Explanipedia

AcrIF11 is a potent CRISPR-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase encoded by phage and plasmid Open

Daphne Chen, Leah T. Roe, Yuping Li, Adair L. Borges, Jenny Y. Zhang , et al. · 2025

Phage-encoded anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins inhibit CRISPR-Cas systems, allowing phage replication and lysogeny maintenance. Most of the Acrs characterized to date are stable stoichiometric inhibitors. While enzymatic Acrs have been character…

Astromaterials Exploration Through Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy Open

R. M. Stroud · 2025

Variations of organic functional chemistry in carbonaceous matter from the asteroid 162173 Ryugu Open

B. T. De Gregorio, George D. Cody, R. M. Stroud, A. L. D. Kilcoyne, Scott A. Sandford , et al. · 2024

Incipient space weathering on asteroid 162173 Ryugu recorded by pyrrhotite Open

Dennis Harries, Toru Matsumoto, F. Langenhorst, T. Noguchi, Akira Miyake , et al. · 2024

Regolith samples returned from asteroid 162173 Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 mission provide direct means to study how space weathering operates on the surfaces of hydrous asteroids. The mechanisms of space weathering, its effects on mineral surf…

Microscale hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen isotopic diversity of organic matter in asteroid Ryugu Open

L. R. Nittler, Jens Barosch, Katherine Burgess, R. M. Stroud, Jianhua Wang , et al. · 2024

International audience

Microscale Hydrogen, Carbon, and Nitrogen Isotopic Diversity of Organic Matter in Asteroid Ryugu Open

L. R. Nittler, Jens Barosch, Katherine Burgess, R. M. Stroud, Jianhua Wang , et al. · 2024

We report the H, C, and N isotopic compositions of microscale (0.2 to 2$μ$m) organic matter in samples of asteroid Ryugu and the Orgueil CI carbonaceous chondrite. Three regolith particles of asteroid Ryugu, returned by the Hayabusa2 space…

Helium reservoirs in iron nanoparticles on the lunar surface Open

Brittany A. Cymes, Katherine Burgess, R. M. Stroud · 2024

The Moon’s surface is directly exposed to the space environment and subject to alteration by space weathering. One agent of space weathering, the solar wind, enriches the lunar surface with helium. Although we understand how helium is deli…

Meteoritical Society Open

Nancy Chabot, G. J. Consolmagno, B. Zanda, Past Presdent, J. Zipfel , et al. · 2024

AFM-IR nanospectroscopy of nanoglobule-like particles in Ryugu samples returned by the Hayabusa2 mission Open

Jérémie Mathurin, Laure Bejach, E. Dartois, C. Engrand, Alexandre Dazzi , et al. · 2024

Context . The JAXA Hayabusa2 mission returned well-preserved samples collected from the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu, providing unique non-terrestrially weathered samples from a known parent body. Aims . This work aims to provide a better u…

Electron microscopy observations of the diversity of Ryugu organic matter and its relationship to minerals at the micro‐ to nano‐scale Open

R. M. Stroud, Jens Barosch, L. Bonal, Katherine Burgess, George D. Cody , et al. · 2024

Transmission electron microscopy analyses of Hayabusa2 samples show that Ryugu organic matter exhibits a range of morphologies, elemental compositions, and carbon functional chemistries consistent with those of carbonaceous chondrites that…

In situ investigation of an organic micro‐globule and its mineralogical context within a Ryugu “sand” grain Open

Van T. H. Phan, Pierre Beck, Rolando Rebois, É. Quirico, T. Noguchi , et al. · 2024

The Hayabusa2 mission from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) returned to the Earth samples of carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu. This mission offers a unique opportunity to investigate in the laboratory samples from a C‐type…

Four‐dimensional‐STEM analysis of the phyllosilicate‐rich matrix of Ryugu samples Open

Bahae‐Eddine Mouloud, Damien Jacob, Francisco de la Peña, Maya Marinova, Corentin Le Guillou , et al. · 2024

Ryugu asteroid grains brought back to the Earth by the Hayabusa2 space mission are pristine samples containing hydrated minerals and organic compounds. Here, we investigate the mineralogy of their phyllosilicate‐rich matrix with four‐dimen…

Explosive Nucleosynthesis in Core-collapse Type II Supernovae: Insights from New C, N, Si, and Al–Mg Isotopic Compositions of Presolar Grains Open

Nan Liu, C. M. O'd. Alexander, B. S. Meyer, L. R. Nittler, Jianhua Wang , et al. · 2024

We report C, N, Si, and Al–Mg isotope data for 39 presolar X silicon carbide (SiC) and four silicon nitride grains—a group of presolar grains that condensed in the remnants of core-collapse Type II supernovae (CCSNe)—isolated from the Murc…

Explosive Nucleosynthesis in Core-Collapse Type II Supernovae: Insights from new C, N, Si, and Al-Mg isotopic compositions of presolar grains Open

Nan Liu, C. M. O'd. Alexander, B. S. Meyer, L. R. Nittler, Jianhua Wang , et al. · 2023

We report C, N, Si, and Al-Mg isotope data for 39 presolar X silicon carbide (SiC) and four silicon nitride grains - a group of presolar grains that condensed in the remnants of core-collapse Type II supernovae (CCSNe) - isolated from the …

Influx of nitrogen-rich material from the outer Solar System indicated by iron nitride in Ryugu samples Open

Toru Matsumoto, T. Noguchi, Akira Miyake, Yohei Igami, Mitsutaka Haruta , et al. · 2023

Mineralogy and petrology of fine‐grained samples recovered from the asteroid (162173) Ryugu Open

T. Noguchi, Toru Matsumoto, Akira Miyake, Yohei Igami, Mitsutaka Haruta , et al. · 2023

Samples returned from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 mission revealed that Ryugu is composed of materials consistent with CI chondrites and some types of space weathering. We report detailed mineralogy of the fin…

Hydrogen-bearing vesicles in space weathered lunar calcium-phosphates Open

Katherine Burgess, Brittany A. Cymes, R. M. Stroud · 2023

Water on the surface of the Moon is a potentially vital resource for future lunar bases and longer-range space exploration. Effective use of the resource depends on developing an understanding of where and how within the regolith the water…

Phyllosilicates with embedded Fe‐based nanophases in Ryugu and Orgueil Open

Hugues Leroux, Corentin Le Guillou, Maya Marinova, Sylvain Laforet, Jean‐Christophe Viennet , et al. · 2023

Samples were recently collected from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu, by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Hayabusa2 mission. They resemble CI chondrites material, thus showing clear evidence of extensive aqueous alter…

Compositional heterogeneity of insoluble organic matter extracted from asteroid Ryugu samples Open

É. Quirico, L. Bonal, Yoko Kebukawa, Kana Amano, Hikaru Yabuta , et al. · 2023

We report a Fourier transform infrared analysis of functional groups in insoluble organic matter (IOM) extracted from a series of 100–500 μm Ryugu grains collected during the two touchdowns of February 22 and July 11, 2019. IOM extracted f…

Coordinated Analysis of Organic Matter-Mineral Relationships in Returned Samples from Asteroid Ryugu Open

R. M. Stroud, B. T. De Gregorio, Kevin Burgess, Jens Barosch, L. R. Nittler , et al. · 2023

Direct Positioning of Point Defects in 3D Materials Using STEM Open

Bethany M. Hudak, Alexander Markevich, Toma Susi, Andrew R. Lupini, R. M. Stroud · 2023

Journal Article Direct Positioning of Point Defects in 3D Materials Using STEM Get access Bethany M Hudak, Bethany M Hudak Material Sciences and Technology, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA Corresponding author: bethany.hudak…

Atomically Precise Detection and Manipulation of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Nanodiamonds Open

Bethany M. Hudak, R. M. Stroud · 2023

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds are a promising quantum communication system offering robust and discrete single photon emission, but a more thorough understanding of properties of the NV centers is critical for real world im…

Re-distribution of volatiles on the airless surface of the C-type carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu. Open

Toru Matsumoto, T. Noguchi, Akira Miyake, Yohei Igami, Mitsutaka Haruta , et al. · 2023

Volatile components are abundant in carbonaceous asteroids and can be important tracers for the evolution of asteroid surfaces interacting with the space environment, but their behavior on airless surfaces is poorly understood. Samples fro…

Chemical composition of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu from synchrotron spectroscopy in the mid- to far-infrared of Hayabusa2-returned samples Open

E. Dartois, Yoko Kebukawa, Hikaru Yabuta, Jérémie Mathurin, C. Engrand , et al. · 2023

Context. The current period is conducive to exploring our Solar System's origins with recent and future space sample return missions, which provide invaluable information from known Solar System asteroids and comets The Hayabusa2 mission o…

Macromolecular organic matter in samples of the asteroid (162173) Ryugu Open

Hikaru Yabuta, George D. Cody, C. Engrand, Yoko Kebukawa, B. T. De Gregorio , et al. · 2023

Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu were collected and brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We investigated the macromolecular organic matter in Ryugu samples and found that it contains aromatic and aliphatic carbo…

Nonequilibrium spherulitic magnetite in the Ryugu samples Open

E. Dobrică, H. A. Ishii, J. P. Bradley, Kenta K. Ohtaki, A. J. Brearley , et al. · 2023

Tracing the history of an unusual compound presolar grain from progenitor star to asteroid parent body host Open

S. A. Singerling, L. R. Nittler, Jens Barosch, E. Dobrică, A. J. Brearley , et al. · 2023

Tracing the history of an unusual compound presolar grain from progenitor star to asteroid parent body host Open

S. A. Singerling, L. R. Nittler, Jens Barosch, E. Dobrică, A. J. Brearley , et al. · 2023

We conducted a TEM study of an unusual oxide-silicate composite presolar grain (F2-8) from the unequilibrated ordinary chondrite Semarkona. The presolar composite grain is relatively large, has an amoeboidal shape, and contains Mg-rich oli…

Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) data from two pyroxene grains from Apollo 17 soil 71501 Open

Brittany A. Cymes, Katherine Burgess, R. M. Stroud · 2022

This dataset contains hyperspectral EELS and EDS data for two pyroxene grains from Apollo 17 soil 71501 as well as iron oxidation state standards used in the original article "Detection of ferric iron in an exsolved lunar pyroxene using el…

Detection of ferric iron in an exsolved lunar pyroxene using electron energy loss spectroscopy (<span>EELS</span>): Implications for space weathering and redox conditions on the Moon Open

Brittany A. Cymes, Katherine Burgess, R. M. Stroud · 2022

To shed light on the mechanism of formation of nanophase iron particles (npFe) in space‐weathered materials from airless bodies, we analyzed exsolved and unexsolved space‐weathered lunar pyroxenes from Apollo 17 sample 71501. The exsolved …

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