Prem Venugopal
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View article: Population pharmacokinetics of cefazolin administered as prophylaxis in paediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Population pharmacokinetics of cefazolin administered as prophylaxis in paediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery Open
Postoperative cefazolin concentrations in paediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass are often inadequate to maintain optimal antimicrobial prophylaxis. More frequent postoperative dosing or the use of extended and continuous in…
View article: Optimal data dissemination by using meta-heuristic strategy over 802.11p in VANETs to improve efficiency and effectiveness
Optimal data dissemination by using meta-heuristic strategy over 802.11p in VANETs to improve efficiency and effectiveness Open
The advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has accelerated the development of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), driving advancements in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). V…
View article: Pre‐operative transcranial Doppler ultrasound assessment of cerebral collateral circulation in children undergoing veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or cardiac surgery
Pre‐operative transcranial Doppler ultrasound assessment of cerebral collateral circulation in children undergoing veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or cardiac surgery Open
Children requiring veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) or cardiac surgery often undergo cervical cannulation or carotid artery clamping, which can interrupt cerebral circulation. Inadequate collateral flow through t…
View article: Viability of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuits during Arterio-venous Shunting: An Observational Study of ECMO Circuits
Viability of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuits during Arterio-venous Shunting: An Observational Study of ECMO Circuits Open
Introduction Trial off veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is often performed by diversion of circuit flow through an arterio-venous shunt. Separation from the patient presents an augmented risk for microbiological growth and…
View article: Hyperlactataemia Following Crystalloid Cardiopulmonary Bypass Priming in Paediatric Cardiac Surgery—Benign or Malignant? A Retrospective Study
Hyperlactataemia Following Crystalloid Cardiopulmonary Bypass Priming in Paediatric Cardiac Surgery—Benign or Malignant? A Retrospective Study Open
Background: Various mechanisms leading to early hyperlactataemia post-cardiac surgery have been postulated. Specifically, in the paediatric population, benign early hyperlactataemia may be associated with crystalloid priming in the cardiop…
View article: REstrictive versus StandarD FlUid Management in Mechanically Ventilated ChildrEn Admitted to PICU: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial (REDUCE-1)
REstrictive versus StandarD FlUid Management in Mechanically Ventilated ChildrEn Admitted to PICU: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial (REDUCE-1) Open
Introduction Intravenous fluid therapy is the most common intervention in critically ill children. There is an increasing body of evidence questioning the safety of high-volume intravenous fluid administration in these patients. To date, t…
View article: CardioCel® for repair of congenital heart defects: nationwide results of over 1000 implants
CardioCel® for repair of congenital heart defects: nationwide results of over 1000 implants Open
OBJECTIVES To assess the mid-term performance of CardioCel for the repair of congenital heart defects. METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from databases and hospital records in 3 congenital cardiac surgery centres in Australia. Ka…
View article: Utility of routine chest radiographs after chest drain removal in paediatric cardiac surgical patients—a retrospective analysis of 1076 patients
Utility of routine chest radiographs after chest drain removal in paediatric cardiac surgical patients—a retrospective analysis of 1076 patients Open
OBJECTIVES Chest drains are routinely placed in children following cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of a clinically relevant pneumothorax and/or pleural effusion after drain removal and to ascertain…
View article: Longitudinal cohort study investigating neurodevelopmental and socioemotional outcomes in school-entry aged children after open heart surgery in Australia and New Zealand: the NITRIC follow-up study protocol
Longitudinal cohort study investigating neurodevelopmental and socioemotional outcomes in school-entry aged children after open heart surgery in Australia and New Zealand: the NITRIC follow-up study protocol Open
Introduction Despite growing awareness of neurodevelopmental impairments in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), there is a lack of large, longitudinal, population-based cohorts. Little is known about the contemporary neurodevelop…
View article: Performance of CardioCel in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review
Performance of CardioCel in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review Open
A systematic review was performed for evaluation of the performance of CardioCel ® in cardiac surgery. The review included all studies published from January 2013 to December 2020. We conclude that CardioCel is a strong, flexible tissue su…
View article: Nitric Oxide on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Neonates and Children (NECTAR Trial): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Nitric Oxide on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Neonates and Children (NECTAR Trial): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Open
Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides support for the pulmonary or cardiovascular function of children in whom the predicted mortality risk remains very high. The inevitable host inflammatory response and activatio…
View article: Clinical stakeholder preferences for paediatric cardiac surgery outcome reporting in Australia and New Zealand
Clinical stakeholder preferences for paediatric cardiac surgery outcome reporting in Australia and New Zealand Open
Background: Outcome reporting is an essential element of quality assurance. Evaluation of the information needs of stakeholders of outcome reporting is limited. This study aimed to examine stakeholder preferences for the content, format, a…
View article: Feeding Neonates and Infants Prior to Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Feeding Neonates and Infants Prior to Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Open
Background: Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates requiring cardiac surgery. Feeding practices vary significantly across institutions and remain controversial. We conducted a systemat…
View article: Nitric Oxide on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Neonates and Children (NECTAR Trial): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Nitric Oxide on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Neonates and Children (NECTAR Trial): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint) Open
BACKGROUND Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides support for the pulmonary or cardiovascular function of children in whom the predicted mortality risk remains very high. The inevitable host inflammatory response and activati…
View article: The Australia and New Zealand Congenital Outcomes Registry for Surgery (<scp>ANZCORS</scp>): methodology and preliminary results
The Australia and New Zealand Congenital Outcomes Registry for Surgery (<span>ANZCORS</span>): methodology and preliminary results Open
Background Analysis of multi‐institutional data and benchmarking is an accepted accreditation standard in cardiac surgery. Such a database does not exist for congenital cardiac surgery in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ). To fill this gap, …
View article: A single-centre, retrospective study of mid-term outcomes of aortic arch repair using a standardized resection and patch augmentation technique
A single-centre, retrospective study of mid-term outcomes of aortic arch repair using a standardized resection and patch augmentation technique Open
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid-term outcomes after the repair of aortic arch using a standard patch augmentation technique. METHODS The study included all patients who underwent repair of a hypoplastic/interrupted…
View article: Automatic Hemorrhage Detection From Color Doppler Ultrasound Using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-Based Anomaly Detection Method
Automatic Hemorrhage Detection From Color Doppler Ultrasound Using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-Based Anomaly Detection Method Open
Hemorrhage control has been identified as a priority focus area both for civilian and military populations in the United States because exsanguination is the most common cause of preventable death in hemorrhagic injury. Non-compressible to…
View article: VARIATION OF COGNITION AND CEREBRAL ACTIVITY WITH SEVERITY OF AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION IN COPD
VARIATION OF COGNITION AND CEREBRAL ACTIVITY WITH SEVERITY OF AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION IN COPD Open
Introduction: Cognitive dysfunction is one of the important systemic effect of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease that affects various cognitive domains in these patients. Aim: Assessment of cognitive function in specific cognitive doma…
View article: Localization of Arterial Bleeds Using Pulse Wave Reflections
Localization of Arterial Bleeds Using Pulse Wave Reflections Open
Introduction Localization of internal arterial bleeds is necessary for treatment in the battlefield. In this article, we describe a novel approach that utilizes pulse wave reflections generated by a bleed to locate it. Materials and Method…
View article: Merging Two Hospitals: The Effects on Pediatric Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcomes
Merging Two Hospitals: The Effects on Pediatric Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcomes Open
In this article, a retrospective study was performed to describe the impact of merging two pediatric intensive care units on the overall and neurocognitive outcomes of children who required extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECP…
View article: Ultrasonographic assessment of aortic flow characteristics in a paediatric patient with sepsis treated with extracorporeal life support: defining the mixing zone
Ultrasonographic assessment of aortic flow characteristics in a paediatric patient with sepsis treated with extracorporeal life support: defining the mixing zone Open
We describe a case of severe sepsis in a 14‐year‐old boy who was treated with veno‐arterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. The haemodynamic challenges inherent to femoro‐femoral VA ECMO are discussed, and the use …
View article: Successful management of a neonate with <scp>OTC</scp> deficiency presenting with hyperammonemia and severe cardiac dysfunction with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and continuous renal replacement therapy
Successful management of a neonate with <span>OTC</span> deficiency presenting with hyperammonemia and severe cardiac dysfunction with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and continuous renal replacement therapy Open
Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is an X‐linked urea cycle disorder which—in severe form—results in rapid accumulation of ammonia and glutamine with subsequent irreversible brain injury. We present a case of severe left ventricu…