Róbert Iván Gál
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View article: Real-World Comparison of FFR and QFR: New Perspectives on the Functional Assessment of Coronary Stenoses
Real-World Comparison of FFR and QFR: New Perspectives on the Functional Assessment of Coronary Stenoses Open
Background/Objectives: The diagnostic value of Quantitative Flow Ratio (QFR) with respect to Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) in real-world settings is not well described, and neither are the factors influencing the bias of QFR versus FFR wel…
View article: Correlation and Relative Prognostic Power of Post–Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Fractional Flow Reserve and Quantitative Flow Ratio
Correlation and Relative Prognostic Power of Post–Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Fractional Flow Reserve and Quantitative Flow Ratio Open
Background Post–percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an established method to evaluate the functional result of angiographically successful PCI; however, it is rarely measured. Quantitative flow ratio (…
View article: Taxing reproduction: the full transfer cost of rearing children in Europe
Taxing reproduction: the full transfer cost of rearing children in Europe Open
What are the intergenerational resource transfer contributions of parents and non-parents in Europe? Using National Transfer Accounts and National Time Transfer Accounts for 12 countries around 2010, we go beyond public transfers (net taxe…
View article: Welfare states as lifecycle redistribution machines: Decomposing the roles of age and socio-economic status shows that European tax-and-benefit systems primarily redistribute across age groups
Welfare states as lifecycle redistribution machines: Decomposing the roles of age and socio-economic status shows that European tax-and-benefit systems primarily redistribute across age groups Open
Social scientists identify two core functions of modern welfare states as redistribution across (a) socio-economic status groups (Robin Hood) and (b) ‘the lifecycle’ (the piggy bank). But what is the relative importance of these functions?…
View article: Intergenerational Resource Transfers as the Cement of Society: The Asymmetric Roles of Families and Policies
Intergenerational Resource Transfers as the Cement of Society: The Asymmetric Roles of Families and Policies Open
European societies transfer more per capita resources to children than to the elderly, once we go beyond mere public transfer data and also take into account intra-household private transfers by families. Mostly, these are resources parent…
View article: Poor Targeting? Targeting the Poor? Redistribution in the Hungarian Welfare System by Age and Socio-Economic Status
Poor Targeting? Targeting the Poor? Redistribution in the Hungarian Welfare System by Age and Socio-Economic Status Open
In line with previous research, we confirm that welfare programs in Hungary are poorly targeted in terms of socio-economic status (SES). However, by adding age to our models, we demonstrate that even if the status is irrelevant in explaini…
View article: Pro-elderly welfare states within child-oriented societies
Pro-elderly welfare states within child-oriented societies Open
Families and policies both are main vehicles of intergenerational transfers. Working-age people are net contributors; children and older persons net beneficiaries. However, there is an asymmetry in socialization. Working-age people pay tax…
View article: The transfer cost of parenthood in Europe
The transfer cost of parenthood in Europe Open
What are the net resource transfer burdens of working-age parents and non-parents in Europe? We estimate all cash, in-kind, and time transfers of the market economy and the household economy, through both public and familial channels, for …
View article: Labor Market Participation and Postponed Retirement in Central and Eastern Europe
Labor Market Participation and Postponed Retirement in Central and Eastern Europe Open
This paper shows that as the educational composition in the 55-64-year-old age bracket improved between the mid-1990s and the mid-2010s, the effective retirement age rose rapidly in the Central and Eastern European region.This increase was…
View article: Participation and Postponed Retirement in Central and Eastern Europe
Participation and Postponed Retirement in Central and Eastern Europe Open
This paper shows how the effective retirement age rose in eight countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Slovenia) between the mid-1990s and the mid-2010s. It f…
View article: Pro-elderly welfare states within child-oriented societies
Pro-elderly welfare states within child-oriented societies Open
Families and policies both are main vehicles of intergenerational transfers. Working-age people are net contributors; children and older persons net beneficiaries. However, there is an asymmetry in socialization. Working-age people pay tax…
View article: Economic Sustainability and Intergenerational Fairness: A New Taxonomy of Indicators
Economic Sustainability and Intergenerational Fairness: A New Taxonomy of Indicators Open
The aim of this paper is to facilitate informed choice about indicators of economic sustainability and intergenerational fairness and decisions about their uses. We focus on four issues. First, we found that the same type of indicator meas…
View article: Household production and consumption over the life cycle: National Time Transfer Accounts in 14 European countries
Household production and consumption over the life cycle: National Time Transfer Accounts in 14 European countries Open
Background: While the importance of unpaid household labour is recognised in total economic output, little is known about the demographics of household production and consumption. Objective: Our goal is to give a comprehensive estimation o…
View article: Pro-elderly welfare states within pro-child societies: Incorporating family cash and time into intergenerational transfers analysis.
Pro-elderly welfare states within pro-child societies: Incorporating family cash and time into intergenerational transfers analysis. Open
Households and welfare states both serve as vehicles of lifecycle financing through intergenerational transfers. Working-age people are net contributors, children and the elderly are net beneficiaries. However, there is a marked asymmetry …
View article: Pro-elderly welfare states within pro-child societies : Incorporating family cash and time into intergenerational transfers analysis
Pro-elderly welfare states within pro-child societies : Incorporating family cash and time into intergenerational transfers analysis Open
Households and welfare states both serve as vehicles of lifecycle financing through intergenerational transfers. Working-age people are net contributors, children and the elderly are net beneficiaries. However, there is a marked asymmetry …