Explanipedia

DKIST resolves sub-arcsec photospheric scattering polarization Open

Franziska Zeuner, Luca Belluzzi, Ernest Alsina Ballester, R. Casini, David M. Harrington , et al. · 2025

Scattering polarization signals offer unique diagnostics of the physical conditions in the solar atmosphere, in particular magnetic fields via the Hanle effect. However, their spatial structure remains poorly constrained due to the difficu…

Using the Hanle Effect in Mg <span>ii</span> k to Quantify the Open Flux above the Solar Poles Open

R. Hofmann, David Afonso Delgado, R. Centeno, R. Casini, M. Rempel , et al. · 2025

We test the use of the Mg ii resonant lines for measurement of the magnetic field at the top of the chromosphere of polar coronal holes (CHs). The Hanle effect in the core of Mg II k enables access to a regime of field strengths where the …

Metasurface-Enabled Astronomical Polarimetry Open

Phillip H. H. Oakley, Rebecca Schindhelm, Sean G. Sellers, R. Casini, Noah A. Rubin · 2025

In the last decade or so, metasurface optical components have received considerable scientific and industrial interest for a variety of applications. The miniaturization afforded by metasurfaces could benefit astronomy in particular (which…

Image Instabilities and Polarization Crosstalk Open

R. Casini, A. G. de Wijn · 2025

We expand on our previous study of the impact of atmospheric seeing on polarization crosstalk, and show how the formalism that was developed in that work can be applied to treat the case of spatial modulators of polarization. Beside formal…

Detection of ``diffuse'' coronal He I1083 during the April 8 2024 Solar Eclipse: evidence for terrestrial atmospheric scattering contribution Open

Momchil Molnar, R. Casini, P. Bryans, Ben Berkey, Karen W. Tyson · 2025

Strong He I 1083 nm atomic line signals have previously been measured during total solar eclipses at coronal heights above the lunar limb. Theserather unexpected measurements have kindled a discussion about the suggested presence of signif…

Spectropolarimetry for Discerning Geometry and Structure in Circumstellar Media of Hot Massive Stars Open

Richard Ignace, K. G. Gayley, R. Casini, Paul A. Scowen, C. Erba , et al. · 2025

Spectropolarimetric techniques are a mainstay of astrophysical inquiry, ranging from Solar System objects to the Cosmic Background Radiation. This review highlights applications of stellar polarimetry for massive hot stars, particularly in…

Spectropolarimetry for Discerning Geometry and Structure in Circumstellar Media of Hot Massive Stars Open

Richard Ignace, K. G. Gayley, R. Casini, Paul A. Scowen, C. Erba , et al. · 2025

Spectropolarimetric techniques are a mainstay of astrophysical inquiry, ranging from Solar System objects to the Cosmic Background Radiation. This review highlights applications of stellar polarimetry for massive hot stars, particularly in…

A Unifying Polarization Formalism for Electric and Magnetic Multipole Interactions Open

R. Casini, R. Manso Sainz, A. López Ariste, N. Kaikati · 2025

We extend the spherical tensorial formalism for polarization to the treatment of electric and magnetic multipole transitions of any order. We rely on the spherical-wave expansion to derive the tensor form of the operator describing the int…

Detection of "diffuse" coronal He I 1083 during the April 8 2024 Solar Eclipse: evidence for terrestrial atmospheric scattering origin Open

Momchil Molnar, R. Casini, P. Bryans, B. Berkey, Karen W. Tyson · 2025

Strong He I 1083 nm atomic line signals have been previously measured during total solar eclipses at coronal heights above the lunar limb. This rather unexpected measurement has kindled a discussion about the hypothesized presence of signi…

Magnetic Diagnostics of Prominence Eruptions through the Hanle Effect of the He i 1083 nm Line Open

Momchil Molnar, R. Casini · 2024

The magnetic field vector of the solar corona is not regularly and comprehensively being measured because of the complexity and degeneracy inherently present in the types of observations currently available. To address some of the current …

Magnetic diagnostics of prominence eruptions through the Hanle effect of the He I 1083 nm line Open

Momchil Molnar, R. Casini · 2024

The magnetic field vector of the solar corona is not regularly and comprehensively being measured, because of the complexity and degeneracy inherently present in the types of observations currently available. To address some of the current…

Magnetic diffusion in solar atmosphere produces measurable electric fields Open

Tetsu Anan, R. Casini, H. Uitenbroek, Thomas A. Schad, H. Socas‐Navarro , et al. · 2024

Erratum: “Analysis of Seeing-induced Polarization Cross-talk and Modulation Scheme Performance” (2012, ApJ, 757, 45) Open

R. Casini, A. G. de Wijn, P. G. Judge · 2024

Extreme-ultraviolet Polarimetric Diagnostics of the Solar Corona: The Hanle Effect of Ne viii 770 Å Open

Raveena Khan, S. E. Gibson, R. Casini, K. Nagaraju · 2024

Magnetic fields are the primary driver of the plasma thermodynamics in the upper solar atmosphere, especially in the corona. However, magnetic field measurements in the solar corona are sporadic, thereby limiting us from the complete under…

EUV polarimetric diagnostics of the solar corona: the Hanle effect of Ne VIII 770 Å Open

Raveena Khan, S. E. Gibson, R. Casini, K. Nagaraju · 2024

Magnetic fields are the primary driver of the plasma thermodynamics in the upper solar atmosphere, especially in the corona. However, magnetic field measurements in the solar corona are sporadic, thereby limiting us from the complete under…

Magnetic Fields and Plasma Heating in the Sun’s Atmosphere Open

P. G. Judge, Lucia Kleint, R. Casini, A. G. de Wijn, Thomas A. Schad , et al. · 2024

We use the first publicly available data from the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope to track magnetic connections from the solar photosphere into the corona. We scrutinize relationships between chromospheric magnetism and bright chromospher…

Magnetic fields and plasma heating in the Sun's atmosphere Open

P. G. Judge, Lucia Kleint, R. Casini, A. G. de Wijn, Thomas A. Schad , et al. · 2023

We use the first publically available data from the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) to track magnetic connections from the solar photosphere into the corona. We scrutinize relationships between chromospheric magnetism and bright c…

Coronal Polarimetry: Determining the Magnetic Origins of Coronal Mass Ejections Open

S. E. Gibson, Urszula Ba̧k-Stȩślicka, R. Casini, Joel Dahlin, E. E. DeLuca , et al. · 2023

Whitepaper #127 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: basic research. Additional topics: ground-based missions/projects; solar physics; space-based missions/projects; user-need-driven basi…

COSMO ChroMag: The Chromosphere and Prominence Magnetometer Open

A. G. de Wijn, S. Tomczyk, J. Burkepile, R. Casini, G. de Toma · 2023

Whitepaper #088 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: space weather applications; basic research. Additional topics: space weather research/operations/research loop; space weather research…

COMPLETE: a flagship mission for complete understanding of 3D coronal magnetic energy release Open

Amir Caspi, Daniel B. Seaton, R. Casini, Cooper Downs, S. E. Gibson , et al. · 2023

COMPLETE is a flagship mission concept combining broadband spectroscopic\nimaging and comprehensive magnetography from multiple viewpoints around the Sun\nto enable tomographic reconstruction of 3D coronal magnetic fields and\nassociated d…

COSMO: The COronal Solar Magnetism Observatory Open

S. Tomczyk, J. Burkepile, R. Casini, Marcel F. Corchado-Albelo, E. E. DeLuca , et al. · 2023

Whitepaper #392 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: space weather applications; infrastructure/workforce/other programmatic. Additional topics: space weather research/applications/operat…

Solar Coronal Polarization Diagnostics with H I Ly-α Open

R. Casini, S. E. Gibson, Urszula Ba̧k-Stȩślicka, Jeffrey Newmark, Silvano Fineschi , et al. · 2023

Whitepaper #047 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: basic research. Additional topics: solar physics; space-based missions/projects; user-need-driven basic space weather research.

Magnetic Energy Powers the Corona: How We Can Understand its 3D Storage & Release Open

Amir Caspi, Daniel B. Seaton, R. Casini, Cooper Downs, S. E. Gibson , et al. · 2023

Synopsis The coronal magnetic field is the prime driver behind many as-yet unsolved mysteries: solar eruptions, coronal heating, and the solar wind, to name a few. It is, however, still poorly observed and understood. We highlight key ques…

Improving Multi-Dimensional Data Formats, Access, and Assimilation Tools for the Twenty-First Century Open

Daniel B. Seaton, Amir Caspi, R. Casini, Cooper Downs, S. E. Gibson , et al. · 2023

Heliophysics image data largely relies on a forty-year-old ecosystem built on\nthe venerable Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) data standard. While many\nin situ measurements use newer standards, they are difficult to integrate with\n…

First Observation of Chromospheric Waves in a Sunspot by DKIST/ViSP: The Anatomy of an Umbral Flash Open

Ryan J. French, Thomas J. Bogdan, R. Casini, A. G. de Wijn, P. G. Judge · 2023

The Visible Spectro-Polarimeter (ViSP) of the NSF Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) collected its Science Verification data on May 7-8, 2021. The instrument observed multiple layers of a sunspot atmosphere simultaneously, in passban…

First Observation of Chromospheric Waves in a Sunspot by DKIST/ViSP: The Anatomy of an Umbral Flash Open

Ryan J. French, Thomas J. Bogdan, R. Casini, A. G. de Wijn, P. G. Judge · 2023

The Visible Spectro-Polarimeter of the NSF Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope collected its Science Verification data on 2021 May 7–8. The instrument observed multiple layers of a sunspot atmosphere simultaneously, in passbands of Ca ii 397 …

Systems Approach to Polarization Calibration for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) Open

David M. Harrington, Stacey R. Sueoka, Thomas A. Schad, C. Beck, Arthur Eigenbrot , et al. · 2023

The Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) advances studies of solar magnetism through high-precision and accuracy in polarimetry at frontier spatial and temporal scales. A system model for polarization response in azimuth and altitude h…

Ultraviolet spectropolarimetry with Polstar: using Polstar to test magnetospheric mass-loss quenching Open

M. E. Shultz, R. Casini, Mark C. M. Cheung, Alexandre David-Uraz, Tanausú del Pino Alemán , et al. · 2022

Optimal Spectral Lines for Measuring Chromospheric Magnetic Fields Open

P. G. Judge, P. Bryans, R. Casini, Lucia Kleint, D. A. Lacatus , et al. · 2022

This paper identifies spectral lines from X-ray to IR wavelengths which are optimally suited to measuring vector magnetic fields as high as possible in the solar atmosphere. Instrumental and Earth's atmospheric properties, as well as solar…

Ultraviolet spectropolarimetry: investigating stellar magnetic field diagnostics Open

C. P. Folsom, Richard Ignace, C. Erba, R. Casini, Tanausú del Pino Alemán , et al. · 2022

R. Casini YOU? Author Swipe