Richelle C. Charles
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View article: Effects of improved water, sanitation, handwashing and nutrition on early childhood IgG immune repertoire development against <i>Shigella</i> and enteroinvasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EIEC)
Effects of improved water, sanitation, handwashing and nutrition on early childhood IgG immune repertoire development against <i>Shigella</i> and enteroinvasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EIEC) Open
We studied effects of a combined water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional supplementation (WSH+N) intervention on Shigella/ EIEC IgG immune development among Bangladeshi children enrolled in a cluster randomized trial. We used a bac…
View article: Expanding cholera serosurveillance to vaccinated populations
Expanding cholera serosurveillance to vaccinated populations Open
Mass oral cholera vaccination campaigns targeted at subnational areas with high incidence are central to global cholera elimination efforts. Serological surveillance offers a complementary approach to address gaps in clinical surveillance …
View article: Reconstructing pathogen-specific antibody binding epitopes and age-dependent immune signatures from proteomic-scale peptide libraries
Reconstructing pathogen-specific antibody binding epitopes and age-dependent immune signatures from proteomic-scale peptide libraries Open
Public health interventions involving improved water, sanitation and promotion of hygiene behaviors (WASH) plus nutrition, were implemented in Bangladesh in a large randomized controlled trial to assess impact on childhood enteric infectio…
View article: Human antibody targeting <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O1 O-specific polysaccharide induces an amotile hypovirulent bacterial phenotype: mechanism of protection against cholera
Human antibody targeting <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O1 O-specific polysaccharide induces an amotile hypovirulent bacterial phenotype: mechanism of protection against cholera Open
Antibodies targeting the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) of Vibrio cholerae O1 are crucial determinants of protection against cholera. These antibodies agglutinate bacteria and, even in sub-agglutinating conditions, inhibit V. cholerae mot…
View article: Rapid, low-cost colorimetric detection of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi bacteriophages for environmental surveillance
Rapid, low-cost colorimetric detection of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi bacteriophages for environmental surveillance Open
Typhoid fever remains a global public health challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries where poor sanitation and limited access to clean water facilitate transmission. The lack of data on disease burden poses a significant …
View article: Vibrio cholerae-specific antibodies in plasma and saliva in cholera patients during a severe outbreak in Zambia: an antibody profiling approach
Vibrio cholerae-specific antibodies in plasma and saliva in cholera patients during a severe outbreak in Zambia: an antibody profiling approach Open
Background Cholera is a public health threat in resource-limited settings and is responsible for causing over 3 million cases globally. Mucosal immune responses play an important role in protecting against Vibrio cholerae infection, a non-…
View article: An O-Specific Polysaccharide Shigella flexneri 3a Conjugate Vaccine is Immunogenic and Protective against Virulent Keratoconjunctival Challenge in Guinea Pigs
An O-Specific Polysaccharide Shigella flexneri 3a Conjugate Vaccine is Immunogenic and Protective against Virulent Keratoconjunctival Challenge in Guinea Pigs Open
Shigella infection is a major cause of diarrhea, cognitive and physical stunting, and death in young children in resource-limited settings. A vaccine that is protective against shigellosis is needed. Immune responses that target the O-spec…
View article: Seroincidence rate of typhoidal<i>Salmonella</i>in children in Kenya
Seroincidence rate of typhoidal<i>Salmonella</i>in children in Kenya Open
Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi, causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Surveillance is limited by the lack of reliable diagnostic assays, leading to major gaps in understanding the p…
View article: Evaluating the accuracy of<i>Salmonella</i>Typhi Hemolysin E and lipopolysaccharide IgA to discriminate enteric fever from other febrile illnesses in South Asia
Evaluating the accuracy of<i>Salmonella</i>Typhi Hemolysin E and lipopolysaccharide IgA to discriminate enteric fever from other febrile illnesses in South Asia Open
Existing methods to identify patients infected with Salmonella enterica Typhi (S. Typhi) or Paratyphi are inadequately accurate, affordable, and efficient. We evaluated the discriminatory power of antibodies to S. Typhi hemolysin E (HlyE) …
View article: serocalculator, an R package for estimating seroincidence from cross-sectional serological data
serocalculator, an R package for estimating seroincidence from cross-sectional serological data Open
Motivation: Seroincidence—the rate of new infections in a population—is a key measure for understanding pathogen transmission dynamics and informing public health action. Estimating seroincidence from cross-sectional data is complicated by…
View article: Two distinct durable human class-switched memory B cell populations are induced by vaccination and infection
Two distinct durable human class-switched memory B cell populations are induced by vaccination and infection Open
Memory lymphocytes are durable cells that persist in the absence of antigen, but few human B cell subsets have been characterized in terms of durability. The relative durability of eight non-overlapping human B cell sub-populations coverin…
View article: Expanding cholera serosurveillance to vaccinated populations
Expanding cholera serosurveillance to vaccinated populations Open
Mass oral cholera vaccination campaigns targeted at subnational areas with high incidence are central to global cholera elimination efforts. Serological surveillance offers a complementary approach to address gaps in clinical surveillance …
View article: Wastewater surveillance for Salmonella Typhi and its association with seroincidence of enteric fever in Vellore, India
Wastewater surveillance for Salmonella Typhi and its association with seroincidence of enteric fever in Vellore, India Open
Background Blood culture-based surveillance for typhoid fever has limited sensitivity, and operational challenges are encountered in resource-limited settings. Environmental surveillance targeting Salmonella Typhi ( S . Typhi) shed in wast…
View article: Typhinder: Rapid, low-cost colorimetric detection of<i>Salmonella</i>Typhi bacteriophages for environmental surveillance
Typhinder: Rapid, low-cost colorimetric detection of<i>Salmonella</i>Typhi bacteriophages for environmental surveillance Open
Typhoid fever remains a global public health challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries where poor sanitation and limited access to clean water facilitate transmission. The lack of data on disease burden poses a significant …
View article: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell responses in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhi strain Ty21a oral vaccine recipients.
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell responses in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhi strain Ty21a oral vaccine recipients. Open
Mucosal–associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unconventional innate-like T cells abundant in human mucosal tissues and are associated with protective responses to microbial infections. MAIT cells have the capacity for rapid effector func…
View article: Evaluation of a point-of-care immunochromatographic assay for enteric fever in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study
Evaluation of a point-of-care immunochromatographic assay for enteric fever in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study Open
National Institute of Health, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and Child Health Research Foundation.
View article: Two distinct durable human class-switched memory B cell populations are induced by vaccination and infection
Two distinct durable human class-switched memory B cell populations are induced by vaccination and infection Open
Memory lymphocytes are durable cells that persist in the absence of antigen, but few human B cell subsets have been characterized in terms of durability. The relative durability of eight non-overlapping human B cell sub-populations coverin…
View article: Limited O-specific polysaccharide (OSP)-specific functional antibody responses in young children with Shigella infection in Bangladesh
Limited O-specific polysaccharide (OSP)-specific functional antibody responses in young children with Shigella infection in Bangladesh Open
Shigellosis is the second leading cause of diarrheal death in children younger than five years of age globally. At present, there is no broadly licensed vaccine against shigella infection. Previous vaccine candidates have failed at providi…
View article: Challenges and Approaches to Establishing Multi-Pathogen Serosurveillance: Findings from the 2023 Serosurveillance Summit
Challenges and Approaches to Establishing Multi-Pathogen Serosurveillance: Findings from the 2023 Serosurveillance Summit Open
Multiplex-based serological surveillance is a valuable but underutilized tool to understand gaps in population-level exposure, susceptibility, and immunity to infectious diseases. Assays for which blood samples can be tested for antibodies…
View article: Development of a Shigella conjugate vaccine targeting Shigella flexneri 6 that is immunogenic and provides protection against virulent challenge
Development of a Shigella conjugate vaccine targeting Shigella flexneri 6 that is immunogenic and provides protection against virulent challenge Open
View article: Determinants of immune responses predictive of protection against shigellosis in an endemic zone: a systems analysis of antibody profiles and function
Determinants of immune responses predictive of protection against shigellosis in an endemic zone: a systems analysis of antibody profiles and function Open
US National Institutes of Health.
View article: Wastewater surveillance for<i>Salmonella</i>Typhi and its association with seroincidence of enteric fever in Vellore, India
Wastewater surveillance for<i>Salmonella</i>Typhi and its association with seroincidence of enteric fever in Vellore, India Open
Background Blood culture-based surveillance for typhoid fever has limited sensitivity, encountering operational challenges in resource-limited settings. Environmental surveillance targeting Salmonella Typhi ( S . Typhi) shed in wastewater …
View article: Challenges and approaches to establishing multi-pathogen serosurveillance: Findings from the 2023 Serosurveillance Summit
Challenges and approaches to establishing multi-pathogen serosurveillance: Findings from the 2023 Serosurveillance Summit Open
Multiplex-based serological surveillance is a valuable but underutilized tool to understand gaps in population-level exposure, susceptibility, and immunity to infectious diseases. Assays for which blood samples can be tested for antibodies…
View article: The frequency and associated factors of typhoid carriage in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallbladder disease in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study
The frequency and associated factors of typhoid carriage in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallbladder disease in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study Open
Background Enteric fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi ( S . Typhi) and Paratyphi A, B, and C. It continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In highly endemic areas, children are disproporti…
View article: Seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IgG in Juba, South Sudan, 2020
Seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IgG in Juba, South Sudan, 2020 Open
Relatively few coronavirus disease cases and deaths have been reported from sub-Saharan Africa, although the extent of its spread remains unclear. During August 10-Sep-tember 11, 2020, we recruited 2,214 participants for a representative h…
View article: Identifying Recent Cholera Infections Using a Multiplex Bead Serological Assay
Identifying Recent Cholera Infections Using a Multiplex Bead Serological Assay Open
Estimates of incidence based on medically attended cholera can be severely biased. Vibrio cholerae O1 leaves a lasting antibody signal and recent advances showed that these can be used to estimate infection incidence rates from cross-secti…
View article: Cholera toxin and O-specific polysaccharide immune responses after oral cholera vaccination with Dukoral in different age groups of Bangladeshi participants
Cholera toxin and O-specific polysaccharide immune responses after oral cholera vaccination with Dukoral in different age groups of Bangladeshi participants Open
Vaccination is important to prevent cholera. There are limited data comparing anti-O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) and anti-cholera toxin-specific immune responses following oral whole-cell with cholera toxin B-subunit (WC-rBS) vaccine (Du…
View article: The frequency of typhoid carriage in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallbladder disease in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study
The frequency of typhoid carriage in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallbladder disease in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study Open
Background Enteric fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi ( S . Typhi) and Paratyphi A, B, and C. It continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In highly endemic areas, children are disproporti…
View article: Vaccination of Rabbits with a Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Comprising O-Specific Polysaccharide and a Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain Induces Protective Immune Responses against Vibrio cholerae O1
Vaccination of Rabbits with a Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Comprising O-Specific Polysaccharide and a Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain Induces Protective Immune Responses against Vibrio cholerae O1 Open
There is a need for next-generation cholera vaccines that provide high-level and durable protection in young children in cholera-endemic areas. A cholera conjugate vaccine (CCV) is in development to address this need. This vaccine contains…
View article: Comparison of O-specific polysaccharide responses in patients following infection with <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O139 versus vaccination with a bivalent (O1/O139) oral killed cholera vaccine in Bangladesh
Comparison of O-specific polysaccharide responses in patients following infection with <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O139 versus vaccination with a bivalent (O1/O139) oral killed cholera vaccine in Bangladesh Open
Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae O139 emerged in the early 1990s and spread rapidly to 11 Asian countries before receding for unclear reasons. Protection against cholera is serogroup-specific, which is defined by the O-specific polysaccha…