Peter Vuillermin
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View article: A Composite Epigenetic Biomarker of <i>FOXP3</i> / <i>TIGIT</i> Correlates With Regulatory T Cell Numbers in Cord Blood and Is Associated With Subsequent Food Allergy
A Composite Epigenetic Biomarker of <i>FOXP3</i> / <i>TIGIT</i> Correlates With Regulatory T Cell Numbers in Cord Blood and Is Associated With Subsequent Food Allergy Open
Background Flow cytometry studies have reported an association between lower regulatory T cells (Treg) in cord blood and subsequent food allergy. Flow cytometry, however, is a resource‐intensive technique. We therefore aimed to develop an …
View article: Maternal prenatal urinary metabolites associate with infant food allergy
Maternal prenatal urinary metabolites associate with infant food allergy Open
Background Interplay between the maternal diet and gut microbiome may impact fetal immune development and allergic disease risk. This study investigated associations between maternal prenatal urinary metabolites and infant food allergy and…
View article: Addressing the Increasing Rate of Caesarean Sections in an Australian Healthcare System: A Systems Science Approach to Identify Stakeholder Perspectives
Addressing the Increasing Rate of Caesarean Sections in an Australian Healthcare System: A Systems Science Approach to Identify Stakeholder Perspectives Open
Caesarean section (CS) rates are increasing globally. We aimed to understand stakeholders' perspectives on factors driving CS in pregnancy care to inform areas for intervention. Stakeholders from five health services participated in three …
View article: Longitudinal Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study in Young Children With Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes Followed in the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) At-Risk Cohort Study
Longitudinal Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study in Young Children With Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes Followed in the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) At-Risk Cohort Study Open
OBJECTIVE To characterize longitudinal continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data in young children with presymptomatic type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Between 2021 and 2024, children in the Australian ENDIA study with persisten…
View article: Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes are associated with multiple alterations in the vaginal microbiome
Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes are associated with multiple alterations in the vaginal microbiome Open
Aims/hypothesis The vaginal microbiome has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, which are markedly increased in women with type 1 diabetes. To investigate this relationship, we profiled the vaginal microbiome in pregnant women with a…
View article: 579. SOCIOECONOMIC ADVERSITY, MATERNAL NUTRITION, AND THE PRENATAL PROGRAMMING OF CHILD COGNITION AND LANGUAGE AT TWO YEARS OF AGE THROUGH MATERNAL INFLAMMATION
579. SOCIOECONOMIC ADVERSITY, MATERNAL NUTRITION, AND THE PRENATAL PROGRAMMING OF CHILD COGNITION AND LANGUAGE AT TWO YEARS OF AGE THROUGH MATERNAL INFLAMMATION Open
Background The adverse effect of socioeconomic adversity on offspring cognition may be mediated through elevated prenatal maternal inflammation, but the role of modifiable antecedents such as nutrition has not been clarified. Aims & Object…
View article: Neonatal Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin Vaccination Decreases Eczema Incidence at 5 years: The <scp>MIS BAIR</scp> Randomised Controlled Trial
Neonatal Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin Vaccination Decreases Eczema Incidence at 5 years: The <span>MIS BAIR</span> Randomised Controlled Trial Open
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View article: Prenatal Environmental Determinants of Aromatase Brain-Promoter Methylation in Cord Blood: Chemical, Airborne, Pharmacological, and Nutritional Factors
Prenatal Environmental Determinants of Aromatase Brain-Promoter Methylation in Cord Blood: Chemical, Airborne, Pharmacological, and Nutritional Factors Open
Aromatase, an enzyme encoded by the gene CYP19A1 , plays central roles in neurodevelopment. In the brain, its function is to convert androgens into neuroestrogens, ensuring balanced hormonal signalling. Both animal experiments and human st…
View article: Maternal BMI and infant obesity risk: a lipidomics perspective on the developmental origins of obesity
Maternal BMI and infant obesity risk: a lipidomics perspective on the developmental origins of obesity Open
Background Maternal obesity is a critical determinant of infant health, influencing birth weight and increasing the risk of obesity in early life. Plasma lipids are mechanistically linked to obesity and may mediate the intergenerational tr…
View article: Development of Machine Learning–Based Risk Prediction Models to Predict Rapid Weight Gain in Infants: Analysis of Seven Cohorts
Development of Machine Learning–Based Risk Prediction Models to Predict Rapid Weight Gain in Infants: Analysis of Seven Cohorts Open
Background Rapid weight gain (RWG) during infancy, defined as an upward crossing of one centile line on a weight growth chart, is highly predictive of subsequent obesity risk. Identification of infant RWG could facilitate obesity risk asse…
View article: Lysophosphatidylcholines are elevated after selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure during neural differentiation and correlate with early neurodevelopmental symptoms
Lysophosphatidylcholines are elevated after selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure during neural differentiation and correlate with early neurodevelopmental symptoms Open
SUMMARY Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are often prescribed during pregnancy. Yet, epidemiological studies associate in-utero SSRI exposure with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism and attention-deficit/hyperactiv…
View article: Neonatal <scp>BCG</scp> vaccination to prevent asthma: Results from the <scp>MIS BAIR</scp> randomized controlled trial
Neonatal <span>BCG</span> vaccination to prevent asthma: Results from the <span>MIS BAIR</span> randomized controlled trial Open
Background Asthma has a significant impact worldwide, but prevention strategies remain limited. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of neonatal BCG vaccination in preventing asthma by modulating early‐life immunity. Methods The Melbourne Inf…
View article: Plasmalogens largely mediate the protective effect of breastfeeding on infections and chronic inflammation
Plasmalogens largely mediate the protective effect of breastfeeding on infections and chronic inflammation Open
Background: Inflammation has long-term health impacts across the life course. Breastfeeding substantially reduces inflammation risk, but key pathways, including the extent that this is due to protection against early life infection, are po…
View article: Nasal transcriptome differences preceding recurrent wheezing in infancy
Nasal transcriptome differences preceding recurrent wheezing in infancy Open
The nasal transcriptome in early infancy is associated with subsequent recurrent wheezes, indicating upregulation of immune cell chemotaxis, decreased epithelial barrier function, and altered cilium organization and mitochondrial function.…
View article: Midwives’ perspectives on women's dietary intake during pregnancy: A systems thinking approach
Midwives’ perspectives on women's dietary intake during pregnancy: A systems thinking approach Open
Midwives' perspectives on the drivers of poor prenatal nutritional intake were multifaceted, spanning the personal, environmental and health system levels. Nutrition interventions should consider the health system and service context, alon…
View article: Indigenous infants in remote Australia retain an ancestral gut microbiome despite encroaching Westernization
Indigenous infants in remote Australia retain an ancestral gut microbiome despite encroaching Westernization Open
The gut microbiomes of traditional Indigenous and 'Western' societies differ markedly in diversity and composition. The Western diet modifies the gut microbiome, promoting cardiometabolic disorders that disproportionately affect Indigenous…
View article: Prenatal DEHP plastic chemical exposure increases the likelihood of child autism and ADHD symptoms through epigenetic programming
Prenatal DEHP plastic chemical exposure increases the likelihood of child autism and ADHD symptoms through epigenetic programming Open
Increasing evidence implicates prenatal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a common endocrine-disrupting plastic chemical, in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the und…
View article: SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Childhood Islet Autoimmunity
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Childhood Islet Autoimmunity Open
This cohort study examines whether there is a temporal association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of islet autoimmunity among Australian children with a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes.
View article: Understanding Perinatal Mental Health: A Systems Science Approach to Identify Common Drivers and Opportunities for Intervention
Understanding Perinatal Mental Health: A Systems Science Approach to Identify Common Drivers and Opportunities for Intervention Open
PNDA are complex health conditions affecting up to one in five women. The causes of PNDA are not well understood and no proven prevention exists. This study aimed: (1) to understand health professionals' perspectives of the common drivers …
View article: Parental experiences of using continuous glucose monitoring in their young children with early-stage type 1 diabetes: a qualitative interview study
Parental experiences of using continuous glucose monitoring in their young children with early-stage type 1 diabetes: a qualitative interview study Open
Aim To explore parents’ experiences of using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in their young children with early-stage type 1 diabetes, being followed in the Australian Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study. Met…
View article: Tracking of Vascular Measures From Infancy to Early Childhood: A Cohort Study
Tracking of Vascular Measures From Infancy to Early Childhood: A Cohort Study Open
Background Atherosclerosis develops across the life course, and variation in aortic intima‐media thickness (IMT) is evident from infancy onward, although most early‐life data are cross‐sectional. We investigated whether abdominal aortic IM…
View article: Prenatal environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorder and their potential mechanisms
Prenatal environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorder and their potential mechanisms Open
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is globally increasing in prevalence. The rise of ASD can be partially attributed to diagnostic expansion and advocacy efforts; however, the interplay between genetic pre…
View article: Early Dysglycemia Is Detectable Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Very Young Children at Risk of Type 1 Diabetes
Early Dysglycemia Is Detectable Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Very Young Children at Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Open
OBJECTIVE Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can detect early dysglycemia in older children and adults with presymptomatic type 1 diabetes (T1D) and predict risk of progression to clinical onset. However, CGM data for very young children …