Pirkka T. Pekkarinen
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View article: Rationale and Methodological Approach Underlying the Development of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)–2 Score
Rationale and Methodological Approach Underlying the Development of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)–2 Score Open
Importance The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was published in 1996 to describe organ dysfunction in critically ill adult patients in a readily quantifiable and sequential manner. Considerable changes have occurred over t…
View article: Optimal Cutoffs for the Ratio of Arterial Oxygen Partial Pressure to Inspired Oxygen Fraction in Categorizing Respiratory Impairment Severity in Organ Failure Scores
Optimal Cutoffs for the Ratio of Arterial Oxygen Partial Pressure to Inspired Oxygen Fraction in Categorizing Respiratory Impairment Severity in Organ Failure Scores Open
Background The ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO 2 /FiO 2 , hereafter P/F ratio) is a key component of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. It reflects the severity of hypoxaemic…
View article: Protocolized <scp>REDUction</scp> of Non‐Resuscitation Fluids in <scp>SEptic</scp> Shock Patients. A Protocol for the <scp>REDUSE</scp> Randomized Clinical Trial
Protocolized <span>REDUction</span> of Non‐Resuscitation Fluids in <span>SEptic</span> Shock Patients. A Protocol for the <span>REDUSE</span> Randomized Clinical Trial Open
In septic shock, administration of large fluid volumes is associated with poor outcomes. Recent evidence shows that non‐resuscitation fluids are the major modifiable source of fluids for patients with septic shock in intensive care units (…
View article: Innate Immune Response After Cardiac Arrest (<scp>INNATUS</scp>): A Study Protocol for an Observational Single‐Center Pilot Study
Innate Immune Response After Cardiac Arrest (<span>INNATUS</span>): A Study Protocol for an Observational Single‐Center Pilot Study Open
Background The treatment of cardiac arrest (CA) patients is often complicated by post‐cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS), which involves a systemic inflammatory response. Increased levels of certain inflammatory markers (e.g., interleukin‐6 an…
View article: Characterization of inherited C3 deficiency – a patient case
Characterization of inherited C3 deficiency – a patient case Open
View article: Chest compression synchronized ventilation during prolonged experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves oxygenation but may cause pneumothoraces
Chest compression synchronized ventilation during prolonged experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves oxygenation but may cause pneumothoraces Open
View article: Association of white blood cell count with one-year mortality after cardiac arrest
Association of white blood cell count with one-year mortality after cardiac arrest Open
In this large retrospective cohort, WBC was independently associated with one-year mortality after CA. Mortality was lowest in patients with WBC close to the upper limit of the normal reference range. Although WBC is not useful for outcome…
View article: Noradrenaline dose cutoffs to characterise the severity of cardiovascular failure: Data‐based development and external validation
Noradrenaline dose cutoffs to characterise the severity of cardiovascular failure: Data‐based development and external validation Open
Background The vasopressor dose needed is a common measure to assess the severity of cardiovascular failure, but there is no consensus on the ranges of vasopressor doses determining different levels of cardiovascular support. We aimed to i…
View article: Oxygenation and ventilation during prolonged experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation with either continuous or 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratios together with 10 cmH20 positive end-expiratory pressure
Oxygenation and ventilation during prolonged experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation with either continuous or 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratios together with 10 cmH20 positive end-expiratory pressure Open
Background In refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the patient is commonly transported to hospital with mechanical continuous chest compressions (CCC). Limited data are available on the optimal ventilation strategy. Accordingly, we c…
View article: Inflammatory response after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest—Impact on outcome and organ failure development
Inflammatory response after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest—Impact on outcome and organ failure development Open
Background Post‐cardiac arrest syndrome that occurs in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients is characterized by inflammatory response. We conducted a scoping review of current evidence regarding several inflammatory markers' usef…
View article: Vasoactive Inotropic Score compared to the sequential organ failure assessment cardiovascular score in intensive care
Vasoactive Inotropic Score compared to the sequential organ failure assessment cardiovascular score in intensive care Open
Background The cardiovascular component of the sequential organ failure assessment (cvSOFA) score may be outdated because of changes in intensive care. Vasoactive Inotropic Score (VIS) represents the weighted sum of vasoactive and inotropi…
View article: Ventilation during continuous compressions or at 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio results in similar arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in an experimental model of prolonged cardiac arrest
Ventilation during continuous compressions or at 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio results in similar arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in an experimental model of prolonged cardiac arrest Open
View article: The use of 100% compared to 50% oxygen during ineffective experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves brain oxygenation
The use of 100% compared to 50% oxygen during ineffective experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves brain oxygenation Open
The use of 100% compared to 50% oxygen during ineffective manual CPR improved brain oxygenation measured invasively in brain tissue, but there was no difference in rSO2.
View article: A comprehensive assessment of four whole blood stabilizers for flow‐cytometric analysis of leukocyte populations
A comprehensive assessment of four whole blood stabilizers for flow‐cytometric analysis of leukocyte populations Open
Though cryopreservation of cell fractions is widely used in flow cytometry studies, whole blood cryopreservation is more challenging due to the presence of erythrocytes and effects of fixatives commonly used for preservation. Here, we eval…
View article: Markers of neutrophil mediated inflammation associate with disturbed continuous electroencephalogram after out of hospital cardiac arrest
Markers of neutrophil mediated inflammation associate with disturbed continuous electroencephalogram after out of hospital cardiac arrest Open
Background Achieving an acceptable neurological outcome in cardiac arrest survivors remains challenging. Ischemia‐reperfusion injury induces inflammation, which may cause secondary neurological damage. We studied the association of ICU adm…
View article: Association of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) components with mortality
Association of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) components with mortality Open
Background Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) is a practical method to describe and quantify the presence and severity of organ system dysfunctions and failures. Some proposals suggest that SOFA could be employed as an endpoint in …
View article: Intensive care–treated cardiac arrest: a retrospective study on the impact of extended age on mortality, neurological outcome, received treatments and healthcare-associated costs
Intensive care–treated cardiac arrest: a retrospective study on the impact of extended age on mortality, neurological outcome, received treatments and healthcare-associated costs Open
Background Cardiac arrest (CA) is a leading cause of death worldwide. As population ages, the need for research focusing on CA in elderly increases. This study investigated treatment intensity, 12-month neurological outcome, mortality and …
View article: Characterization of low-density granulocytes in COVID-19
Characterization of low-density granulocytes in COVID-19 Open
Severe COVID-19 is characterized by extensive pulmonary complications, to which host immune responses are believed to play a role. As the major arm of innate immunity, neutrophils are one of the first cells recruited to the site of infecti…
View article: Association of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) components with mortality
Association of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) components with mortality Open
Background Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) is a practical and widely used method to describe and quantify the presence and severity of organ system dysfunctions and failures. Some proposals suggest that SOFA could be employed as…
View article: Intensive care–treated cardiac arrest: A retrospective study on the impact of extended age on mortality, neurological outcome, received treatments and healthcare-associated costs
Intensive care–treated cardiac arrest: A retrospective study on the impact of extended age on mortality, neurological outcome, received treatments and healthcare-associated costs Open
Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) is a leading cause of death worldwide. As population ages, the need for research focusing on CA in elderly increases. This study investigated treatment intensity, 12-month neurological outcome, mortality and…
View article: Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels after out of hospital cardiac arrest are associated with neurological outcome
Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels after out of hospital cardiac arrest are associated with neurological outcome Open
View article: The Association Between Arterial Oxygen Level and Outcome in Neurocritically Ill Patients is not Affected by Blood Pressure
The Association Between Arterial Oxygen Level and Outcome in Neurocritically Ill Patients is not Affected by Blood Pressure Open
View article: Systems-Level Immunomonitoring from Acute to Recovery Phase of Severe COVID-19
Systems-Level Immunomonitoring from Acute to Recovery Phase of Severe COVID-19 Open
Severe disease of SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by vigorous inflammatory responses in the lung, often with a sudden onset after 5-7 days of stable disease. Efforts to modulate this hyperinflammation and the associated acute respiratory distr…
View article: Systems-level immunomonitoring from acute to recovery phase of severe COVID-19
Systems-level immunomonitoring from acute to recovery phase of severe COVID-19 Open
SUMMARY The immune response to SARS-CoV2 is under intense investigation, but not fully understood att this moment. Severe disease is characterized by vigorous inflammatory responses in the lung, often with a sudden onset after 5–7 days of …
View article: Early hyperoxemia is not associated with cardiac arrest outcome
Early hyperoxemia is not associated with cardiac arrest outcome Open
View article: Association of extracerebral organ failure with 1-year survival and healthcare-associated costs after cardiac arrest: an observational database study
Association of extracerebral organ failure with 1-year survival and healthcare-associated costs after cardiac arrest: an observational database study Open
View article: Corrigendum to “Outcomes and healthcare-associated costs one year after intensive care-treated cardiac arrest” [Resuscitation 131 (2018) 128–134]
Corrigendum to “Outcomes and healthcare-associated costs one year after intensive care-treated cardiac arrest” [Resuscitation 131 (2018) 128–134] Open
View article: Outcomes and healthcare-associated costs one year after intensive care-treated cardiac arrest
Outcomes and healthcare-associated costs one year after intensive care-treated cardiac arrest Open