Phillip B. Hylemon
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View article: Tailored Levofloxacin Incorporated Extracellular Matrix Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Infections
Tailored Levofloxacin Incorporated Extracellular Matrix Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Infections Open
Cystic fibrosis produces viscous mucus in the lung that increases bacterial invasion, causing persistent infections and subsequent inflammation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are two of the most common infections in cyst…
View article: Aramchol attenuates fibrosis in mouse models of biliary fibrosis and blocks the TGFβ-induced fibroinflammatory mediators in cholangiocytes
Aramchol attenuates fibrosis in mouse models of biliary fibrosis and blocks the TGFβ-induced fibroinflammatory mediators in cholangiocytes Open
Background: Cholestatic liver diseases, including primary sclerosing cholangitis, are characterized by biliary fibroinflammation. TGFβ-activated cholangiocytes release signals that recruit immune cells and activate myofibroblasts, promotin…
View article: LECT2-PHB2 axis: a new mechanistic insight and therapeutic opportunity in alcohol-associated hepatitis
LECT2-PHB2 axis: a new mechanistic insight and therapeutic opportunity in alcohol-associated hepatitis Open
View article: Discovery of a novel regulator, 3β-sulfate-5-cholestenoic acid, of lipid metabolism and inflammation
Discovery of a novel regulator, 3β-sulfate-5-cholestenoic acid, of lipid metabolism and inflammation Open
This study identifies a novel oxysterol metabolite, 3β-sulfate-5-cholestenoic acid (3SCA), secreted by hepatocytes, which regulates lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses in hepatocytes and macrophages. These findings reveal previousl…
View article: Bile acid dysmetabolism in Bangladeshi infants is associated with poor linear growth, enteric inflammation, and small intestine bacterial overgrowth
Bile acid dysmetabolism in Bangladeshi infants is associated with poor linear growth, enteric inflammation, and small intestine bacterial overgrowth Open
Introduction Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is a subclinical condition caused by fecal-oral contamination leading to enteric inflammation and dysbiosis. This study investigates bile acid metabolism in Bangladeshi children with EED…
View article: Intestinal mucosal mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation worsens with cirrhosis progression and is ameliorated with fecal microbiota transplantation
Intestinal mucosal mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation worsens with cirrhosis progression and is ameliorated with fecal microbiota transplantation Open
Cirrhosis, the end-stage of liver disease, progresses through altered gut-liver axis and microbial change. Here we show that intestinal mucosal mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which affects intestinal barrier worsens with cirrhosi…
View article: Sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) depletion alters redox metabolism and enhances inflammation in a diet-induced MASH mouse model
Sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) depletion alters redox metabolism and enhances inflammation in a diet-induced MASH mouse model Open
Background: Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid molecule that modulates inflammation and hepatic lipid metabolism in MASLD, which affects 1 in 3 people and increases the risk of liver fibrosis and hepatic cancer. S1P can be …
View article: Aramchol attenuates fibrosis in mouse models of biliary fibrosis and blocks the TGFβ-induced fibroinflammatory mediators in cholangiocytes
Aramchol attenuates fibrosis in mouse models of biliary fibrosis and blocks the TGFβ-induced fibroinflammatory mediators in cholangiocytes Open
Background Fibroinflammatory cholangiopathies, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), are characterized by inflammation and biliary fibrosis, driving disease-related complications. In biliary fi…
View article: An expanded metabolic pathway for androgen production by host-associated bacteria
An expanded metabolic pathway for androgen production by host-associated bacteria Open
A growing body of literature implicates host-associated microbiota in the modulation of circulating androgen levels in the host, which could have far-reaching implications for androgen-mediated diseases. However, the microbial genetic path…
View article: The RIVET RCT: Rifamycin SV MMX improves muscle mass, physical function, and ammonia in cirrhosis and minimal encephalopathy
The RIVET RCT: Rifamycin SV MMX improves muscle mass, physical function, and ammonia in cirrhosis and minimal encephalopathy Open
Background: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) negatively affects the prognosis of cirrhosis, but treatment is not standard. Rifamycin SV MMX (RiVM) is a nonabsorbable rifampin derivative with colonic action. Methods: In a phase 2 placeb…
View article: Therapeutic potential of berberine in attenuating cholestatic liver injury: insights from a PSC mouse model
Therapeutic potential of berberine in attenuating cholestatic liver injury: insights from a PSC mouse model Open
View article: Cholestenoic acid as endogenous epigenetic regulator decreases hepatocyte lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo
Cholestenoic acid as endogenous epigenetic regulator decreases hepatocyte lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo Open
To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify the mitochondrial monohydroxy bile acid cholestenoic acid (CA) as an endogenous epigenetic regulator that regulates lipid metabolism through epigenome modification in human hepatocytes.…
View article: Long Noncoding RNA H19: A Novel Oncogene in Liver Cancer
Long Noncoding RNA H19: A Novel Oncogene in Liver Cancer Open
Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death globally, with limited treatment options. Recent studies have demonstrated the critical role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of liver cancers. Of note, m…
View article: Bile Acids and Biliary Fibrosis
Bile Acids and Biliary Fibrosis Open
Biliary fibrosis is the driving pathological process in cholangiopathies such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Cholangiopathies are also associated with cholestasis, which is the retention of b…
View article: Conjugated Bile Acids Accelerate Progression of Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis via S1PR2 Signaling in Cholestasis
Conjugated Bile Acids Accelerate Progression of Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis via S1PR2 Signaling in Cholestasis Open
View article: Reduced alcohol preference and intake after fecal transplant in patients with alcohol use disorder is transmissible to germ-free mice
Reduced alcohol preference and intake after fecal transplant in patients with alcohol use disorder is transmissible to germ-free mice Open
View article: RNA binding protein HuR protects against NAFLD by suppressing long noncoding RNA H19 expression
RNA binding protein HuR protects against NAFLD by suppressing long noncoding RNA H19 expression Open
View article: RNA binding protein HuR protects against NAFLD by suppressing long noncoding RNA H19 expression
RNA binding protein HuR protects against NAFLD by suppressing long noncoding RNA H19 expression Open
Background: NAFLD has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Human antigen R (HuR), an RNA-binding protein, is an important post-transcriptional regulator. HuR has been reported as a key player in regulating lipid homeosta…
View article: Protective and aggressive bacterial subsets and metabolites modify hepatobiliary inflammation and fibrosis in a murine model of PSC
Protective and aggressive bacterial subsets and metabolites modify hepatobiliary inflammation and fibrosis in a murine model of PSC Open
Objective Conflicting microbiota data exist for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and experimental models. Goal: define the function of complex resident microbes and their association relevant to PSC patients by studying germ-free (GF) …
View article: Bile Acids, Gut Microbiome and the Road to Fatty Liver Disease
Bile Acids, Gut Microbiome and the Road to Fatty Liver Disease Open
This article describes the complex interactions occurring between diet, the gut microbiome, and bile acids in the etiology of fatty liver disease. Perhaps 25% of the world's population may have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and …
View article: 25-Hydroxycholesterol 3-Sulfate Recovers Acetaminophen Induced Acute Liver Injury via Stabilizing Mitochondria in Mouse Models
25-Hydroxycholesterol 3-Sulfate Recovers Acetaminophen Induced Acute Liver Injury via Stabilizing Mitochondria in Mouse Models Open
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is one of the most frequent causes of acute liver failure (ALF). N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is currently being used as part of the standard care in the clinic but its usage has been limited in severe cases, in whi…
View article: Bile Acid Receptors and the Gut–Liver Axis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Bile Acid Receptors and the Gut–Liver Axis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Open
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been significantly increased due to the global epidemic of obesity. The disease progression from simple steatosis (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is closely linke…
View article: Hepatic Branch Vagotomy Modulates the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis in Murine Cirrhosis
Hepatic Branch Vagotomy Modulates the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis in Murine Cirrhosis Open
Background Cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are linked with an altered gut-liver-brain axis, however, the relative contribution of hepatic vagal innervation is unclear. We aimed to determine the impact of hepatic vagotomy on the g…
View article: Long Noncoding RNA H19: A Key Player in Liver Diseases
Long Noncoding RNA H19: A Key Player in Liver Diseases Open
The rapid advance in deep sequencing technologies has identified numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and their biological functions are increasingly being recognized as important regulators of gene expression and cell signaling pathways…
View article: Berberine Prevents Disease Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis through Modulating Multiple Pathways
Berberine Prevents Disease Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis through Modulating Multiple Pathways Open
Background and Aims: The disease progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from simple steatosis (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is driven by multiple factors. Berberine (BBR) is an ancient Chinese medicine and …
View article: 25-Hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate is an endogenous ligand of DNA methyltransferases in hepatocytes
25-Hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate is an endogenous ligand of DNA methyltransferases in hepatocytes Open
View article: Insulin resistance dysregulates CYP7B1 leading to oxysterol accumulation: a pathway for NAFL to NASH transition
Insulin resistance dysregulates CYP7B1 leading to oxysterol accumulation: a pathway for NAFL to NASH transition Open
View article: Neuro and hepatic inflammation and steatosis are modulated by gut microbial changes after isolated hepatic vagotomy and antibiotics in cirrhosis
Neuro and hepatic inflammation and steatosis are modulated by gut microbial changes after isolated hepatic vagotomy and antibiotics in cirrhosis Open
View article: Berberine inhibits free fatty acid and LPS-induced inflammation via modulating ER stress response in macrophages and hepatocytes
Berberine inhibits free fatty acid and LPS-induced inflammation via modulating ER stress response in macrophages and hepatocytes Open
Inflammation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs, has been widely used to treat various diseases, includi…
View article: High Glucose Induces Lipid Accumulation via 25-Hydroxycholesterol DNA-CpG Methylation
High Glucose Induces Lipid Accumulation via 25-Hydroxycholesterol DNA-CpG Methylation Open