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View article: Impact of Point Density Variation in Aerial Photogrammetric Point Clouds on Feature Extraction for the development of Cultural Heritage Digital Twin
Impact of Point Density Variation in Aerial Photogrammetric Point Clouds on Feature Extraction for the development of Cultural Heritage Digital Twin Open
The development of Digital Twins for cultural heritage applications depends highly on accurate and detailed 3D representations of historical structures. Aerial photogrammetry has emerged as a popular remote sensing technique for capturing …
View article: Structuring Subsurface Knowledge: Data Management and a Modeling Framework for an Integrated Geological and Urban 3D Model — A Case Study for the City Center of Stuttgart
Structuring Subsurface Knowledge: Data Management and a Modeling Framework for an Integrated Geological and Urban 3D Model — A Case Study for the City Center of Stuttgart Open
In subsurface planning of urban areas, the use, management, and exchange of urban and geological data serve as a fundamental basis for collaboration among various specialist in the fields of urban and geological 3D modeling. Therefore, the…
View article: The Influence of 3D Motions on the Efficiency of Children’s Indoor Evacuations
The Influence of 3D Motions on the Efficiency of Children’s Indoor Evacuations Open
During emergency evacuations, children sometimes adopt three-dimensional (3D) motions, such as crawling close to the ground or climbing up/down to obstacles, to pass through restricted spaces or in situations of heightened urgency. Examini…
View article: Accurate room layout estimation from multi-view panoramas with multi-label graph cut
Accurate room layout estimation from multi-view panoramas with multi-label graph cut Open
Estimating room layout from panoramas is a new trend in the holistic reconstruction of the 3D environment. However, a single panorama is easily occluded by walls and furniture, making it hard to reconstruct the whole indoor room accurately…
View article: Simulating 3D pedestrian motions in evacuations under high and low perceived urgency levels
Simulating 3D pedestrian motions in evacuations under high and low perceived urgency levels Open
In emergency evacuations, pedestrians may use 3D motions (e.g., low crawling, climbing up/down) in high-urgency situations or constrained spaces to navigate above or below indoor objects (e.g., tables, chairs). This study explores the infl…
View article: A Conceptual Framework for Updating Urban Infrastructure in City Digital Twins
A Conceptual Framework for Updating Urban Infrastructure in City Digital Twins Open
This work presents a conceptual framework for updating urban infrastructure by separating the update process into two loops, the data loop and the application loop. The key aspect of the data loop is intelligent change detection followed b…
View article: Voxel-based vegetation change detection using multi-source data
Voxel-based vegetation change detection using multi-source data Open
Detecting vegetation changes finds its application in several important areas, including city planning and urban science, climate change and ecological research. Several sensors and approaches can be used to measure the 3D geometry of vege…
View article: Generative AI as a Pillar for Predicting 2D and 3D Wildfire Spread: Beyond Physics-Based Models and Traditional Deep Learning
Generative AI as a Pillar for Predicting 2D and 3D Wildfire Spread: Beyond Physics-Based Models and Traditional Deep Learning Open
Wildfires increasingly threaten human life, ecosystems, and infrastructure, with events like the 2025 Palisades and Eaton fires in Los Angeles County underscoring the urgent need for more advanced prediction frameworks. Existing physics-ba…
View article: LIO-GC: LiDAR Inertial Odometry with Adaptive Ground Constraints
LIO-GC: LiDAR Inertial Odometry with Adaptive Ground Constraints Open
LiDAR-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques are commonly applied in high-precision mapping and positioning for mobile platforms. However, the vertical resolution limitations of multi-beam spinning LiDAR sensors can …
View article: Towards the Autonomous Optimization of Urban Logistics: Training Generative AI with Scientific Tools via Agentic Digital Twins and Model Context Protocol
Towards the Autonomous Optimization of Urban Logistics: Training Generative AI with Scientific Tools via Agentic Digital Twins and Model Context Protocol Open
Optimizing urban freight logistics is critical for developing sustainable, low-carbon cities. Traditional methods often rely on manual coordination of simulation tools, optimization solvers, and expert-driven workflows, limiting their effi…
View article: DeepLabV3+-Based Semantic Annotation Refinement for SLAM in Indoor Environments
DeepLabV3+-Based Semantic Annotation Refinement for SLAM in Indoor Environments Open
Visual SLAM systems frequently encounter challenges in accurately reconstructing three-dimensional scenes from monocular imagery in semantically deficient environments, which significantly compromises robotic operational efficiency. While …
View article: Novel UAV-based 3D reconstruction using dense LiDAR point cloud and imagery: A geometry-aware 3D gaussian splatting approach
Novel UAV-based 3D reconstruction using dense LiDAR point cloud and imagery: A geometry-aware 3D gaussian splatting approach Open
The emergence of 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has recently marked a transformative shift in the realms of 3D representation, efficient rendering, and novel view synthesis. Despite its advancements, the geometric precision, photometric cons…
View article: Evacuation Behavioural Instructions with 3D Motions: Insights from Three Use Cases
Evacuation Behavioural Instructions with 3D Motions: Insights from Three Use Cases Open
During emergency evacuations, pedestrians may use three-dimensional (3D) motions, such as low crawling and climbing up/down, to navigate above or below indoor objects (e.g., tables, chairs, and stair flights). Understanding how these motio…
View article: Indoor Localization Methods for Smartphones with Multi-Source Sensors Fusion: Tasks, Challenges, Strategies, and Perspectives
Indoor Localization Methods for Smartphones with Multi-Source Sensors Fusion: Tasks, Challenges, Strategies, and Perspectives Open
Positioning information greatly enhances the convenience of people’s lives and the efficiency of societal operations. However, due to the impact of complex indoor environments, GNSS signals suffer from multipath effects, blockages, and att…
View article: Enhancing outdoor long-distance matching in mobile AR: A continuous and real-time geo-registration approach
Enhancing outdoor long-distance matching in mobile AR: A continuous and real-time geo-registration approach Open
Geo-registration is a fundamental process seamlessly integrating digital information within the physical world in Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR). Achieving high precision, real-time capability, and strong adaptability in geo-registration i…
View article: A Review of Indoor Localization Methods for Smartphone with Multi-source Sensors Fusion
A Review of Indoor Localization Methods for Smartphone with Multi-source Sensors Fusion Open
Smartphone indoor positioning and navigation is a crucial technology for realizing indoor location services. The fusion of multi-source sensors in complex indoor scenarios benefits from the complementary advantages of various sensors and h…
View article: Near-realtime Location Specific Messaging During Extreme Bushfire Events
Near-realtime Location Specific Messaging During Extreme Bushfire Events Open
Providing information to emergency responders and citizens is one of the most critical aspects during bushfire events. In many cases ground-based infrastructure might be malfunctioning or destroyed and satellite communication might appear …
View article: Developing a Workflow for Transforming BIM Models into Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences
Developing a Workflow for Transforming BIM Models into Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences Open
The integration of Extended Reality (XR) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing interaction with spatial data in the built environment. While the potential of BIM for advanced visualizati…
View article: Development of 3D UDTs for Traffic Monitoring in Unreal 5 Game Engine
Development of 3D UDTs for Traffic Monitoring in Unreal 5 Game Engine Open
Digital Twins recently, are a much regarded research topic in geospatial engineering, offering great potential for optimization of a variety of interrelated processes in urban environments. A major component of a Digital Twin use case is r…
View article: Assessing Photo-Voltaic Potential in Urban Environments: A Comparative Study between Aerial Photogrammetry and LiDAR Technologies
Assessing Photo-Voltaic Potential in Urban Environments: A Comparative Study between Aerial Photogrammetry and LiDAR Technologies Open
Urban development and population growth have significantly increased energy demands, predominantly met by non-renewable resources, negatively impacting nature and climate. Consequently, there has been a global shift towards renewable energ…
View article: Voxel Size Performance in 3D Indoor Model Creation for 3D Evacuation Simulations
Voxel Size Performance in 3D Indoor Model Creation for 3D Evacuation Simulations Open
3D voxel models facilitate simulating 3D pedestrian motions within indoor environments with diverse furniture, equipment, and complex room layouts featuring stairs and ramps. Reasonable voxel sizes enable the effective identifications of i…
View article: Evaluating the Potential of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) and Solar Energy in Urban Built Environments with Aerial Photogrammetry Dataset
Evaluating the Potential of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) and Solar Energy in Urban Built Environments with Aerial Photogrammetry Dataset Open
The process of urbanisation has a significant impact on climate change, with projections indicating that over 70% of the global population will live in cities by 2050. The challenges associated with climate change impacts on urban areas in…
View article: A 3D Spatial Model to integrate Stormwater Drainage Design into Public Space
A 3D Spatial Model to integrate Stormwater Drainage Design into Public Space Open
This paper explores the integration of water sensitive urban design within public space planning using integrated 3D digital technologies. In traditional design processes, drainage and public space design often utilise distinct software an…
View article: Pedestrian Path Choice in Crowded Indoor Environments
Pedestrian Path Choice in Crowded Indoor Environments Open
Indoor crowds can be regarded as dynamic obstacles and they could impede the movement of pedestrians. For instance, the scope of crowds could significantly impact accurate path choices. There are few discussions from an individual’s perspe…