Petra Macaskill
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View article: Red flags to screen for vertebral fracture in patients presenting with low-back pain
Red flags to screen for vertebral fracture in patients presenting with low-back pain Open
The available evidence does not support the use of many red flags to specifically screen for vertebral fracture in patients presenting for LBP. Based on evidence from single studies, few individual red flags appear informative as most have…
View article: Understanding meta‐analysis
Understanding meta‐analysis Open
The statistical aspects of a systematic review of test accuracy are more challenging than those for reviews of interventions. It is therefore recommended that review teams include an individual with the statistical expertise needed to unde…
View article: Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): Explanation and Elaboration. Translation into Russian
Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): Explanation and Elaboration. Translation into Russian Open
The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) Statement includes a 22-item checklist, which aims to improve the reporting of studies developing, validating, or updating a predi…
View article: Assessing Performance and Clinical Usefulness in Prediction Models With Survival Outcomes: Practical Guidance for Cox Proportional Hazards Models
Assessing Performance and Clinical Usefulness in Prediction Models With Survival Outcomes: Practical Guidance for Cox Proportional Hazards Models Open
The authors recommend the proposed set of performance measures for transparent reporting of the validity of predictions from survival models.
View article: Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): Explanation and Elaboration. Translation in to Russian
Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): Explanation and Elaboration. Translation in to Russian Open
The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) Statement includes a 22-item checklist, which aims to improve the reporting of studies developing, validating, or updating a predi…
View article: Preferred reporting items for journal and conference abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA for Abstracts): checklist, explanation, and elaboration
Preferred reporting items for journal and conference abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA for Abstracts): checklist, explanation, and elaboration Open
For many users of the biomedical literature, abstracts may be the only source of information about a study. Hence, abstracts should allow readers to evaluate the objectives, key design features, and main results of the study. Several evalu…
View article: Risk Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Based on Retinal Vascular Caliber (from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities [ARIC] Study)
Risk Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Based on Retinal Vascular Caliber (from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities [ARIC] Study) Open
Recent studies show that retinal vascular signs such as quantitative retinal vascular caliber are associated with an increased risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD), but whether these retinal vascular signs add to the prediction of…
View article: Health-Related Quality of Life in People Across the Spectrum of CKD
Health-Related Quality of Life in People Across the Spectrum of CKD Open
Being on dialysis, women with CKD, those with multiple comorbidities, lack of a partner, and lower educational attainment were associated with lower QoL across all stages of CKD.
View article: Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a progressive, individualised walking and education programme for prevention of low back pain recurrence in adults: study protocol for the WalkBack randomised controlled trial
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a progressive, individualised walking and education programme for prevention of low back pain recurrence in adults: study protocol for the WalkBack randomised controlled trial Open
Introduction Low back pain (LBP) is recognised globally as a prevalent, costly and disabling condition. Recurrences are common and contribute to much of the burden of LBP. Current evidence favours exercise and education for prevention of L…
View article: Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA): explanation, elaboration, and checklist
Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA): explanation, elaboration, and checklist Open
Systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies are fundamental to the decision making process in evidence based medicine. Although such studies are regarded as high level evidence, these reviews are not always reported comple…
View article: Correction to: Estimation of treatment preference effects in clinical trials when some participants are indifferent to treatment choice
Correction to: Estimation of treatment preference effects in clinical trials when some participants are indifferent to treatment choice Open
In the original publication of this article [1], the number “− 0.49” in the below sentence in the Results section should be changed to “-3.23” , and this typo does not affect the wider conclusions.
View article: Authors’ Reply
Authors’ Reply Open
We appreciate the interest shown by Collins et al.1 in our study of screening advanced colorectal neoplasia in people with CKD (DETECT). They assert that the performance characteristics of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) arising from ou…
View article: One-Time Fecal Immunochemical Screening for Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Patients with CKD (DETECT Study)
One-Time Fecal Immunochemical Screening for Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Patients with CKD (DETECT Study) Open
Significance Statement Colorectal cancer screening using fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is recommended for patients with CKD, whose risk of developing and dying from this malignancy is at least 1.5 times higher than that of the sex- an…
View article: Predicting pain recovery in patients with acute low back pain: Updating and validation of a clinical prediction model
Predicting pain recovery in patients with acute low back pain: Updating and validation of a clinical prediction model Open
Background The prognosis of acute low back pain ( LBP ) is typically good; however, there is substantial variation in individual patient's outcomes. We recently developed a prediction model that was able to predict the likelihood of pain r…
View article: The Validity of Drug Effects on Proteinuria, Albuminuria, Serum Creatinine, and Estimated GFR as Surrogate End Points for ESKD: A Systematic Review
The Validity of Drug Effects on Proteinuria, Albuminuria, Serum Creatinine, and Estimated GFR as Surrogate End Points for ESKD: A Systematic Review Open
The association between antihypertensive drug effects on doubling of serum creatinine level and albuminuria or proteinuria with ESKD in treatment trials is not sufficiently certain to enable the confident use of these markers to guide clin…
View article: Breast Cancer Screening Using Tomosynthesis or Mammography: A Meta-analysis of Cancer Detection and Recall
Breast Cancer Screening Using Tomosynthesis or Mammography: A Meta-analysis of Cancer Detection and Recall Open
Tomosynthesis improves CDR and reduces recall; however, effects are dependent on screening setting, with greater improvement in CDR in European/Scandinavian studies (biennial screening) and reduction in recall in US studies with high basel…
View article: Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies
Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies Open
The 27-item PRISMA diagnostic test accuracy checklist provides specific guidance for reporting of systematic reviews. The PRISMA diagnostic test accuracy guideline can facilitate the transparent reporting of reviews, and may assist in the …
View article: Serum lactate cut-offs as <b>a</b> risk stratification tool for in-hospital adverse outcomes in emergency department patients screened for suspected sepsis
Serum lactate cut-offs as <b>a</b> risk stratification tool for in-hospital adverse outcomes in emergency department patients screened for suspected sepsis Open
Objectives We investigated specific lactate thresholds for adverse outcomes in patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) with suspected sepsis identified based on the performance of a sepsis screening algorithm. Design and setting…
View article: Obesity and hypertension in Australian young people: results from the Australian Health Survey 2011–2012
Obesity and hypertension in Australian young people: results from the Australian Health Survey 2011–2012 Open
Background Few studies have focused on the prevalence of obesity and hypertension among young people (ages 15–24). Aim To characterise the prevalence of obesity and systolic hypertension in young people aged 15–24 years across Australia. M…
View article: Elevated Liver Enzymes and Mortality in Older Individuals
Elevated Liver Enzymes and Mortality in Older Individuals Open
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine the excess risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older people with elevated liver enzymes [alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT)]. Methods: We uti…
View article: Meta-analysis of breast cancer mortality benefit and overdiagnosis adjusted for adherence: improving information on the effects of attending screening mammography
Meta-analysis of breast cancer mortality benefit and overdiagnosis adjusted for adherence: improving information on the effects of attending screening mammography Open
Adjustment for nonadherence increased the size of the mortality benefit and risk of overdiagnosis by up to 50%. These estimates are more appropriate when developing quantitative information to support individual decisions about attending s…
View article: Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): Explanation and Elaboration
Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): Explanation and Elaboration Open
The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) Statement includes a 22-item checklist, which aims to improve the reporting of studies developing, validating, or updating a predi…