R. T. Zijlstra
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View article: Nutrient Balancing by a Wild Browsing Herbivore: Nutritional Geometry of Snowshoe Hares ( <i>Lepus americanus</i> )
Nutrient Balancing by a Wild Browsing Herbivore: Nutritional Geometry of Snowshoe Hares ( <i>Lepus americanus</i> ) Open
Browsing herbivores must consider food digestibility while balancing the intake of multiple nutrients (i.e., protein and energy) simultaneously. Nutritional Geometry (NG) is a framework that is used to assess how nutrients interact to impa…
View article: 38 Increasing dietary amylose increases hindgut fermentation of starch and thereby alters microbial metabolites, gut immunity, and energy metabolism in weaned pigs.
38 Increasing dietary amylose increases hindgut fermentation of starch and thereby alters microbial metabolites, gut immunity, and energy metabolism in weaned pigs. Open
Starch with increasing ratio of amylose to amylopectin decreases ileal starch digestibility in pigs. Microbes in the large intestine ferment undigested starch producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Benefits of SCFA for gut health stimul…
View article: Food Fermentation: an essential unit operation towards secure, sustainable, safe, and sustaining food systems
Food Fermentation: an essential unit operation towards secure, sustainable, safe, and sustaining food systems Open
View article: Nutrient Profile, Energy Digestibility in Pigs, and In Vitro Degradation Characteristics of Wheat Flour Milling Co-Products
Nutrient Profile, Energy Digestibility in Pigs, and In Vitro Degradation Characteristics of Wheat Flour Milling Co-Products Open
Using wheat flour milling (WFM) co-products in pig diets may reduce feed cost. Still, energy digestibility is lower for WFM co-products than for feed grains. Inadequate information exists about their fermentation characteristics and the re…
View article: Feeding novel low vicine and covicine, mid- or zero-tannin faba bean cultivars on energy, starch, protein and amino acid digestibility in growing pigs
Feeding novel low vicine and covicine, mid- or zero-tannin faba bean cultivars on energy, starch, protein and amino acid digestibility in growing pigs Open
View article: 267 Effect of dietary cereal β-glucan on digestive physiology, gut health, and growth in pigs
267 Effect of dietary cereal β-glucan on digestive physiology, gut health, and growth in pigs Open
To manage gut health in pigs, dietary β-glucans from small grains have been explored for their functional characteristics. The Canadian Prairies and Northern Great Plains in the USA are prime production areas for small grains. Of these gra…
View article: 110 Effect of reducing dietary acid-binding capacity on nutrient digestibility in ileal-cannulated weaned pigs
110 Effect of reducing dietary acid-binding capacity on nutrient digestibility in ileal-cannulated weaned pigs Open
Piglets at weaning secrete insufficient gastric acid, leading to high gastric pH that may impede protein digestion and increase risks for bacterial infections. Reducing dietary acid-binding capacity (ABC) may alleviate this issue. Previous…
View article: Feeding Frost-Damaged or Non-Frost-Damaged, Hulled or Dehulled, Mid- or Zero-Tannin Faba Bean on Diet Nutrient Digestibility and Growth Performance of Weaned Pigs
Feeding Frost-Damaged or Non-Frost-Damaged, Hulled or Dehulled, Mid- or Zero-Tannin Faba Bean on Diet Nutrient Digestibility and Growth Performance of Weaned Pigs Open
View article: Feeding Novel Low Vicine and Covicine, Mid- or Zero-Tannin Faba Bean Cultivars on Energy, Starch, Protein and Amino Acid Digestibility in Growing Pigs
Feeding Novel Low Vicine and Covicine, Mid- or Zero-Tannin Faba Bean Cultivars on Energy, Starch, Protein and Amino Acid Digestibility in Growing Pigs Open
View article: Fungal Phytase Increased Ileal and Total Tract Digestibility of Phosphorus of Cold-Pressed Canola Cake and Canola Meal Diets in Growing Pigs
Fungal Phytase Increased Ileal and Total Tract Digestibility of Phosphorus of Cold-Pressed Canola Cake and Canola Meal Diets in Growing Pigs Open
The co-product canola meal contains little fat and has been used in swine production as a protein source for several decades. More recently, locally produced canola cake has also become available that contains important quantities of resid…
View article: Feeding a Multi-Enzyme Blend to Enhance the Nutrient Digestibility of Wheat-Canola Expeller Diets in Ileal-Cannulated Weaned Pigs
Feeding a Multi-Enzyme Blend to Enhance the Nutrient Digestibility of Wheat-Canola Expeller Diets in Ileal-Cannulated Weaned Pigs Open
Canola expeller (CE) contains ~200 g/kg residual oil, but also fiber that impairs nutrient digestibility in weaned pigs. To study if feed enzymes increase digestibility, six diets containing either the basal or two CE samples mixed in at 2…
View article: 136 Effects of acid-binding capacity in low-zinc diets on growth performance of weaned pigs
136 Effects of acid-binding capacity in low-zinc diets on growth performance of weaned pigs Open
Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) of piglets remains a concern in the pork industry. Historically, PWD has been controlled with dietary solutions such as antibiotics as growth promotors and high dietary inclusion of ZnO. However, such use of ant…
View article: 168 Effects of feeding barley-based diets differing in fermentable starch and fiber on nutrient digestion and body composition in weaned pigs
168 Effects of feeding barley-based diets differing in fermentable starch and fiber on nutrient digestion and body composition in weaned pigs Open
Hulled and hull-less barley grains containing low insoluble fiber are alternative energy sources in weaning diets but are typically not part of weaned pig diets. The range in fermentable starch and fiber content among barley cultivars pres…
View article: Effect of extrusion on energy and nutrient digestibility of lentil-based diets containing either supplemental plant or animal protein fed to growing pigs
Effect of extrusion on energy and nutrient digestibility of lentil-based diets containing either supplemental plant or animal protein fed to growing pigs Open
Non-food grade and excess lentil grain production may be included in swine feeds to provide starch and protein and reduce feed cost. Extrusion processing may increase energy and nutrient digestibility of lentil-based diets containing eithe…
View article: Energy, Nutrient Digestibility and Effect of Increasing Dietary Inclusion of Hull-Less Oats Replacing Wheat Grain on Growth Performance of Weanling Pigs
Energy, Nutrient Digestibility and Effect of Increasing Dietary Inclusion of Hull-Less Oats Replacing Wheat Grain on Growth Performance of Weanling Pigs Open
View article: 191 Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Fecal Metabolites, and Feces Quality of Pulse-Based Vegan Dog Foods with Or Without Added Enzymes in Adult Dogs and Comparison to Digestibility from a Pig Model
191 Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Fecal Metabolites, and Feces Quality of Pulse-Based Vegan Dog Foods with Or Without Added Enzymes in Adult Dogs and Comparison to Digestibility from a Pig Model Open
Consumer demand for vegetarian and vegan dog foods is increasing. These specialty diets may rely on alternative plant-based protein sources such as pulses and pulse protein concentrates instead of animal protein to meet amino acid (AA) req…
View article: 168 Bentley Lecture: Feeding Co-Products to Pigs to Reach Sustainable Food Production and Reduce Feed Cost
168 Bentley Lecture: Feeding Co-Products to Pigs to Reach Sustainable Food Production and Reduce Feed Cost Open
Changes occurred in the last two pandemic years that resulted in tremendous pressures on feedstuff supply. In Canada, causes for reduced cereal, pulse, and oilseed grain supply included a failed crop harvest in Western Canada in 2021 and i…
View article: Review: The amazing gain-to-feed ratio of newly weaned piglets: sign of efficiency or deficiency?
Review: The amazing gain-to-feed ratio of newly weaned piglets: sign of efficiency or deficiency? Open
Shortly after weaning, piglets generally eat dry feed poorly; but nevertheless, a phenomenal gain-to-feed ratio is achieved as they gain about as much weight as they eat (150-200 g/d). The high gain-to-feed ratio, though, cannot be explain…
View article: Eat like a Pig to Combat Obesity
Eat like a Pig to Combat Obesity Open
Obesity and related metabolic health issues are a growing human threat, with many theories regarding its causes. In swine, physiologically alike to humans, considerable knowledge on obesity mechanisms has been accumulated. Calorie counting…
View article: Effect of increasing dietary fermentable fiber on diet nutrient digestibility and estimation of endogenous phosphorus losses in growing pigs
Effect of increasing dietary fermentable fiber on diet nutrient digestibility and estimation of endogenous phosphorus losses in growing pigs Open
Fermentable fiber may increase endogenous losses of phosphorus (EPL) and amino acids (AA), thereby reducing apparent nutrient digestibility. Acacia gum with medium-to-high fermentability and low viscosity was increasingly included in diets…
View article: Feeding coproducts to pigs to reduce feed cost and reach sustainable food production
Feeding coproducts to pigs to reduce feed cost and reach sustainable food production Open
View article: Alternative ingredients and their feeding in swine and poultry production
Alternative ingredients and their feeding in swine and poultry production Open
With the increase in global human population, people living longer, and relocating from the countryside to urban centres, it is expected that the demand for animal food products will increase. Animal production competes with humans for bas…
View article: Dietary benzoic acid and supplemental enzymes alter fiber-fermenting taxa and metabolites in the cecum of weaned pigs
Dietary benzoic acid and supplemental enzymes alter fiber-fermenting taxa and metabolites in the cecum of weaned pigs Open
Inclusion of enzymes and organic acids in pig diets is an important strategy supporting decreased antibiotic usage in pork production. However, limited knowledge exists about how these additives impact intestinal microbes and their metabol…
View article: 240 Nutritional Intervention to Improve Carbohydrate Utilization and gut Health in Pigs
240 Nutritional Intervention to Improve Carbohydrate Utilization and gut Health in Pigs Open
In swine production, using feed antibiotics as antimicrobial growth promotants has been reduced; thus, feed alternatives to manage gut health are required. Dietary fiber, resistant starch, oligosaccharides, and exopolysaccharides are carbo…
View article: 168 Evaluation and Improvement of the Nutritional Value of Cereal and Pulse Grains for Swine
168 Evaluation and Improvement of the Nutritional Value of Cereal and Pulse Grains for Swine Open
Feed represents the greatest variable cost of swine production, with feed energy as its largest component. In most swine production systems, cereal grains such as corn, wheat, or barley provide historically the most energy in feed. Cereal …
View article: 169 Evaluation and Improvement of the Nutritional Value of co-Products for Swine
169 Evaluation and Improvement of the Nutritional Value of co-Products for Swine Open
Feed accounts for the greatest portion of swine production costs, and feed cost has been increasing during the last decades due to increased competition of feed ingredients with the food and biofuel industry. Exposure to climate change is …
View article: Effect of Fiber Fermentation and Protein Digestion Kinetics on Mineral Digestion in Pigs
Effect of Fiber Fermentation and Protein Digestion Kinetics on Mineral Digestion in Pigs Open
Nutrient kinetic data and the timing of nutrient release along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), are not yet widely used in current feed formulations for pigs and poultry. The present review focuses on interactions between fermentable subs…
View article: Cereal grain fiber composition modifies phosphorus digestibility in grower pigs
Cereal grain fiber composition modifies phosphorus digestibility in grower pigs Open
Increased fermentable carbohydrates (e.g., β-glucan, amylose) may increase endogenous losses including for P, and thereby reduce apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P. The present study assessed effects of barley cultivars varying…
View article: 29 Nutritional Interventions for Intestinal Health of Nursery Pigs: Carbohydrates
29 Nutritional Interventions for Intestinal Health of Nursery Pigs: Carbohydrates Open
In swine production, using feed antibiotics as antimicrobial growth promotants has been reduced; thus, feed alternatives to manage gut health are required to prevent post-weaning diarrhea. Dietary fiber, resistant starch, oligosaccharides,…
View article: Effect of feeding mid- or zero-tannin faba bean cultivars differing in vicine and covicine content on diet nutrient digestibility and growth performance of weaned pigs
Effect of feeding mid- or zero-tannin faba bean cultivars differing in vicine and covicine content on diet nutrient digestibility and growth performance of weaned pigs Open
To prioritize what cultivars to grow to feed pigs, five faba bean cultivars including three zero-tannin, high vicine and covicine cultivars (Snowbird, Snowdrop, Tabasco), and two medium-tannin, lower vicine and covicine cultivars (Fabelle …