Peter A. Ward
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View article: The Impact of Extracellular Histones and Absence of Toll-like Receptors on Cardiac Functional and Electrical Disturbances in Mouse Hearts
The Impact of Extracellular Histones and Absence of Toll-like Receptors on Cardiac Functional and Electrical Disturbances in Mouse Hearts Open
In polymicrobial sepsis, the extracellular histones, mainly released from activated neutrophils, significantly contribute to cardiac dysfunction (septic cardiomyopathy), as demonstrated in our previous studies using Echo-Doppler measuremen…
View article: Innovative outpatient treatment for veterans and service members and their family members
Innovative outpatient treatment for veterans and service members and their family members Open
In 2009, Massachusetts General Hospital and the Red Sox Foundation launched Home Base, a nonprofit dedicated to providing care to veterans, service members, and their loved ones who struggle with the invisible wounds of war free of charge.…
View article: Externalized histones fuel pulmonary fibrosis via a platelet-macrophage circuit of TGFβ1 and IL-27
Externalized histones fuel pulmonary fibrosis via a platelet-macrophage circuit of TGFβ1 and IL-27 Open
Externalized histones erupt from the nucleus as extracellular traps, are associated with several acute and chronic lung disorders, but their implications in the molecular pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease are incompletely defined. …
View article: Reinventing Backend Subsetting at Google
Reinventing Backend Subsetting at Google Open
Designing an algorithm with reduced connection churn that could replace deterministic subsetting.
View article: THE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF POLYMICROBIAL SEPSIS
THE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF POLYMICROBIAL SEPSIS Open
This report deals with the advances made in the areas of complement and its role in sepsis, both in mice and in humans. The study relates to work over the past 25 years (late 1990s to October 2022). During this period, there has been very …
View article: Reinventing Backend Subsetting at Google
Reinventing Backend Subsetting at Google Open
Backend subsetting is useful for reducing costs and may even be necessary for operating within the system limits. For more than a decade, Google used deterministic subsetting as its default backend subsetting algorithm, but although this a…
View article: Review 2: "SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a bacterial lipopolysaccharide delivery system in an overzealous inflammatory cascade"
Review 2: "SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a bacterial lipopolysaccharide delivery system in an overzealous inflammatory cascade" Open
This preprint explores binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and its role in increased inflammatory response. Reviewers find presented evidence reliable, while exercising caution with presented generalizations …
View article: Differential inflammatory responses of the native left and right ventricle associated with donor heart preservation
Differential inflammatory responses of the native left and right ventricle associated with donor heart preservation Open
Mouse hearts subjected to cold ischemia showed time-dependent contractile dysfunction and increased cell death, inflammatory cytokine expression and inflammasome expression that are greater in the LV than RV. However, IL-6 protein elevatio…
View article: Role of Complement and Histones in Sepsis
Role of Complement and Histones in Sepsis Open
The wide use of the mouse model of polymicrobial sepsis has provided important evidence for events occurring in infectious sepsis involving septic mice and septic humans. Nearly 100 clinical trials in humans with sepsis have been completed…
View article: Complement as a Major Inducer of Harmful Events in Infectious Sepsis
Complement as a Major Inducer of Harmful Events in Infectious Sepsis Open
There is abundant evidence that infectious sepsis both in humans and mice with polymicrobial sepsis results in robust activation of complement. Major complement activation products involved in sepsis include C5a anaphylatoxin and its recep…
View article: Disruption of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Links Mechanical Strain to Post-traumatic Inflammation
Disruption of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Links Mechanical Strain to Post-traumatic Inflammation Open
Inflammation after trauma is both critical to normal wound healing and may be highly detrimental when prolonged or unchecked with the potential to impair physiologic healing and promote de novo pathology. Mechanical strain after trauma is …
View article: New strategies for treatment of infectious sepsis
New strategies for treatment of infectious sepsis Open
In this mini review, we describe the molecular mechanisms in polymicrobial sepsis that lead to a series of adverse events including activation of inflammatory and prothrombotic pathways, a faulty innate immune system, and multiorgan dysfun…
View article: Harmful Roles of TLR3 and TLR9 in Cardiac Dysfunction Developing during Polymicrobial Sepsis
Harmful Roles of TLR3 and TLR9 in Cardiac Dysfunction Developing during Polymicrobial Sepsis Open
We determined the roles of TLR3 and TLR9 in adverse events of polymicrobial sepsis, with a focus on development of septic cardiomyopathy, progression of which we have recently shown to be complement- and histones-dependent. So Wt, TLR3-kno…
View article: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus drive immune dysfunction, infection development, and sepsis mortality
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus drive immune dysfunction, infection development, and sepsis mortality Open
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are global pandemics. Worldwide, the prevalence of obesity has nearly tripled since 1975 and the prevalence of T2D has almost doubled since 1980. Both obesity and T2D are indolent and chronic dise…
View article: Do pelagic grazers benefit from sea ice? Insights from the Antarctic sea ice proxy IPSO <sub>25</sub>
Do pelagic grazers benefit from sea ice? Insights from the Antarctic sea ice proxy IPSO <sub>25</sub> Open
Sea ice affects primary production in polar regions in multiple ways. It can dampen water column productivity by reducing light or nutrient supply, it provides a habitat for ice algae and on its seasonal retreat can condition the marginal …
View article: Diabetes and Sepsis: Risk, Recurrence, and Ruination
Diabetes and Sepsis: Risk, Recurrence, and Ruination Open
Sepsis develops when an infection surpasses local tissue containment. A series of dysregulated physiological responses are generated, leading to organ dysfunction and a 10% mortality risk. When patients with sepsis demonstrate elevated ser…
View article: Complement‐induced activation of MAPKs and Akt during sepsis: role in cardiac dysfunction
Complement‐induced activation of MAPKs and Akt during sepsis: role in cardiac dysfunction Open
Polymicrobial sepsis in mice causes myocardial dysfunction after generation of the complement anaphylatoxin, complement component 5a (C5a). C5a interacts with its receptors on cardiomyocytes (CMs), resulting in redox imbalance and cardiac …
View article: Supplementary Material for: Selective Biological Responses of Phagocytes and Lungs to Purified Histones
Supplementary Material for: Selective Biological Responses of Phagocytes and Lungs to Purified Histones Open
Histones invoke strong proinflammatory responses in many different organs and cells. We assessed biological responses to purified or recombinant histones, using human and murine phagocytes and mouse lungs. H1 had the strongest ability in v…
View article: Selective Biological Responses of Phagocytes and Lungs to Purified Histones
Selective Biological Responses of Phagocytes and Lungs to Purified Histones Open
Histones invoke strong proinflammatory responses in many different organs and cells. We assessed biological responses to purified or recombinant histones, using human and murine phagocytes and mouse lungs. H1 had the strongest ability in v…
View article: KRILLBASE: a circumpolar database of Antarctic krill and salp numerical densities, 1926–2016
KRILLBASE: a circumpolar database of Antarctic krill and salp numerical densities, 1926–2016 Open
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and salps are major macroplankton contributors to Southern Ocean food webs and krill are also fished commercially. Managing this fishery sustainably, against a backdrop of rapid regional climate change, …
View article: The immune system's role in sepsis progression, resolution, and long‐term outcome
The immune system's role in sepsis progression, resolution, and long‐term outcome Open
Summary Sepsis occurs when an infection exceeds local tissue containment and induces a series of dysregulated physiologic responses that result in organ dysfunction. A subset of patients with sepsis progress to septic shock, defined by pro…
View article: Complement‐induced activation of the cardiac NLRP3 inflammasome in sepsis
Complement‐induced activation of the cardiac NLRP3 inflammasome in sepsis Open
Cardiac dysfunction develops during sepsis in humans and rodents. In the model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), we investigated the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the heart. Mouse heart homogenates f…