Ralph Eric Thijl Vanstreels
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View article: High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in Pinniped Conservation
High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in Pinniped Conservation Open
Since 2020, H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have caused widespread disruptions not only to global agriculture and trade but also to the health of free-ranging wildlife. Pinnipeds have experienced greater mortality f…
View article: Echocardiographic Parameters of Callithrix spp. Under Human Care
Echocardiographic Parameters of Callithrix spp. Under Human Care Open
Non-human primates are frequently used in anatomical and physiological research due to their similarity to humans. Currently, echocardiographic reference values are missing. Therefore, this study evaluated echocardiographic parameters in C…
View article: Genomic analysis of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses from Antarctica reveals multiple introductions from South America
Genomic analysis of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses from Antarctica reveals multiple introductions from South America Open
The spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b into Antarctica represents a major threat to polar wildlife. Here we report on the detection and genomic analysis of HPAIV H5N1 in a kelp gull (Larus dominc…
View article: Four unusual mortality events of seabirds in the Patagonian Sea, 2000–2006: species affected and possible causes
Four unusual mortality events of seabirds in the Patagonian Sea, 2000–2006: species affected and possible causes Open
The Patagonian Sea is a highly productive marine ecosystem and a hotspot for seabird diversity and density in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. Reports of unusual mortality events are relatively scarce in this region, likely due to under detec…
View article: Emergence, spread, and impact of high‐pathogenicity avian influenza H5 in wild birds and mammals of South America and Antarctica
Emergence, spread, and impact of high‐pathogenicity avian influenza H5 in wild birds and mammals of South America and Antarctica Open
The currently circulating high‐pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the subtype H5 causes variable illness and death in wild and domestic birds and mammals, as well as in humans. This virus evolved from the Goose/Guangdong lineage…
View article: Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (A)H5N1 Triple Reassortant in Argentina, 2025
Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (A)H5N1 Triple Reassortant in Argentina, 2025 Open
Genomic sequencing of re-emerging highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus detected in Argentina in February 2025 revealed novel triple-reassortant viruses containing gene segments from Eurasian H5N1 and low pathogenic viruses from …
View article: The expanding avian influenza panzootic: skua die-off in Antarctica
The expanding avian influenza panzootic: skua die-off in Antarctica Open
High pathogenicity avian influenza virus of subtype H5 (H5 HPAIV), clade 2.3.4.4b, invaded Antarctica in 2023. Here we show that H5 HPAIV caused high mortality in a breeding colony of skuas at one of ten sites we visited in March 2024. By …
View article: Emergence, spread, and impact of high pathogenicity avian influenza H5 in wild birds and mammals of South America and Antarctica, October 2022 to March 2024
Emergence, spread, and impact of high pathogenicity avian influenza H5 in wild birds and mammals of South America and Antarctica, October 2022 to March 2024 Open
The currently circulating high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the subtype H5 causes variable illness and death in wild and domestic birds and mammals, as well as in humans. This virus evolved from the Goose/Guangdong lineage…
View article: High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b recovered from a kelp gull (<i>Larus dominicanus</i>) in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica
High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b recovered from a kelp gull (<i>Larus dominicanus</i>) in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica Open
Whole-genome analysis of the earliest-detected High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b detected in Hannah Point, Antarctica (January 2024) reveals close relatedness to strains that circulated in pinnipeds and s…
View article: Epidemiological data of an influenza A/H5N1 outbreak in elephant seals in Argentina indicates mammal-to-mammal transmission
Epidemiological data of an influenza A/H5N1 outbreak in elephant seals in Argentina indicates mammal-to-mammal transmission Open
View article: Description and circadian rhythms of <i>Chandlerella sinensis</i> Li, 1933 (Nematoda; Onchocercidae), with remarks of microfilariae effects on the host health
Description and circadian rhythms of <i>Chandlerella sinensis</i> Li, 1933 (Nematoda; Onchocercidae), with remarks of microfilariae effects on the host health Open
During investigation of common linnet (Linaria cannabina) blood using the buffy coat method one bird with microfilariae in the blood was found. The morphometric description of adult worms corresponded to the Chandlerella sinensis. This spe…
View article: Massive outbreak of Influenza A H5N1 in elephant seals at Península Valdés, Argentina: increased evidence for mammal-to-mammal transmission
Massive outbreak of Influenza A H5N1 in elephant seals at Península Valdés, Argentina: increased evidence for mammal-to-mammal transmission Open
H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the clade 2.3.4.4b have killed thousands of marine mammals in South America since 2022. In October 2023, following outbreaks in sea lions in Argentina, we recorded unprecedented mas…
View article: Effects of satellite-linked telemetry tags on humpback whales in the Gulf of Maine: Photographic assessment of tag sites
Effects of satellite-linked telemetry tags on humpback whales in the Gulf of Maine: Photographic assessment of tag sites Open
Hundreds of large whales have been tracked using consolidated (Type‐C) satellite tags, yet there have been few studies on their impacts on whale health. In 2011, we initiated the first study designed to evaluate the effects of these tags o…
View article: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses from Multispecies Outbreak, Argentina, August 2023
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses from Multispecies Outbreak, Argentina, August 2023 Open
We report full-genome characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus from an outbreak among sea lions (August 2023) in Argentina and possible spillover to fur seals and terns. Mammalian adaptation mutati…
View article: Effects of Satellite-Linked Telemetry Tags on Humpback Whales in the Gulf of Maine: Photographic Assessment of Tag Sites
Effects of Satellite-Linked Telemetry Tags on Humpback Whales in the Gulf of Maine: Photographic Assessment of Tag Sites Open
Hundreds of large whales have been tracked using consolidated (Type-C) satellite tags, yet there have been few studies on their impacts on whale health. In 2011, we initiated the first study designed to evaluate the effects of these tags i…
View article: High Frequency of Plastic Ingestion in Procellariiform Seabirds (Albatrosses, Petrels and Shearwaters) in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean
High Frequency of Plastic Ingestion in Procellariiform Seabirds (Albatrosses, Petrels and Shearwaters) in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean Open
View article: New tick records with notes on rickettsial infection from the wildlife of the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil
New tick records with notes on rickettsial infection from the wildlife of the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil Open
This work aimed to report ticks infesting the wildlife among 15 municipalities of the state of Espírito Santo between 2016 and 2021, within the Atlantic Forest biome of southeastern Brazil. A total of 576 tick specimens (187 males, 56 fema…
View article: The risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza in the Southern Ocean: a practical guide for operators and scientists interacting with wildlife
The risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza in the Southern Ocean: a practical guide for operators and scientists interacting with wildlife Open
Advice from avian influenza experts suggests that there is a high risk that highly pathogenic avian influenza will arrive in the Southern Ocean during the austral summers.
View article: Exploring the relationship between environmental drivers and the manifestation of fibropapillomatosis in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in eastern Brazil
Exploring the relationship between environmental drivers and the manifestation of fibropapillomatosis in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in eastern Brazil Open
Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a disease characterized by epithelial tumors that can impede life-sustaining activities of sea turtles, especially green turtles ( Chelonia mydas ). FP is caused by a herpesvirus, but environmental factors are a…
View article: <i>Haemoproteus jenniae</i> (Haemoproteidae, Haemosporida) infects gulls (<i>Larus</i> spp.) in South Africa, with redescription of <i>Haemoproteus skuae</i>
<i>Haemoproteus jenniae</i> (Haemoproteidae, Haemosporida) infects gulls (<i>Larus</i> spp.) in South Africa, with redescription of <i>Haemoproteus skuae</i> Open
Haemoproteus spp. are dipteran-borne protozoa that infect erythrocytes and reticulo-endothelial cells of birds. These parasites are not usually transmitted between birds belonging to different orders. The suborder Lari (order Charadriiform…
View article: Increased prevalence of canine echinococcosis a decade after the discontinuation of a governmental deworming program in Tierra del Fuego, Southern Chile
Increased prevalence of canine echinococcosis a decade after the discontinuation of a governmental deworming program in Tierra del Fuego, Southern Chile Open
Hydatid disease is a neglected zoonotic parasitic disease caused by cysts of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus . Canids, especially domestic dogs, are definitive hosts of the parasite and are the most pragmatic targets for control progr…
View article: Chlamydiaceae-Like Bacterium in Wild Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus)
Chlamydiaceae-Like Bacterium in Wild Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) Open
The family Chlamydiaceae is comprised of obligate intracellular bacteria, some of which are significant pathogens of humans and domestic animals. Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) are susceptible to Chlamydia psittaci outbreaks…
View article: The Risk of Avian Influenza in the Southern Ocean: A practical guide
The Risk of Avian Influenza in the Southern Ocean: A practical guide Open
Advice from Avian Influenza experts suggests that there is a high risk that Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza will arrive in the Southern Ocean 2022/23-2024/25 austral summers. Since the beginning of 2022, the increasing intensity of highl…
View article: A new haemosporidian parasite from the Red-legged Seriema Cariama cristata (Cariamiformes, Cariamidae)
A new haemosporidian parasite from the Red-legged Seriema Cariama cristata (Cariamiformes, Cariamidae) Open
Haemoproteids (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) are a diverse group of avian blood parasites that are transmitted by hematophagous dipterans. In this study, we describe Haemoproteus pulcher sp. nov. from a Red-legged Seriema (Cariam…
View article: Increased prevalence of canine echinococcosis a decade after the discontinuation of a governmental deworming program in Tierra del Fuego, southern Chile
Increased prevalence of canine echinococcosis a decade after the discontinuation of a governmental deworming program in Tierra del Fuego, southern Chile Open
Questionnaire and parasite sampling data for study of canine echinococcosis in Tierra del Fuego, Chile. Dataset includes data from dogs and wild carnivores sampled and farmer responses to questionnaires.
View article: Increased prevalence of canine echinococcosis a decade after the discontinuation of a governmental deworming program in Tierra del Fuego, southern Chile
Increased prevalence of canine echinococcosis a decade after the discontinuation of a governmental deworming program in Tierra del Fuego, southern Chile Open
Questionnaire and parasite sampling data for study of canine echinococcosis in Tierra del Fuego, Chile. Dataset includes data from dogs and wild carnivores sampled and farmer responses to questionnaires.
View article: Sarcoptic mange outbreak decimates South American wild camelid populations in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina
Sarcoptic mange outbreak decimates South American wild camelid populations in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina Open
Sarcoptic mange epidemics can devastate wildlife populations. In 2014, mange was first detected in vicuñas ( Vicugna vicugna ) and guanacos ( Lama guanicoe ) in San Guillermo National Park (SGNP), Argentina. This study describes the tempor…
View article: Sarcoptic mange outbreak decimates South American wild camelid populations in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina
Sarcoptic mange outbreak decimates South American wild camelid populations in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina Open
Data from transects to count live wild camelids and to detect wild camelids with mange in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina
View article: Sarcoptic mange outbreak decimates South American camelid populations in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina
Sarcoptic mange outbreak decimates South American camelid populations in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina Open
Sarcoptic mange epidemics can devastate wildlife populations. In 2014, mange was first detected in vicuña ( Vicugna vicugna ) and guanaco ( Lama guanicoe ) in San Guillermo National Park (SGNP), Argentina. This study characterized the pote…
View article: Lead exposure in consumers of culled invasive alien mammals in El Palmar National Park, Argentina
Lead exposure in consumers of culled invasive alien mammals in El Palmar National Park, Argentina Open