Rashid Ahmed
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View article: The prevalence and causes of decreased visual acuity among medical students of Al Neelain University Sudan, 2021
The prevalence and causes of decreased visual acuity among medical students of Al Neelain University Sudan, 2021 Open
Background: visual acuity is defined as the sharpness or clarity of vision, which is the measure of the ability of the eye to see and distinguish fine details. Reduced visual acuity, due to a reduced ability of the lens in the eye to focus…
View article: Prevalence of PTSD among Sudanese children who survived war, 2024–2025
Prevalence of PTSD among Sudanese children who survived war, 2024–2025 Open
This cross-sectional survey assessed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in children displaced by the recent Sudan conflict. A random sample of n = 200 children (ages 7–18) in a displacement center in Atbara, River Nile State, w…
View article: Transtheoretical Model-based Interventions are Effective in Promoting Healthy Behaviors Related to Modifiable Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases: A Systematic Review
Transtheoretical Model-based Interventions are Effective in Promoting Healthy Behaviors Related to Modifiable Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases: A Systematic Review Open
Introduction: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart diseases, type II diabetes mellitus, cancers, and stroke represent significant public health challenges globally. Modifiable risk factors, including insufficient physical activity…
View article: Outcomes of Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in the Past Decade
Outcomes of Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in the Past Decade Open
Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that represent approximately 1 to 2 percent of primary gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Owing to their rarity, very little…
View article: Prevalence and determinants of chronic respiratory diseases in adults in rural Sudan
Prevalence and determinants of chronic respiratory diseases in adults in rural Sudan Open
BACKGROUND: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) greatly contribute to worldwide mortality. Despite new data emerging from Africa, prevalence estimates and determinants of CRDs in rural settings are limited. This study sought to extend the …
View article: Poverty, protests and pandemics: what can we learn from community resilience?
Poverty, protests and pandemics: what can we learn from community resilience? Open
For example, collective or community hope is more than the sense of individual hope of the members of a particular community. The destruction of property, theft and violence that occurred in South Africa, particularly in KZN and Gauteng in…
View article: School governance and funding policy in South Africa: Towards social justice and equity in education policy
School governance and funding policy in South Africa: Towards social justice and equity in education policy Open
Equity and redress, in and through education, are fundamental commitments of the new South African democratic government that ensued in 1994 after a brutal and protracted history of colonial and apartheid segregation and oppression denied …
View article: United States County-level COVID-19 Death Rates and Case Fatality Rates Vary by Region and Urban Status
United States County-level COVID-19 Death Rates and Case Fatality Rates Vary by Region and Urban Status Open
COVID-19 is a global pandemic with uncertain death rates. We examined county-level population morality rates (per 100,000) and case fatality rates by US region and rural-urban classification, while controlling for demographic, socioeconomi…
View article: Addressing punitive violence against children in Australia, Japan and the Philippines
Addressing punitive violence against children in Australia, Japan and the Philippines Open
Physical and emotional punishment of children is highly prevalent in the Asia-Pacific region. These actions predict a range of physical and emotional harms, prompting a worldwide effort to eliminate them. A key strategy in this effort is t…
View article: Exploring Student Food Behaviour in Relation to Food Retail over the Time of Implementing Ontario’s School Food and Beverage Policy
Exploring Student Food Behaviour in Relation to Food Retail over the Time of Implementing Ontario’s School Food and Beverage Policy Open
Background: Canadian provincial policies, like Ontario’s School Food and Beverage Policy (P/PM 150), increasingly mandate standards for food and beverages offered for sale at school. Given concerns regarding students leaving school to purc…
View article: The 2030 global education agenda and teachers, teaching and teacher education
The 2030 global education agenda and teachers, teaching and teacher education Open
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Education for all (EFA) Goals have been replaced by a Sustainable Development Framework with a new set of arguably more ambitious goals and targets. The most recent report Transforming Our World:…
View article: Child understandings of the causation of childhood burn injuries: Child activity, parental domestic demands, and impoverished settings
Child understandings of the causation of childhood burn injuries: Child activity, parental domestic demands, and impoverished settings Open
Background Burns are a global public health problem. In South Africa, the rate of paediatric burn deaths is 5 times higher than other upper middle‐income countries, with concentrations in impoverished settings. Globally, the majority of re…