Rajeev Sadanandan
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View article: Burden on the burdened: tuberculosis among Scheduled Tribes and non-Scheduled Tribes in constitutionally protected Scheduled and non-Scheduled areas of India
Burden on the burdened: tuberculosis among Scheduled Tribes and non-Scheduled Tribes in constitutionally protected Scheduled and non-Scheduled areas of India Open
Background India accounts for over a quarter of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Among the most affected are India’s Scheduled Tribes (STs) communities, experiencing a disproportionately higher TB prevalence compared to non-STs. Encour…
View article: Does health insurance coverage improve cardiometabolic risk factor levels? Quasi-experimental evidence from India
Does health insurance coverage improve cardiometabolic risk factor levels? Quasi-experimental evidence from India Open
Health insurance coverage was associated with better cardiometabolic risk profiles and health status, largely mediated by increased healthcare utilization. Expanding insurance coverage to include outpatient chronic care services should be …
View article: Health insurance coverage among men and women in six countries within the Southeast Asia Region (2015–2022): a multilevel analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys
Health insurance coverage among men and women in six countries within the Southeast Asia Region (2015–2022): a multilevel analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys Open
View article: Unveiling the twin epidemics of hypertension and diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of sex-specific prevalence, risk, and hotspots in India’s epidemiological transition zones
Unveiling the twin epidemics of hypertension and diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of sex-specific prevalence, risk, and hotspots in India’s epidemiological transition zones Open
Our findings highlight the progressive nature of the twin epidemics of diabetes and hypertension, with an increased risk of onset associated with advanced age. The presence of one condition substantially elevates the likelihood of developi…
View article: Unveiling the twin epidemics of hypertension and diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of sex-specific prevalence, risk, and hotspots in India's epidemiological transition zones
Unveiling the twin epidemics of hypertension and diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of sex-specific prevalence, risk, and hotspots in India's epidemiological transition zones Open
Background India is experiencing a rising prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, which often coexist and significantly contribute to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) burden. This study examines the sex-stratified prevalence, coexistence,…
View article: Assessing the financial burden of multimorbidity among patients aged 30 and above in India
Assessing the financial burden of multimorbidity among patients aged 30 and above in India Open
The high financial burden of OOPE and CHE among multimorbidity patients, particularly those with NCDs, highlight the urgent need for comprehensive health policies that address financial risk at the primary care level. To alleviate the fina…
View article: Assessing the Financial Burden of Multimorbidity Among Patients Aged 30 and above in India
Assessing the Financial Burden of Multimorbidity Among Patients Aged 30 and above in India Open
Background Multimorbidity is associated with significant out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPE) and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), especially in low- and middle-income countries like India. Despite this, there is limited research on the…
View article: Correction: Building Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR) capacity in India: reflections from the India HPSR fellowship program (2020–2023)
Correction: Building Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR) capacity in India: reflections from the India HPSR fellowship program (2020–2023) Open
View article: Building Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR) capacity in India: Reflections from the India HPSR fellowship program (2020–2023)
Building Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR) capacity in India: Reflections from the India HPSR fellowship program (2020–2023) Open
View article: Costs and cost-effectiveness of the Kerala pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in the public health system
Costs and cost-effectiveness of the Kerala pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in the public health system Open
Background/objectives The Government of Kerala initiated a pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in 16 Family Health Centres in Thiruvananthapuram district in 2019 in collaboration with the ORNATE India project. The evaluation…
View article: Review of: "Strengthening Healthcare in Bangladesh: Challenges and Pathways to Equity and Quality"
Review of: "Strengthening Healthcare in Bangladesh: Challenges and Pathways to Equity and Quality" Open
The article is a general listing of failings of the Bangladesh Health Systems.For the paper to add value, it should have attempted to analyse the causes.The solutions proposed also do not relate to such analysis of causative factors.To ill…
View article: The burden of dengue and force of infection among children in Kerala, India; seroprevalence estimates from Government of Kerala-WHO Dengue study
The burden of dengue and force of infection among children in Kerala, India; seroprevalence estimates from Government of Kerala-WHO Dengue study Open
View article: Policymakers’ perspective on the importance of procedural fairness to implement and sustain health financing reforms
Policymakers’ perspective on the importance of procedural fairness to implement and sustain health financing reforms Open
Fair process is instrumental to implementing and sustaining health financing reforms. Ensuring a fair process during the design and adoption phases can garner political capital and secure a sense of citizens’ ownership. This will prove use…
View article: Costs and cost-effectiveness of the Kerala Pilot Screening Programme for Diabetic Retinopathy in the public health system
Costs and cost-effectiveness of the Kerala Pilot Screening Programme for Diabetic Retinopathy in the public health system Open
Background/Objectives The Government of Kerala initiated a pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in 16 Family Health Centres in Thiruvananthapuram district in 2019 in collaboration with the ORNATE India project. The evaluation…
View article: Antimicrobial Resistance: Challenges in Embedding the Response into the Health System Framework-An Indian Perspective
Antimicrobial Resistance: Challenges in Embedding the Response into the Health System Framework-An Indian Perspective Open
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses one of the significant challenges for the progress of modern medicine not only by its myriad manifestations on a microbiological plane but also due to its demand for a complex, multisectoral approach fo…
View article: The role of local governments in the implementation of evidence-based nutrition interventions in Kerala
The role of local governments in the implementation of evidence-based nutrition interventions in Kerala Open
OBJECTIVE: To study the involvement and influence of local participatory governments consisting of Panchayat Raj institutions (PRIs) in implementing evidence-based interventions for eliminating maternal and child undernutrition in the sta…
View article: Re-engineering primary healthcare in Kerala
Re-engineering primary healthcare in Kerala Open
INTRODUCTION: In the backdrop of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the state of Kerala, India, revamped its existing primary health centres (PHCs) into people-friendly family health centres (FHCs) in order to provide comprehensive…
View article: Local government stewardship for TB elimination in Kerala, India
Local government stewardship for TB elimination in Kerala, India Open
SETTING: The southern Indian state of Kerala has implemented ‘Kerala Tuberculosis Elimination Mission’ as ‘People’s Movement against TB’ under the stewardship of local governments (LGs). The state has been certified by the Government of I…
View article: Decentralisation, health and Sustainable Development Goal 3
Decentralisation, health and Sustainable Development Goal 3 Open
SETTING: Kerala State, India, implemented decentralising reforms of healthcare institutions 25 years ago through transfer of administrative control and a sizeable share of the financial allocation. OBJECTIVE: To describe the main impact…
View article: The Burden of Dengue and Force of Infection Among Children in Kerala, India; Seroprevalence Estimates from Government of Kerala - WHO Dengue Study
The Burden of Dengue and Force of Infection Among Children in Kerala, India; Seroprevalence Estimates from Government of Kerala - WHO Dengue Study Open
View article: Scaling-up filariasis lymphoedema management into the primary health care system in Kerala State, Southern India: a case study in healthcare equity
Scaling-up filariasis lymphoedema management into the primary health care system in Kerala State, Southern India: a case study in healthcare equity Open
Background Lymphatic filariasis (LF) remains one of the world’s most debilitating parasitic infections and is a major contributor to poor health in many endemic countries. The provision of continuing care for all those affected by LF and i…
View article: Managing the next pandemic: Lessons for policy makers from COVID-19
Managing the next pandemic: Lessons for policy makers from COVID-19 Open
Managing a pandemic offers lessons for preparing for similar episodes in future. The importance of surveillance in One World-One Health mode and the need to share information expeditiously to mobilize national and international resources h…
View article: Burden of Diabetic Retinopathy amongst People with Diabetes Attending Primary Care in Kerala: Nayanamritham Project
Burden of Diabetic Retinopathy amongst People with Diabetes Attending Primary Care in Kerala: Nayanamritham Project Open
Background: The burden of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in people attending the public health sector in India is unclear. Thirty percent of the population in India is reliant on public healthcare. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of…
View article: Scaling-up filariasis lymphoedema management into the Primary Health Care System in Kerala State, Southern India - an example of equity in healthcare.
Scaling-up filariasis lymphoedema management into the Primary Health Care System in Kerala State, Southern India - an example of equity in healthcare. Open
Background: Lymphatic filariasis remains one the world’s most debilitating parasitic infections and is a major contributor to poor health in many endemic countries. The provision of continuing care for all those affected by this infection …
View article: The ORNATE India project: Building research capacity and capability to tackle the burden of diabetic retinopathy-related blindness in India
The ORNATE India project: Building research capacity and capability to tackle the burden of diabetic retinopathy-related blindness in India Open
The ORNATE India project is an interdisciplinary, multifaceted United Kingdom (UK)–India collaborative study aimed to build research capacity and capability in India and the UK to tackle the burden of diabetes-related visual impairment. Fo…
View article: Adding screening for “end organ damage” to the noncommunicable disease package in primary care
Adding screening for “end organ damage” to the noncommunicable disease package in primary care Open
There are several global and local initiatives aimed at screening for noncommunicable diseases (NCD). The fundamental health system strengthening to achieve this goal is by developing the primary care infrastructure. Most newly developed o…
View article: Complex interventions to implement a diabetic retinopathy care pathway in the public health system in Kerala: the Nayanamritham study protocol
Complex interventions to implement a diabetic retinopathy care pathway in the public health system in Kerala: the Nayanamritham study protocol Open
Introduction Using a type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation design, we aim to pilot a diabetic retinopathy (DR) care pathway in the public health system in Kerala to understand how it can be scaled up to and sustained in the whole stat…
View article: A Population Health Approach to Address the Burden of Congenital Heart Disease in Kerala, India
A Population Health Approach to Address the Burden of Congenital Heart Disease in Kerala, India Open
We demonstrate successful implementation of a population-based and real-time approach to reduce CHD mortality. We speculate that Hridyam has contributed to the observed decline in Kerala's IMR from 12 to 7 between 2016 and 2019. Thi…
View article: Monitoring Universal Health Coverage reforms in primary health care facilities: Creating a framework, selecting and field-testing indicators in Kerala, India
Monitoring Universal Health Coverage reforms in primary health care facilities: Creating a framework, selecting and field-testing indicators in Kerala, India Open
In line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the target for achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC), state level initiatives to promote health with "no-one left behind" are underway in India. In Kerala, reforms under the fla…
View article: The ORNATE India Project: United Kingdom–India Research Collaboration to tackle visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy
The ORNATE India Project: United Kingdom–India Research Collaboration to tackle visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy Open