Robert D. Hetland
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View article: Influence of Lake Ice Biases in Reanalysis Data on Downscaled Climate Simulations over the Great Lakes Region
Influence of Lake Ice Biases in Reanalysis Data on Downscaled Climate Simulations over the Great Lakes Region Open
View article: REMORA: Regional Modeling of Oceans Refined Adaptively (built on AMReX)
REMORA: Regional Modeling of Oceans Refined Adaptively (built on AMReX) Open
View article: WRF-ELM v1.0: a regional climate model to study land–atmosphere interactions over heterogeneous land use regions
WRF-ELM v1.0: a regional climate model to study land–atmosphere interactions over heterogeneous land use regions Open
The Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model (ELM) is a state-of-the-art land surface model that simulates the intricate interactions between the terrestrial land surface and other components of the Earth system. Originating fr…
View article: Coupled Lake‐Atmosphere‐Land Physics Uncertainties in a Great Lakes Regional Climate Model
Coupled Lake‐Atmosphere‐Land Physics Uncertainties in a Great Lakes Regional Climate Model Open
This study develops a surrogate‐based method to assess the uncertainty within a convective permitting integrated modeling system of the Great Lakes region, arising from interacting physics parameterizations across the lake, atmosphere, and…
View article: Numerical Mixing Suppresses Submesoscale Baroclinic Instabilities Over Sloping Bathymetry
Numerical Mixing Suppresses Submesoscale Baroclinic Instabilities Over Sloping Bathymetry Open
The impacts of spurious numerical salinity mixing on the larger‐scale flow and tracer fields are characterized using idealized simulations. The idealized model is motivated by realistic simulations of the Texas‐Louisiana shelf and features…
View article: Enhanced Cross‐Shelf Exchange by the Eddies Associated With Plume Front
Enhanced Cross‐Shelf Exchange by the Eddies Associated With Plume Front Open
Broadened width of high chlorophyll concentration band with wavy structures, patches, and filaments are often observed along the western coastal next to the Pearl River Estuary over the northern South China Sea shelf during the transition …
View article: Near-Resonance between the Shelf Ocean and Semidiurnal Atmospheric Tidal Winds
Near-Resonance between the Shelf Ocean and Semidiurnal Atmospheric Tidal Winds Open
View article: Summer Convective Precipitation Changes Over the Great Lakes Region Under a Warming Scenario
Summer Convective Precipitation Changes Over the Great Lakes Region Under a Warming Scenario Open
To understand future summer precipitation changes over the Great Lakes Region (GLR), we performed an ensemble of regional climate simulations through the Pseudo‐Global Warming (PGW) approach. We found that different types of convective pre…
View article: Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated extreme water level in shallow and converging coastal systems
Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated extreme water level in shallow and converging coastal systems Open
Based on the projected increase in hurricane landfall frequency on the middle to lower US east coast, we examined the crucial role of the estuarine wind field in exacerbating coastal flooding. A regionally refined atmospheric and two high-…
View article: Observed Increase in Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling Near the U.S. Southeast Coast
Observed Increase in Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling Near the U.S. Southeast Coast Open
Tropical cyclones (TCs) induce substantial upper‐ocean mixing and upwelling, leading to sea surface cooling. In this study, we explore changes in TC‐induced cold wakes along the United States (U.S.) Southeast and Gulf Coasts during 1982–20…
View article: WRF-ELM v1.0: a Regional Climate Model to Study Atmosphere-Land Interactions Over Heterogeneous Land Use Regions
WRF-ELM v1.0: a Regional Climate Model to Study Atmosphere-Land Interactions Over Heterogeneous Land Use Regions Open
The Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model (ELM) is a state-of-the-art land surface model that simulates the intricate interactions between the terrestrial land surface and other components of the Earth system. Originating fr…
View article: How Could Future Climate Conditions Reshape a Devastating Lake‐Effect Snow Storm?
How Could Future Climate Conditions Reshape a Devastating Lake‐Effect Snow Storm? Open
Lake‐effect snow (LES) storms, characterized by heavy convective precipitation downwind of large lakes, pose significant coastal hazards with severe socioeconomic consequences in vulnerable areas. In this study, we investigate how devastat…
View article: Response of salt intrusion in a tidal estuary to regional climatic forcing
Response of salt intrusion in a tidal estuary to regional climatic forcing Open
Salinity distribution in a large tidal estuary is subject to estuarine adjustment under the influences of multiple physical drivers such as freshwater pulses and sea level rise, and is crucial to upstream water quality, aquaculture, and ec…
View article: Summer Convective Precipitation Changes over the Great Lakes Region under a Warming Scenario
Summer Convective Precipitation Changes over the Great Lakes Region under a Warming Scenario Open
To understand the future summer precipitation changes over the Great Lakes Region (GLR), we perform an ensemble of regional climate simulations through the Pseudo-Global Warming (PGW) approach. We found that different types of convective p…
View article: Coupled Lake-Atmosphere-Land Physics Uncertainties in a Great Lakes Regional Climate Model
Coupled Lake-Atmosphere-Land Physics Uncertainties in a Great Lakes Regional Climate Model Open
This study develops a surrogate-based method to assess the uncertainty within a convective permitting integrated modeling system of the Great Lakes region, arising from interacting physics parameterizations across the lake, atmosphere, and…
View article: How Could Lake-Effect Snow Storms Evolve in a Warming Future Climate?
How Could Lake-Effect Snow Storms Evolve in a Warming Future Climate? Open
When cold, dry air travels over a relatively warmer lake, lake-effect snow (LES) develops due to an increase in moisture flux from the lake to the atmosphere, which in turn promotes cloud formation and subsequent precipitation. A destructi…
View article: Numerical mixing suppresses submesoscale baroclinic instabilities over sloping bathymetry
Numerical mixing suppresses submesoscale baroclinic instabilities over sloping bathymetry Open
In this work, the impacts of spurious numerical salinity mixing ($\mathcal{M}_{num}$) on the larger-scale flow and tracer fields are characterized using idealized simulations. The idealized model is motivated by realistic simulations of th…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-2134
Comment on egusphere-2023-2134 Open
Abstract. Based on the projected increase in hurricane landfall frequency on the middle to lower U.S. East Coast, we examined the crucial role of the estuarine wind field in exacerbating coastal flooding. A regionally refi…
View article: Isopycnal Submesoscale Stirring Crucially Sustaining Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum in Ocean Cyclonic Eddies
Isopycnal Submesoscale Stirring Crucially Sustaining Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum in Ocean Cyclonic Eddies Open
Mesoscale and submesoscale processes have crucial impacts on ocean biogeochemistry, importantly enhancing the primary production in nutrient‐deficient ocean regions. Yet, the intricate biophysical interplay still holds mysteries. Using tar…
View article: Uncertainty characterization in a coupled human-natural system: Modeling agricultural adaptation in the Great Lakes Region
Uncertainty characterization in a coupled human-natural system: Modeling agricultural adaptation in the Great Lakes Region Open
The Great Lakes Region's water quality and ecological health are threatened by the export of nutrients from agricultural lands, which causes eutrophication, hypoxia, and destructive algal blooms. The intensification of hydrologic cycles br…
View article: Evaluating SWAT + model uncertainties for human and natural outcomes: Application in a Great Lakes agricultural watershed
Evaluating SWAT + model uncertainties for human and natural outcomes: Application in a Great Lakes agricultural watershed Open
Nutrient exports from agricultural lands in the Great Lakes Region pose significant threats to water quality and ecological health through eutrophication, hypoxia, and harmful algal blooms. Climate change and agricultural adaptation practi…
View article: Response Of Salt Intrusion In A Tidal Estuary To Regional Climatic Forcing (FVCOM Output for the baseline scenario)
Response Of Salt Intrusion In A Tidal Estuary To Regional Climatic Forcing (FVCOM Output for the baseline scenario) Open
Salinity distribution in a large tidal estuary is subject to estuarine adjustment under the influences of multiple physical drivers such as freshwater pulses and sea level rise, and is crucial to upstream water quality, aquaculture, and ec…
View article: The Influence of Climate Change on Flooding and Social Inequalities from Remnants of Hurricane Ida
The Influence of Climate Change on Flooding and Social Inequalities from Remnants of Hurricane Ida Open
Previous research has demonstrated that tropical cyclone-related precipitation and flooding have been increased by anthropogenic global warming. Our work aims to quantify the contribution of climate change to the deadly flooding from the r…
View article: Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated extreme water level in shallow and converging coastal systems
Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated extreme water level in shallow and converging coastal systems Open
Based on the projected increase in hurricane landfall frequency on the middle to lower U.S. East Coast, we examined the crucial role of the estuarine wind field in exacerbating coastal flooding. A regionally refined atmospheric and two hig…
View article: Insights on Simulating Summer Warming of the Great Lakes: Understanding the Behavior of a Newly Developed Coupled Lake‐Atmosphere Modeling System
Insights on Simulating Summer Warming of the Great Lakes: Understanding the Behavior of a Newly Developed Coupled Lake‐Atmosphere Modeling System Open
The Laurentian Great Lakes are the world's largest freshwater system and regulate the climate of the Great Lakes region, which has been increasingly experiencing climatic, hydrological, and ecological changes. An accurate mechanistic repre…
View article: Intensification of Hurricane Sally (2020) over the Mississippi River Plume
Intensification of Hurricane Sally (2020) over the Mississippi River Plume Open
Tropical Cyclone (TC) Sally formed on 11 September 2020, traveled through the Gulf of Mexico (GMX), and intensified rapidly before making landfall on the Alabama coast as a devastating category-2 TC with extensive coastal and inland floodi…
View article: Estuarine hurricane wind and Delaware Bay and River extreme water level
Estuarine hurricane wind and Delaware Bay and River extreme water level Open
DHSVM and FVCOM model datasets used in the result analysis of the manuscript article "Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated coastal and riverine extreme water level"
View article: Estuarine hurricane wind and Delaware Bay and River extreme water level
Estuarine hurricane wind and Delaware Bay and River extreme water level Open
DHSVM and FVCOM model datasets used in the result analysis of the manuscript article "Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated coastal and riverine extreme water level"
View article: Quantification of Physical and Numerical Mixing in a Coastal Ocean Model Using Salinity Variance Budgets
Quantification of Physical and Numerical Mixing in a Coastal Ocean Model Using Salinity Variance Budgets Open
Numerical mixing, the spurious mixing primarily generated by the discretization of advection, is often significant in estuarine and coastal models due to sharp, energetic fronts. We compare on‐ and offline estimates of numerical mixing in …
View article: Contrasting effects of lake breeze and urbanization on heat stress in Chicago metropolitan area
Contrasting effects of lake breeze and urbanization on heat stress in Chicago metropolitan area Open