Rick Kramer
YOU?
Author Swipe
Enhancing HVAC Fault Diagnosis: Leveraging Expert Knowledge to Improve Bayesian Networks for Air Handling Units Open
Research shows that 5% to 30% of a building's annual energy consumption is wasted due to malfunctioning systems. Automated Fault Detection and Diagnosis (AFDD) systems can help reduce this waste and improve occupant comfort. A widely used …
Developing key performance indicators for occupant-centric buildings using occupant feedback: A scoping review and methodological framework Open
The use of occupant feedback in smart building control and management has been shown to enhance indoor environmental quality and building energy efficiency. Despite this potential, its use in real-world building operations remains limited.…
The fault-free case of low delta-T syndrome under part-load behaviour of three cooling coil designs Open
Laminar flow in the cooling coil during part-load operation is a debated cause of low delta-T syndrome. Since part-load operation is the primary mode of operation, laminar flow cannot be avoided with two-way controlled cooling coil valves.…
Development and validation of a quasi-steady-state linear Element-by-Element cooling coil model in wet and dry part-load conditions Open
Cooling coils are multipass crossflow heat exchangers, yet they are often approximated as pure counterflow in modelling. This approximation can introduce significant deviations, particularly at reduced water flow rates. This study develops…
Cognition, economic decision-making, and physiological response to carbon dioxide Open
This study examines the isolated effect of carbon dioxide on cognition, economic decision-making, and the physiological response in healthy adults. The experiment took place in an air-tight respiration chamber controlling the environmental…
Dynamic Indoor Climate Conditions for Sustainable Preventive Conservation Open
Although standards and guidelines have evolved according to the paradigm shift ‘from an ideal strict climate to an appropriate climate’, e.g. by discriminating between short-term and long-term fluctuations and including seasonal changes, n…
A systematic review of treatments and fixes for low delta-T syndrome in cooling systems Open
Low delta-T syndrome is known to decrease the energy efficiency of chilled water systems and jeopardize human thermal comfort. Many studies have addressed low delta-T syndrome, suggesting possible measures to solve or mitigate its symptoms…
Fault prioritisation for Air Handling units using fault modelling and actual fault occurrence data Open
Fault impact analysis is an important step in developing Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) tools for Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems. It provides an insight into how HVAC systems react in the presence of operatio…
Establishing resilience in times of climate change—a perspective on humans and buildings Open
With a contribution of 40% to the annual global CO 2 -emissions, the built environment needs to drastically reduce its impact, while also providing pleasant and healthy indoor spaces and protecting people from weather extremes. Over time, …
Low delta-T syndrome in cooling systems: A systematic review of the signs, symptoms, and causes Open
Return water temperature and flow rate are indicators of the energy efficiency of chilled water systems. Since the late 1980s, the return water temperature has deviated from the designed value, resulting in an increased flow rate. Such dev…
Personal control of correlated color temperature of light: Effects on thermal comfort, visual comfort, and cognitive performance Open
Recent studies have suggested that thermal and visual comfort are correlated, although the causality underlying this correlation is unclear. Personal control of correlated color temperature (CCT) provides individual visual comfort, but its…
The effects of a novel personal comfort system on thermal comfort, physiology and perceived indoor environmental quality, and its health implications ‐ Stimulating human thermoregulation without compromising thermal comfort Open
The classical textbook interpretation of thermal comfort is that it occurs when the thermoregulatory effort is minimized. However, stimulating human thermoregulatory systems may benefit health and increase body thermal resilience. To addre…
D5.2_dataset01 Open
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) measurement and survey data of demonstration buildings in the hybridGEOTABS project
D5.2_dataset01 Open
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) measurement and survey data of demonstration buildings in the hybridGEOTABS project
Indoor Airflow Distribution in Repository Design: Experimental and Numerical Microclimate Analysis of an Archive Open
The majority of cultural heritage is stored in archives, libraries and museum storage spaces. To reduce degradation risks, many archives adopt the use of archival boxes, among other means, to provide the necessary climate control and compl…
Intermittent conditioning of library archives: Microclimate analysis and energy impact Open
Libraries and archives house a majority of cultural heritage objects. The main purpose of libraries and archives is to provide suitable indoor climate conditions for preservation of their collection. In general, a large bulk of hygroscopic…
View article: Drivers of diversity in human thermal perception – A review for holistic comfort models
Drivers of diversity in human thermal perception – A review for holistic comfort models Open
Understanding the drivers leading to individual differences in human thermal perception has become increasingly important, amongst other things due to challenges such as climate change and an ageing society. This review summarizes existing…
Reliability of characterising buildings as HVAC or NV for making assumptions and estimations in case studies Open
Buildings are often categorised into HVAC-buildings and naturally ventilated (NV) buildings. This study explores the extent to which a fully air-conditioned museum adheres to the typology of being an HVAC-building regarding (i) the accepta…
Quantifying demand flexibility of power-to-heat and thermal energy storage in the control of building heating systems Open
In the future due to continued integration of renewable energy sources, demand-side flexibility would be required for managing power grids. Building energy systems will serve as one possible source of energy flexibility. The degree of flex…
Dynamic setpoint calculation including collection and comfort requirements: Energy impact for museums in Southern Europe Open
Firstly, this study presents an algorithm for setpoint calculation of museums' indoor temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) integrating collection requirements according to ASHRAE and thermal comfort requirements according to adaptive…