Robert W. Spitz
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View article: TRPC6 Deficiency Attenuates Mitochondrial and Cardiac Dysfunction in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Induced by High-Fat Diet Plus L-NAME
TRPC6 Deficiency Attenuates Mitochondrial and Cardiac Dysfunction in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Induced by High-Fat Diet Plus L-NAME Open
Transient receptor potential canonical channel type 6 (TRPC6), a non-selective cation channel that mediates Ca2+ influx, is expressed in the heart and implicated in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, the role of TRPC6 in regulating…
View article: Sex differences in the chronic autoimmune response to myocardial infarction
Sex differences in the chronic autoimmune response to myocardial infarction Open
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes a robust inflammatory response, which is necessary for remodeling and scar formation of the infarcted left ventricle (LV). However, this can lead to chronic systemic inflammation and persistent autoimmune …
View article: Perceived Discomfort is Decreased After Repeated Bouts of Isometric Handgrip Exercise With and Without Blood Flow Restriction
Perceived Discomfort is Decreased After Repeated Bouts of Isometric Handgrip Exercise With and Without Blood Flow Restriction Open
Blood flow restricted exercise appears to be more discomforting than the same exercise without blood flow restriction. Changes in discomfort have not been investigated following repeated bouts of isometric exercise. It is possible that the…
View article: Targeting the Brain Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway to Treat Heart Failure
Targeting the Brain Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway to Treat Heart Failure Open
Purpose of the Review The role of leptin in regulating cardiac function is still controversial with conflicting results in clinical and preclinical studies. However, most previous studies have not considered leptin’s powerful cardiac effec…
View article: Unilateral high-load resistance training induced a similar cross-education of strength between the dominant and non-dominant arm
Unilateral high-load resistance training induced a similar cross-education of strength between the dominant and non-dominant arm Open
It was previously hypothesized that the cross-education of strength is asymmetrical, where a greater transfer of strength is observed from the dominant to the non-dominant limb. The purpose of this study was to examine if the magnitude of …
View article: Blood flow restriction pressure for narrow cuffs (5 cm) cannot be estimated with precision
Blood flow restriction pressure for narrow cuffs (5 cm) cannot be estimated with precision Open
Blood flow restriction pressures are set relative to the lowest pressure needed to occlude blood flow with that specific cuff. Due to pressure limitations of some devices, it is often not possible to occlude blood flow in all subjects and …
View article: Blood flow restriction augments exercise-induced pressure pain thresholds over repetition and effort matched conditions
Blood flow restriction augments exercise-induced pressure pain thresholds over repetition and effort matched conditions Open
We sought to determine the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) on exercise-induced hypoalgesia, specifically using low-load (LL) resistance exercise (30% 1RM) protocols that accounted for each individual's local muscular endurance capa…
View article: 571. Safety and Immunogenicity of INO-4800, a COVID-19 DNA Vaccine as a Primary Series and Booster
571. Safety and Immunogenicity of INO-4800, a COVID-19 DNA Vaccine as a Primary Series and Booster Open
Background DNA vaccines are safe, tolerable, elicit humoral and cellular responses, allow for repeated dosing over time, are thermostable at room temperature, and are easy to manufacture. We present a compilation of Phase 1 and Phase 2 dat…
View article: Safety and immunogenicity of INO-4800 DNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, Phase 2 clinical trial in adults at high risk of viral exposure
Safety and immunogenicity of INO-4800 DNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, Phase 2 clinical trial in adults at high risk of viral exposure Open
Background Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are still urgently needed as only 5% of the global population has been vaccinated. Here we report the safety and immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine (INO-4800) targeting the full-length Spike antigen of S…
View article: Subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution and serum lipid/lipoprotein in unmedicated postmenopausal women: A B-mode ultrasound study
Subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution and serum lipid/lipoprotein in unmedicated postmenopausal women: A B-mode ultrasound study Open
Background It has been observed that gluteal-femoral adipose tissue has a protective effect against risk factors for cardiovascular disease but has not yet been concluded how different evaluation methods of fat distribution affect the resu…
View article: Blood Flow Restriction Exercise: Effects of Sex, Cuff Width, and Cuff Pressure on Perceived Lower Body Discomfort
Blood Flow Restriction Exercise: Effects of Sex, Cuff Width, and Cuff Pressure on Perceived Lower Body Discomfort Open
Narrow cuffs cause less discomfort than wide cuffs immediately following elbow flexion exercise in combination with blood flow restriction, possibly due to a balling up effect of the bicep underneath the cuff. In this study, we sought to e…
View article: The influence of training variables on lingual strength and swallowing in adults with and without dysphagia
The influence of training variables on lingual strength and swallowing in adults with and without dysphagia Open
Background Swallowing disorders (dysphagia) occur in a large proportion of individuals over the age of 60. The improvement of tongue strength by resistance exercise is postulated to be directly related to lingual‐palatal pressure generatio…
View article: Effects of Age, Sex, Disease, and Exercise Training on Lip Muscle Strength
Effects of Age, Sex, Disease, and Exercise Training on Lip Muscle Strength Open
Lip muscle strength has been shown to influence daily functional activities such as facial expression, speech production, and eating. In this review, recent literature regarding lip strength and exercise training responses are summarized, …
View article: A Practical Method for Assessing Lip Compression Strengthening in Healthy Adults
A Practical Method for Assessing Lip Compression Strengthening in Healthy Adults Open
There is no practical and accessible assessment method to evaluate lip muscle compression strength. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the standard method (i.e., Iowa Oral Performance Instrument) and a practi…
View article: Assessments of Facial Muscle Thickness by Ultrasound in Younger Adults: Absolute and Relative Reliability
Assessments of Facial Muscle Thickness by Ultrasound in Younger Adults: Absolute and Relative Reliability Open
The absolute reliability (i.e., standard error of measurement and minimal difference) of a measurement is important to consider when assessing training effects. However, the absolute reliability for ultrasound measured facial muscle thickn…
View article: The Perceived Tightness Scale Does Not Provide Reliable Estimates of Blood Flow Restriction Pressure
The Perceived Tightness Scale Does Not Provide Reliable Estimates of Blood Flow Restriction Pressure Open
Context : The perceived tightness scale is suggested to be an effective method for setting subocclusive pressures with practical blood flow restriction. However, the reliability of this scale is unknown and is important as the reliability …
View article: Agreement between the Open Barbell and Tendo Linear Position Transducers for Monitoring Barbell Velocity during Resistance Exercise
Agreement between the Open Barbell and Tendo Linear Position Transducers for Monitoring Barbell Velocity during Resistance Exercise Open
To determine the agreement between the Open Barbell (OB) and Tendo weightlifting analyzer (TWA) for measuring barbell velocity, eleven men (19.4 ± 1.0 y) performed one set of 2–3 repetitions at four sub-maximal percentage loads, [i.e., 30,…
View article: Effect of Hip Abduction Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction on Lumbar Motion and Power Output During the Back Squat
Effect of Hip Abduction Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction on Lumbar Motion and Power Output During the Back Squat Open
Background: Post-activation potentiation (PAP) is a neuromuscular phenomenon that has been shown to augment muscular force generating attributes as well as neural and sensory recruitment. While PAP has demonstrated to acutely enhance muscu…
View article: Postablation Endometrial Carcinoma
Postablation Endometrial Carcinoma Open
We introduce 6 new cases of postablation endometrial carcinoma (PAEC), 4 of which occurred after the introduction of global endometrial ablation (GEA) techniques. In addition, we examine several key questions regarding the impact of EA on …