Explanipedia

Reply on RC3 Open

Philip Browne · 2025

Reply on RC2 Open

Philip Browne · 2025

Sea ice data assimilation in ORAS6 Open

Philip Browne, Eric de Boisséson, Sarah Keeley, Charles Pelletier, Hao Zuo · 2025

Accurate weather and climate forecasting relies heavily on the precise modeling of sea ice, a critical component of the Earth's climate system. Sea ice influences global weather patterns, ocean circulation, and the exchange of heat and moi…

Marine data assimilation in the UK: the past, the present, and the vision for the future Open

Jozef Skákala, David Ford, Keith Haines, Amos S. Lawless, Matthew Martin , et al. · 2025

In the last 2 decades, UK research institutes have led a wide range of developments in marine data assimilation (MDA), covering areas from operational applications in physics and biogeochemistry to fundamental theory. We highlight the emer…

Impact of an Ensemble of Ocean Data Assimilations in ECMWF's next generation ocean reanalysis system Open

Marcin Chrust, Anthony Weaver, Philip Browne, Hao Zuo, Magdalena Balmaseda · 2024

An Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA) can provide valuable information on the analysis and short-range forecast uncertainties. The present ECMWF operational ocean analysis and reanalysis system, called ORAS5, produces an ensemble but doe…

Marine data assimilation in the UK: the past, the present and the vision for the future Open

Jozef Skákala, David Ford, Keith Haines, Amos S. Lawless, Matthew Martin , et al. · 2024

In the last two decades UK research institutes have led a wide range of developments in marine data assimilation (MDA), covering areas from the MDA applications in physics and biogeochemistry, to MDA theory. We review the progress over thi…

ECMWF 6th generation ocean and sea-ice reanalysis system (ORAS6) Open

Eric de Boisséson, Hao Zuo, Marcin Chrust, Philip Browne, Magdalena Balmaseda , et al. · 2024

Ocean and sea-ice reanalyses are reconstructions of historical ocean and sea-ice states by ingesting observations into simulated model states through data assimilation methods. Reanalysis provides invaluable information for climate monitor…

Coupled data assimilation for numerical weather prediction at ECMWF Open

Patricia de Rosnay, Philip Browne, Eric de Boisséson, David Fairbairn, Sébastien Garrigues , et al. · 2023

In this presentation we introduce coupled assimilation activities conducted in support of seamless Earth system approach developments for Numerical Weather Prediction and climate reanalysis at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather F…

Preliminary evaluation of the ECMWF 6th generation ocean and sea-ice reanalysis system (ORAS6) Open

Eric de Boisséson, Hao Zuo, Philip Browne, Marcin Chrust, Magdalena Balmaseda , et al. · 2023

Ocean and sea-ice reanalyses are reconstructions of historical ocean and sea-ice states by ingesting observations into simulated model states through data assimilation methods. Reanalysis provides invaluable information for climate monitor…

Developing an Observing Air–Sea Interactions Strategy (OASIS) for the global ocean Open

Meghan F. Cronin, Sebastiaan Swart, Christa Marandino, Clarissa R. Anderson, Philip Browne , et al. · 2022

The Observing Air–Sea Interactions Strategy (OASIS) is a new United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development programme working to develop a practical, integrated approach for observing air–sea interactions globally for i…

Coupled data assimilation at ECMWF: current status, challenges and future developments Open

Patricia de Rosnay, Philip Browne, Eric de Boisséson, David Fairbairn, Yoichi Hirahara , et al. · 2022

This article presents coupled data assimilation (DA) activities at the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Coupled DA is an essential component of the ECMWF Earth‐system strategy. It aims at providing consistent ini…

Conservation with moving meshes over orography Open

Hiroe Yamazaki, Hilary Weller, Colin J. Cotter, Philip Browne · 2022

Recent and planned NWP developments at ECMWF Open

Andy Brown, Philip Browne, Steve English, Florian Pappenberger, Florence Rabier · 2022

<p>2021 was a standout year for ECMWF in that not one, but two major upgrades were made to the operational NWP system.</p><p>Cycle 47r2 (introduced on 11 May) increased the ensemble forecast (ENS) vertical resolution from…

Interactions Strategy (OASIS) for a Predicted Ocean, a satellite event for the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development - Predicted Ocean Laboratory Open

Meghan F. Cronin, Christa Marandino, Sheri Schwartz, Maggie Chory, Philip Browne , et al. · 2021

The “OASIS for a Predicted Ocean” satellite event to the UN Decade Predicted Ocean Laboratory took place twice to account for different time zones, on Sep 16, 2021 at 1600 CET and on Sep 17, 2021 at 0100 CET. The fun event used the interac…

Butterfly: a satellite mission to reveal the oceans' impact on our weather and climate Open

Chelle Gentemann, Carol Anne Clayson, Tong Lee, Shannon Brown, Aneesh C. Subramanian , et al. · 2021

Butterfly will provide data to advance both weather and climate prediction. This mission is driven by science. Recent research results reveal how small spatial-scale air-sea turbulent heat and moisture fluxes impact regional and global wea…

A Baseline for Global Weather and Climate Simulations at 1 km Resolution Open

Nils Wedi, Inna Polichtchouk, Peter Dueben, Valentine Anantharaj, Péter Bauer , et al. · 2020

In an attempt to advance the understanding of the Earth's weather and climate by representing deep convection explicitly, we present a global, four‐month simulation (November 2018 to February 2019) with ECMWF's hydrostatic Integrated Forec…

The New Stand-Alone Surface Analysis at ECMWF: Implications for Land–Atmosphere DA Coupling Open

David Fairbairn, Patricia de Rosnay, Philip Browne · 2019

This article presents the “screen-level and surface analysis only” (SSA) system at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). SSA is a simplification of the operational land–atmosphere weakly coupled data assimilation …

Observational Needs for Improving Ocean and Coupled Reanalysis, S2S Prediction, and Decadal Prediction Open

Stephen G. Penny, Santha Akella, Magdalena Balmaseda, Philip Browne, James A. Carton , et al. · 2019

Developments in observing system technologies and ocean data assimilation (DA) are symbiotic. New observation types lead to new DA methods and new DA methods, such as coupled DA, can change the value of existing observations or indicate wh…

Weakly Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Data Assimilation in the ECMWF NWP System Open

Philip Browne, Patricia de Rosnay, Hao Zuo, Andrew F. Bennett, Andrew Dawson · 2019

Numerical weather prediction models are including an increasing number of components of the Earth system. In particular, every forecast now issued by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) runs with a 3D ocean model…

ECMWF Activities for Improved Hurricane Forecasts Open

Linus Magnusson, Jean‐Raymond Bidlot, Massimo Bonavita, Andy Brown, Philip Browne , et al. · 2018

Tropical cyclones are some of the most devastating natural hazards and the “three beasts”—Harvey, Irma, and Maria—during the Atlantic hurricane season 2017 are recent examples. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)…

Data Assimilation in the Solar Wind: Challenges and First Results Open

Matthew Lang, Philip Browne, Peter Jan van Leeuwen, M. J. Owens · 2017

Data assimilation (DA) is used extensively in numerical weather prediction (NWP) to improve forecast skill. Indeed, improvements in forecast skill in NWP models over the past 30 years have directly coincided with improvements in DA schemes…

A comparison of the equivalent weights particle filter and the local ensemble transform Kalman filter in application to the barotropic vorticity equation Open

Philip Browne · 2016

Data assimilation methods that work in high-dimensional systems are crucial to many areas of the geosciences: meteorology, oceanography, climate science and so on. The equivalent weights particle filter (EWPF) has been designed for, and re…

Nonlinear solution techniques for solving a Monge-Ampère equation for redistribution of a mesh Open

Philip Browne, J. Prettyman, Hilary Weller, Tristan Pryer, Jan Van lent · 2016

A Monge-Ampère (MA) equation arises when seeking an optimally transported mesh that equidistributes a given monitor function in Cartesian space. This MA equation is a fully nonlinear PDE, with a source term that is a function of the gradie…

A systematic method of parameterisation estimation using data assimilation Open

Matthew Lang, Peter Jan van Leeuwen, Philip Browne · 2016

In numerical weather prediction, parameterisations are used to simulate missing physics in the model. These can be due to a lack of scientific understanding or a lack of computing power available to address all the known physical processes…

Mesh adaptation on the sphere using optimal transport and the numerical solution of a Monge–Ampère type equation Open

Hilary Weller, Philip Browne, Chris Budd, Mike Cullen · 2015

Twin experiments with the equivalent weights particle filter and HadCM3 Open

Philip Browne, Peter Jan van Leeuwen · 2015

This article investigates the use of a particle filter for data assimilation with a full‐scale coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model. Synthetic twin experiments are performed to assess the performance of the equivalent weights…

A simple method for integrating a complex model into an ensemble data assimilation system using MPI Open

Philip Browne, Simon Wilson · 2015

This paper details a strategy for modifying the source code of a complex model so that the model may be used in a data assimilation context, {and gives the standards for implementing a data assimilation code to use such a model}. The strat…

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