Rachel L. Spreng
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View article: Transient regulatory T cell manipulation is limited by anti-antibody responses in HIV-1 envelope immunized rhesus macaques
Transient regulatory T cell manipulation is limited by anti-antibody responses in HIV-1 envelope immunized rhesus macaques Open
CD25+ FoxP3+ CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells promote immune tolerance. We studied germinal center responses and HIV-1 antibody development in rhesus macaques (RMs) immunized with sequential CH505 gp120 envel…
View article: Development of DNA and mRNA-LNP vaccines against an H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b influenza virus
Development of DNA and mRNA-LNP vaccines against an H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b influenza virus Open
Effective vaccines are an important public health tool which may be needed to combat the emerging, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses currently circulating in cattle and poultry in the United States. While nucleic acid-based va…
View article: A Pentavalent HIV-1 Subtype C Vaccine Containing Computationally Selected gp120 Strains Improves the Breadth of V1V2 Region Responses
A Pentavalent HIV-1 Subtype C Vaccine Containing Computationally Selected gp120 Strains Improves the Breadth of V1V2 Region Responses Open
Background: HIV-1 envelope (Env) variable loops 1 and 2 (V1V2) directed non-neutralizing antibodies were a correlate of decreased transmission risk in the RV144 vaccine trial. Thus, the elicitation and breadth of antibody responses against…
View article: Administration of antigenically distinct influenza viral particle combinations as an influenza vaccine strategy
Administration of antigenically distinct influenza viral particle combinations as an influenza vaccine strategy Open
One approach for developing a more universal influenza vaccine is to elicit strong immune responses against canonically immunosubdominant epitopes in the surface exposed viral glycoproteins. While standard vaccines typically induce respons…
View article: GeM-LR: Discovering predictive biomarkers for small datasets in vaccine studies
GeM-LR: Discovering predictive biomarkers for small datasets in vaccine studies Open
Despite significant progress in vaccine research, the level of protection provided by vaccination can vary significantly across individuals. As a result, understanding immunologic variation across individuals in response to vaccination is …
View article: Safety of Simultaneous vs Sequential mRNA COVID-19 and Inactivated Influenza Vaccines
Safety of Simultaneous vs Sequential mRNA COVID-19 and Inactivated Influenza Vaccines Open
Importance Limited randomized clinical trial data exist on the safety of simultaneous administration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. Objective To compare the reactogenicity, safety, and changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL)…
View article: Improved influenza vaccine responses after expression of multiple viral glycoproteins from a single mRNA
Improved influenza vaccine responses after expression of multiple viral glycoproteins from a single mRNA Open
Influenza viruses cause substantial morbidity and mortality every year despite seasonal vaccination. mRNA-based vaccines have the potential to elicit more protective immune responses, but for maximal breadth and durability, it is desirable…
View article: Identification of RTS,S/AS01 vaccine–induced humoral biomarkers predictive of protection against controlled human malaria infection
Identification of RTS,S/AS01 vaccine–induced humoral biomarkers predictive of protection against controlled human malaria infection Open
BACKGROUNDThe mechanism(s) responsible for the efficacy of WHO-recommended malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01 are not completely understood. We previously identified RTS,S vaccine-induced Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-specific (Pf…
View article: Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques
Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques Open
Rhesus macaques (RMs) are a common pre-clinical model used to test HIV vaccine efficacy and passive immunization strategies. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent the Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions impacting antiviral activities of ant…
View article: Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques - dataset
Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques - dataset Open
Dataset from Tuyishime M, Spreng RL, et al. Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques. Frontiers in Immunology 2023 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260377
View article: Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques - dataset
Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques - dataset Open
Dataset from Tuyishime M, Spreng RL, et al. Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques. Frontiers in Immunology 2023 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260377
View article: Viral vector delivered immunogen focuses HIV-1 antibody specificity and increases durability of the circulating antibody recall response
Viral vector delivered immunogen focuses HIV-1 antibody specificity and increases durability of the circulating antibody recall response Open
The modestly efficacious HIV-1 vaccine regimen (RV144) conferred 31% vaccine efficacy at 3 years following the four-shot immunization series, coupled with rapid waning of putative immune correlates of decreased infection risk. New strategi…
View article: A tool for evaluating heterogeneity in avidity of polyclonal antibodies
A tool for evaluating heterogeneity in avidity of polyclonal antibodies Open
Diversity in specificity of polyclonal antibody (pAb) responses is extensively investigated in vaccine efficacy or immunological evaluations, but the heterogeneity in antibody avidity is rarely probed as convenient tools are lacking. Here …
View article: Impact of adjuvants on the biophysical and functional characteristics of HIV vaccine-elicited antibodies in humans
Impact of adjuvants on the biophysical and functional characteristics of HIV vaccine-elicited antibodies in humans Open
View article: Polyclonal Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Activity Characterized by CD4 Binding Site and V3-Glycan Antibodies in a Subset of HIV-1 Virus Controllers
Polyclonal Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Activity Characterized by CD4 Binding Site and V3-Glycan Antibodies in a Subset of HIV-1 Virus Controllers Open
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs ha…
View article: Subclass and avidity of circumsporozoite protein specific antibodies associate with protection status against malaria infection
Subclass and avidity of circumsporozoite protein specific antibodies associate with protection status against malaria infection Open
View article: Comprehensive Data Integration Approach to Assess Immune Responses and Correlates of RTS,S/AS01-Mediated Protection From Malaria Infection in Controlled Human Malaria Infection Trials
Comprehensive Data Integration Approach to Assess Immune Responses and Correlates of RTS,S/AS01-Mediated Protection From Malaria Infection in Controlled Human Malaria Infection Trials Open
RTS,S/AS01 (GSK) is the world’s first malaria vaccine. However, despite initial efficacy of almost 70% over the first 6 months of follow-up, efficacy waned over time. A deeper understanding of the immune features that contribute to RTS,S/A…
View article: Functional Homology for Antibody-Dependent Phagocytosis Across Humans and Rhesus Macaques
Functional Homology for Antibody-Dependent Phagocytosis Across Humans and Rhesus Macaques Open
Analyses of human clinical HIV-1 vaccine trials and preclinical vaccine studies performed in rhesus macaque (RM) models have identified associations between non-neutralizing Fc Receptor (FcR)-dependent antibody effector functions and reduc…
View article: Neutralizing antibody vaccine for pandemic and pre-emergent coronaviruses
Neutralizing antibody vaccine for pandemic and pre-emergent coronaviruses Open
View article: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces neutralizing antibodies against pandemic and pre-emergent SARS-related coronaviruses in monkeys
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces neutralizing antibodies against pandemic and pre-emergent SARS-related coronaviruses in monkeys Open
SUMMARY Betacoronaviruses (betaCoVs) caused the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreaks, and now the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Vaccines that elicit protective immune responses against SARS-…
View article: SIMON: Open-Source Knowledge Discovery Platform
SIMON: Open-Source Knowledge Discovery Platform Open
View article: Magnitude, Specificity, and Avidity of Sporozoite-Specific Antibodies Associate With Protection Status and Distinguish Among RTS,S/AS01 Dose Regimens
Magnitude, Specificity, and Avidity of Sporozoite-Specific Antibodies Associate With Protection Status and Distinguish Among RTS,S/AS01 Dose Regimens Open
Background The malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, demonstrated an enhanced efficacy (86.7%) in a delayed third fractional dose (0.1.7Fx) regimen in controlled human malaria infection trials compared with a standard full-dose (0.1.2) regimen (62.…
View article: Vi-specific serological correlates of protection for typhoid fever
Vi-specific serological correlates of protection for typhoid fever Open
Typhoid Vi vaccines have been shown to be efficacious in children living in endemic regions; however, a widely accepted correlate of protection remains to be established. We applied a systems serology approach to identify Vi-specific serol…
View article: SIMON: open-source knowledge discovery platform
SIMON: open-source knowledge discovery platform Open
Data analysis and knowledge discovery has become more and more important in biology and medicine with the increasing complexity of the biological datasets, but necessarily sophisticated programming skills and in-depth understanding of algo…
View article: HIV-1 Vaccine Sequences Impact V1V2 Antibody Responses: A Comparison of Two Poxvirus Prime gp120 Boost Vaccine Regimens
HIV-1 Vaccine Sequences Impact V1V2 Antibody Responses: A Comparison of Two Poxvirus Prime gp120 Boost Vaccine Regimens Open
View article: IgA and IgG1 Specific to Vi Polysaccharide of Salmonella Typhi Correlate With Protection Status in a Typhoid Fever Controlled Human Infection Model
IgA and IgG1 Specific to Vi Polysaccharide of Salmonella Typhi Correlate With Protection Status in a Typhoid Fever Controlled Human Infection Model Open
Vaccination against Salmonella Typhi using the Vi capsular polysaccharide, a T-cell independent antigen, can protect from the development of typhoid fever. This implies that antibodies to Vi alone can protect in the absence of a T c…