delayed onsets are not necessary for generating distractor quitting thresholds effects in visual search
Delayed onsets are not necessary for generating distractor quitting thresholds effects in visual search Open
Salient distractors lower quitting thresholds in visual search. That is, when searching for the presence of a target among filler items, a large heterogeneously coloured distractor presented at a delayed onset produces quick target-absent …
View article: How do drivers allocate visual attention to vulnerable road users when turning at urban intersections?
How do drivers allocate visual attention to vulnerable road users when turning at urban intersections? Open
Introduction: Drivers turning at urban intersections pose a high risk to Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs), such as cyclists and pedestrians. In vehicle collisions with VRUs, driver attention misallocation is considered a leading contributor. W…
View article: Examining a Hybrid Account of Salience-Based Amplification during Perceptual Average Judgments
Examining a Hybrid Account of Salience-Based Amplification during Perceptual Average Judgments Open
Exhaustive sampling models of perceptual averaging contend that individuals process all items within object ensembles when extracting mean feature information (e.g., mean size) rather than just a subset of items. Such models stand at odds,…
View article: Examining the effect of regularity learning on object-substitution masking
Examining the effect of regularity learning on object-substitution masking Open
The recurrent processing theory proposes that cortical feedback mechanisms serve to match perceptual hypotheses with incoming visual information. Behaviorally, this recurrent processing can be studied using object-substitution masking (OSM…
View article: Does attention prioritize task relevant features in ensemble processing?
Does attention prioritize task relevant features in ensemble processing? Open
Ensemble processing allows the visual system to condense visual information into useful summary statistics (e.g., average size), thereby overcoming capacity limitations to visual processing. Here we explored a novel dissociation between ta…
View article: Meaningful information influences inhibition of return
Meaningful information influences inhibition of return Open
Inhibition of return (IOR) is the mechanism that is thought to bias attention away from previously attended stimuli and towards novel stimuli. This inhibitory mechanism makes sense in a foraging context, in which it would be beneficial for…
View article: Separating activation and suppression of categorical exemplars
Separating activation and suppression of categorical exemplars Open
When performing categorical visual search (e.g., find the bird), we must generate a search template based on our memory representation of that specific category. However, it is unclear the flexibility of category representations, particula…