Robert H. Austin
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View article: Protocol to model tumor hypoxia in vitro using real-time phosphorescence-based sensing of O2 gradients generated by metastatic cancer cells
Protocol to model tumor hypoxia in vitro using real-time phosphorescence-based sensing of O2 gradients generated by metastatic cancer cells Open
Tumor hypoxia plays a critical role in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Here, we present a protocol for the self-generation of hypoxia by metastatic cancer cells using phosphorescence-based O2 sensing. We describe steps for p…
View article: HIF-1α and RhoA Drive Enhanced Motility and Aerotaxis of Polyaneuploid Prostate Cancer Cells in Hypoxia
HIF-1α and RhoA Drive Enhanced Motility and Aerotaxis of Polyaneuploid Prostate Cancer Cells in Hypoxia Open
Most cancer deaths result from metastasis, yet only a rare subset of tumor cells can complete this process. Among these, polyaneuploid cancer cells (PACCs), which arise via endoreplication under stressors such as hypoxia, are implicated as…
View article: Foundations of Adaptive High-Level Tight Control of Prostate Cancer: A Path from From Terminal Disease to Chronic Condition
Foundations of Adaptive High-Level Tight Control of Prostate Cancer: A Path from From Terminal Disease to Chronic Condition Open
Metastatic prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is characterized by a high mortality rate and a poor prognosis. In this work, we explore how a clinical oncologist can apply a …
View article: Informational Memory Shapes Collective Behavior in Intelligent Swarms
Informational Memory Shapes Collective Behavior in Intelligent Swarms Open
We present an experimental and theoretical study of 2-D swarms in which collective behavior emerges from both direct local mechanical coupling between agents and from the exchange and processing of information between agents. Each agent, a…
View article: Microfluidic Ecology Unravels the Genetic andEcological Drivers of T4r Bacteriophage Resistancein E. coli: Insights into Biofilm-Mediated Evolution
Microfluidic Ecology Unravels the Genetic andEcological Drivers of T4r Bacteriophage Resistancein E. coli: Insights into Biofilm-Mediated Evolution Open
We use a microfluidic ecology which generates non-uniform phage concentration gradients and micro-ecological niches to reveal the importance of time, spatial population structure and collective population dynamics in the {\em de novo} evol…
View article: Lung adenocarcinomas without driver genes converge to common adaptive strategies through diverse genetic, epigenetic, and niche construction evolutionary pathways
Lung adenocarcinomas without driver genes converge to common adaptive strategies through diverse genetic, epigenetic, and niche construction evolutionary pathways Open
Somatic evolution selects cancer cell phenotypes that maximize survival and proliferation in dynamic environments. Although cancer cells are molecularly heterogeneous, we hypothesized convergent adaptive strategies to common host selection…
View article: Memory of elastic collisions drives high minority spin and oscillatory entropy in underdamped chiral spinners
Memory of elastic collisions drives high minority spin and oscillatory entropy in underdamped chiral spinners Open
Inertial underdamped collisions preserve the memory of physical parameters that existed before the collision, leading to phenomena usually unseen in overdamped systems. Here we probe the less studied inertial chiral matter with spinners on…
View article: Author Response: Exploration of drug resistance mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer cells using a microfluidic device and patient tissues
Author Response: Exploration of drug resistance mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer cells using a microfluidic device and patient tissues Open
Full text Figures and data Peer review Side by side Abstract eLife assessment Introduction Results Discussion Materials and methods Data availability References Article and author information Metrics Abstract Chemoresistance is a major cau…
View article: Exploration of drug resistance mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer cells using a microfluidic device and patient tissues
Exploration of drug resistance mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer cells using a microfluidic device and patient tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Reviewer #2 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Reviewer #2 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Reviewer #3 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Reviewer #3 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Author Response: Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Author Response: Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Social Physics of Bacteria: Avoidance of an Information Black Hole
Social Physics of Bacteria: Avoidance of an Information Black Hole Open
Social physics explores responses to information exchange in a social network, and can be mapped down to bacterial collective signaling. Here, we explore how social inter-bacterial communication includes coordination of response to communi…
View article: Reviewer #3 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Reviewer #3 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Exploration of drug resistance mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer cells using a microfluidic device and patient tissues
Exploration of drug resistance mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer cells using a microfluidic device and patient tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: Reviewer #2 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues
Reviewer #2 (Public Review): Exploration of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in a Microfluidic Device and Patient Tissues Open
Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in many cancers. However, the life cycle of cancer cells as they respond to and survive environmental and therapeutic stress is understudied. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic d…
View article: The contribution of evolvability to the <scp>eco‐evolutionary</scp> dynamics of competing species
The contribution of evolvability to the <span>eco‐evolutionary</span> dynamics of competing species Open
Evolvability is the capacity of a population to generate heritable variation that can be acted upon by natural selection. This ability influences the adaptations and fitness of individual organisms. By viewing this capacity as a trait, evo…
View article: Emergence of Broken Symmetry Via Odd Viscosity in Underdamped Spinner Swarms
Emergence of Broken Symmetry Via Odd Viscosity in Underdamped Spinner Swarms Open
Broken symmetry is an emergent phenomena. We show here the unexpected broken symmetry emergence of high spin state minority spinners in an active swarm of mixed spin handedness internally driven spinners. This occurs because depending on t…
View article: <i>Escherichia coli</i> survival in response to ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress correlates with increased nucleoid length and effective misfolded protein management
<i>Escherichia coli</i> survival in response to ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress correlates with increased nucleoid length and effective misfolded protein management Open
The evolution of antibiotic resistance is a fundamental problem in disease management but is rarely quantified on a single-cell level owing to challenges associated with capturing the spatial and temporal variation across a population. To …
View article: Updating the Definition of Cancer
Updating the Definition of Cancer Open
Most definitions of cancer broadly conform to the current NCI definition: “Cancer is a disease in which some of the body's cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body.” These definitions tend to describe what cancer “lo…
View article: E. coli survival in response to ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress correlates with increased nucleoid length and effective misfolded protein management
E. coli survival in response to ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress correlates with increased nucleoid length and effective misfolded protein management Open
The evolution of antibiotic resistance is a fundamental problem in disease management but is rarely quantified on a single cell level due to challenges associated with capturing the spatial and temporal variation across a population. To ev…
View article: Inertial Spinner Swarm Experiments: Spin Pumping, Entropy Oscillations and Spin Frustration
Inertial Spinner Swarm Experiments: Spin Pumping, Entropy Oscillations and Spin Frustration Open
We present here an inertial active spinning swarm consisting of mixtures of opposite handedness torque driven spinners floating on an air bed with low damping. Depending on the relative spin sign, spinners can act as their own anti-particl…