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View article: Artificial intelligence agents in orthopaedics: Concepts, capabilities and the road ahead
Artificial intelligence agents in orthopaedics: Concepts, capabilities and the road ahead Open
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in orthopaedics, yet current models are often limited to narrow, isolated tasks like analysing an X‐ray or predicting a single outcome. This paper introduces AI agents—a new class of AI sys…
View article: A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research—Part 5: Data management
A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research—Part 5: Data management Open
While the magnitude and types of data available to orthopaedic researchers are steadily growing, standardized and efficient data management workflows for orthopaedic research using artificial intelligence (AI) are currently lacking. This w…
View article: Clotho: Measuring Task-Specific Pre-Generation Test Adequacy for LLM Inputs
Clotho: Measuring Task-Specific Pre-Generation Test Adequacy for LLM Inputs Open
Software increasingly relies on the emergent capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), from natural language understanding to program analysis and generation. Yet testing them on specific tasks remains difficult and costly: many prompt…
View article: Exploring the Interaction of Code Coverage and Non‐Coverage Objectives in Search‐Based Test Generation
Exploring the Interaction of Code Coverage and Non‐Coverage Objectives in Search‐Based Test Generation Open
Search‐based test generation typically targets structural coverage of source code. Past research suggests that targeting coverage alone is insufficient to yield tests that achieve common testing goals (e.g., discovering situations where a …
View article: Adaptive Random Testing with Q-grams: The Illusion Comes True
Adaptive Random Testing with Q-grams: The Illusion Comes True Open
Adaptive Random Testing (ART) has faced criticism, particularly for its computational inefficiency, as highlighted by Arcuri and Briand. Their analysis clarified how ART requires a quadratic number of distance computations as the number of…
View article: Adaptive Random Testing with Q-grams: The Illusion Comes True
Adaptive Random Testing with Q-grams: The Illusion Comes True Open
Adaptive Random Testing (ART) has faced criticism, particularly for its computational inefficiency, as highlighted by Arcuri and Briand. Their analysis clarified how ART requires a quadratic number of distance computations as the number of…
View article: Artificial intelligence‐assisted analysis of musculoskeletal imaging—A narrative review of the current state of machine learning models
Artificial intelligence‐assisted analysis of musculoskeletal imaging—A narrative review of the current state of machine learning models Open
The potential of Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly recognized in musculoskeletal radiology, offering solutions to challenges posed by increasing imaging volumes and fellowship trained radiologist shortages. The integration of AI…
View article: SETBVE: Quality-Diversity Driven Exploration of Software Boundary Behaviors
SETBVE: Quality-Diversity Driven Exploration of Software Boundary Behaviors Open
Software systems exhibit distinct behaviors based on input characteristics, and failures often occur at the boundaries between input domains. Traditional Boundary Value Analysis (BVA) relies on manual heuristics, while automated Boundary V…
View article: Comparative analysis of text mining and clustering techniques for assessing functional dependency between manual test cases
Comparative analysis of text mining and clustering techniques for assessing functional dependency between manual test cases Open
Text mining techniques, particularly those leveraging machine learning for natural language processing, have gained significant attention for qualitative data analysis in software testing. However, their complexity and lack of transparency…
View article: Cross-Functional AI Task Forces (X-FAITs) for AI Transformation of Software Organizations
Cross-Functional AI Task Forces (X-FAITs) for AI Transformation of Software Organizations Open
This experience report introduces the Cross-Functional AI Task Force (X-FAIT) framework to bridge the gap between strategic AI ambitions and operational execution within software-intensive organizations. Drawing from an Action Research cas…
View article: The Factors Influencing Well-Being in Software Engineers: A Cross-Country Mixed-Method Study
The Factors Influencing Well-Being in Software Engineers: A Cross-Country Mixed-Method Study Open
The well-being of software engineers is increasingly under strain due to the high-stress nature of their roles, which involve complex problem-solving, tight deadlines, and the pressures of rapidly evolving technologies. Despite increasing …
View article: A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research—Part 7: Risks, limitations, safety and verification of medical AI systems
A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research—Part 7: Risks, limitations, safety and verification of medical AI systems Open
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been influencing healthcare and medical research for several years and will likely become indispensable in the near future. AI is intended to support healthcare professionals to make the healthcare system m…
View article: Beyond traditional orthopaedic data analysis: AI, multimodal models and continuous monitoring
Beyond traditional orthopaedic data analysis: AI, multimodal models and continuous monitoring Open
Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionise healthcare by enabling the simultaneous processing and integration of various data types, including medical imaging, electronic health records, genomic information …
View article: Capturing Semantic Flow of ML-based Systems
Capturing Semantic Flow of ML-based Systems Open
ML-based systems are software systems that incorporates machine learning components such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) or Large Language Models (LLMs). While such systems enable advanced features such as high performance computer vision, …
View article: Challenges in Testing Large Language Model Based Software: A Faceted Taxonomy
Challenges in Testing Large Language Model Based Software: A Faceted Taxonomy Open
Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-Agent LLMs (MALLMs) introduce non-determinism unlike traditional or machine learning software, requiring new approaches to verifying correctness beyond simple output comparisons or statistical accurac…
View article: Automating a Complete Software Test Process Using LLMs: An Automotive Case Study
Automating a Complete Software Test Process Using LLMs: An Automotive Case Study Open
Vehicle API testing verifies whether the interactions between a vehicle's internal systems and external applications meet expectations, ensuring that users can access and control various vehicle functions and data. However, this task is in…
View article: Qualitative Research Methods in Software Engineering: Past, Present, and Future
Qualitative Research Methods in Software Engineering: Past, Present, and Future Open
The paper entitled "Qualitative Methods in Empirical Studies of Software Engineering" by Carolyn Seaman was published in TSE in 1999. It has been chosen as one of the most influential papers from the third decade of TSE's 50 years history.…
View article: An Empirical Study on Decision-Making Aspects in Responsible Software Engineering for AI
An Empirical Study on Decision-Making Aspects in Responsible Software Engineering for AI Open
Incorporating responsible practices into software engineering (SE) for AI is essential to ensure ethical principles, societal impact, and accountability remain at the forefront of AI system design and deployment. This study investigates th…
View article: Adaptive Testing for LLM-Based Applications: A Diversity-based Approach
Adaptive Testing for LLM-Based Applications: A Diversity-based Approach Open
The recent surge of building software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the development of various testing frameworks, primarily focused on treating prompt templates as the unit of testing. Despite the significant …
View article: Ranking approaches for similarity-based web element location
Ranking approaches for similarity-based web element location Open
Context: GUI-based tests for web applications are frequently broken by fragility, i.e. regression tests fail due to changing properties of the web elements. The most influential factor for fragility are the locators used in the scripts, i.…
View article: Human-Centered AI Transformation: Exploring Behavioral Dynamics in Software Engineering
Human-Centered AI Transformation: Exploring Behavioral Dynamics in Software Engineering Open
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes integral to software development, understanding the social and cooperative dynamics that affect AI-driven organizational change is important. Yet, despite AI's rapid progress and influence, the human…
View article: Causal program dependence analysis
Causal program dependence analysis Open
Discovering how program components affect one another plays a fundamental role in aiding engineers comprehend and maintain a software system. Despite the fact that the degree to which one program component depends upon another can vary in …
View article: Domain generalization through meta-learning: a survey
Domain generalization through meta-learning: a survey Open
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence but often lack performance when faced with out-of-distribution data, a common scenario due to the inevitable domain shifts in real-world applications. This limitation …
View article: GoNoGo: An Efficient LLM-based Multi-Agent System for Streamlining Automotive Software Release Decision-Making
GoNoGo: An Efficient LLM-based Multi-Agent System for Streamlining Automotive Software Release Decision-Making Open
Traditional methods for making software deployment decisions in the automotive industry typically rely on manual analysis of tabular software test data. These methods often lead to higher costs and delays in the software release cycle due …
View article: Improving Web Element Localization by Using a Large Language Model
Improving Web Element Localization by Using a Large Language Model Open
Web‐based test automation heavily relies on accurately finding web elements. Traditional methods compare attributes but do not grasp the context and meaning of elements and words. The emergence of large language models (LLMs) like GPT‐4, w…
View article: The artificial intelligence advantage: Supercharging exploratory data analysis
The artificial intelligence advantage: Supercharging exploratory data analysis Open
Explorative data analysis (EDA) is a critical step in scientific projects, aiming to uncover valuable insights and patterns within data. Traditionally, EDA involves manual inspection, visualization, and various statistical methods. The adv…
View article: The Social Psychology of Software Security (Psycurity)
The Social Psychology of Software Security (Psycurity) Open
This position paper explores the intricate relationship between social psychology and secure software engineering, underscoring the vital role social psychology plays in the realm of engineering secure software systems. Beyond a mere techn…
View article: ChatGPT can yield valuable responses in the context of orthopaedic trauma surgery
ChatGPT can yield valuable responses in the context of orthopaedic trauma surgery Open
Purpose To assess the possibility of using Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) specifically in the context of orthopaedic trauma surgery by questions posed to ChatGPT and to evaluate responses (correctness, completeness and adaptiv…
View article: A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research, Part 6: How to evaluate the performance of AI research?
A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research, Part 6: How to evaluate the performance of AI research? Open
Artificial intelligence's (AI) accelerating progress demands rigorous evaluation standards to ensure safe, effective integration into healthcare's high‐stakes decisions. As AI increasingly enables prediction, analysis and judgement capabil…