Roberto Saletti
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View article: Advanced Algorithm for SOC, Internal Resistance, and SOH Co-Estimation of Lithium-Titanate-Oxide Batteries Using Neural Networks
Advanced Algorithm for SOC, Internal Resistance, and SOH Co-Estimation of Lithium-Titanate-Oxide Batteries Using Neural Networks Open
Lithium-titanate-oxide batteries can reduce the long charging time of electric vehicles by offering fast charging capabilities. However, high charging currents require an accurate estimation of battery internal state to prevent early aging…
View article: Open Hardware/Software Modular Battery Emulator for Battery Management Systems Development and Functional Testing
Open Hardware/Software Modular Battery Emulator for Battery Management Systems Development and Functional Testing Open
Lithium-ion Batteries are widely used in several applications but require complex management systems to ensure their safe and effective usage. Algorithm development and functional testing are among the most complex and time-consuming phase…
View article: Cloud-Based Optimization of a Battery Model Parameter Identification Algorithm for Battery State-of-Health Estimation in Electric Vehicles
Cloud-Based Optimization of a Battery Model Parameter Identification Algorithm for Battery State-of-Health Estimation in Electric Vehicles Open
Connectivity and cloud computing are key elements in the future of electric mobility. They allow manufacturers to provide advanced fleet management and predictive diagnostic services. In particular, cloud computing dramatically enhances da…
View article: A novel methodology to study and compare active energy-balance architectures with dynamic equalization for second-life battery applications
A novel methodology to study and compare active energy-balance architectures with dynamic equalization for second-life battery applications Open
The continuous growth of the electric vehicles market and the increasing environmental awareness impose to search for innovative solutions to reuse the exhausted vehicle batteries in different applications. One of the main problems of seco…
View article: A Novel and Robust Security Approach for Authentication, Integrity, and Confidentiality of Lithium-ion Battery Management Systems
A Novel and Robust Security Approach for Authentication, Integrity, and Confidentiality of Lithium-ion Battery Management Systems Open
Battery management systems (BMSs) play a critical and crucial role in ensuring the safety and the efficiency of the batteries. The increasing BMS complexity, the expanding interconnections between batteries and applications, and the introd…
View article: Modular Battery Emulator for Development and Functional Testing of Battery Management Systems: Hardware Design and Characterization
Modular Battery Emulator for Development and Functional Testing of Battery Management Systems: Hardware Design and Characterization Open
Battery Management Systems are essential for safe and effective use of Lithium-Ion batteries. The increasing complexity of the control and estimation algorithms requires deeper functional testing and validation phases of BMSs. However, the…
View article: Reliability Estimation of Commercial Na-NiCl2 Batteries Using Theoretical and Simulative Approaches
Reliability Estimation of Commercial Na-NiCl2 Batteries Using Theoretical and Simulative Approaches Open
Sodium-Metal Halide Batteries are a promising and cheap alternative to lithium-ion ones for stationary applications such as smart grids. However, the reliability of their elementary cell is low, and a battery composed of hundreds of cells …
View article: Modular Battery Emulator for Development and Functional Testing of Battery Management Systems: The Cell Emulator
Modular Battery Emulator for Development and Functional Testing of Battery Management Systems: The Cell Emulator Open
Battery Management Systems are fundamental components of the present battery generation. The development and characterization phases of a BMS often require an emulator of the battery cells with which the Battery Management System functions…
View article: DC & Hybrid Micro-Grids
DC & Hybrid Micro-Grids Open
This reprint is a printed version of the papers published in the Special Issue “DC & Hybrid Microgrids” of Applied Sciences. This Special Issue, co-organized by the University of Pisa, Italy and Østfold University College in Norway, has co…
View article: An Open-Hardware and Low-Cost Maintenance Tool for Light-Electric-Vehicle Batteries
An Open-Hardware and Low-Cost Maintenance Tool for Light-Electric-Vehicle Batteries Open
The large increment expected in the diffusion of light-electric-vehicles will raise several issues that must be addressed to cope with this trend, including battery diagnostic and maintenance services. The battery system is the most expens…
View article: On the Sizing of the DC-Link Capacitor to Increase the Power Transfer in a Series-Series Inductive Resonant Wireless Charging Station
On the Sizing of the DC-Link Capacitor to Increase the Power Transfer in a Series-Series Inductive Resonant Wireless Charging Station Open
Wireless inductive-coupled power transfer is a very appealing technique for the battery recharge of autonomous devices like surveillance drones. The charger design mainly focuses on lightness and fast-charging to improve the drone mission …
View article: Recent Trends in DC and Hybrid Microgrids: Opportunities from Renewables Sources, Battery Energy Storages and Bi-Directional Converters
Recent Trends in DC and Hybrid Microgrids: Opportunities from Renewables Sources, Battery Energy Storages and Bi-Directional Converters Open
This editorial manuscript reviews the papers accepted for publication in the Special Issue “DC & Hybrid Microgrids” of Applied Sciences. This Special Issue, co-organized by the University of Pisa, Italy and Østfold University College in No…
View article: Experimental Investigation of an Electrical Model for Sodium–Nickel Chloride Batteries
Experimental Investigation of an Electrical Model for Sodium–Nickel Chloride Batteries Open
This work describes the experimental characterization of a commercial sodium–nickel chloride battery and the investigation on a state-of-the-art model that represents the battery behavior. This battery technology is considered very promisi…
View article: Effect of the DC-Link Capacitor Size on the Wireless Inductive-Coupled Opportunity-Charging of a Drone Battery
Effect of the DC-Link Capacitor Size on the Wireless Inductive-Coupled Opportunity-Charging of a Drone Battery Open
Wireless inductive-coupled power transfer and opportunity battery charging are very appealing techniques in drone applications. Weight and size are very critical constraints in drones, so the battery and the on-board electronics must be as…
View article: Hybrid Micro-Grids Exploiting Renewables Sources, Battery Energy Storages, and Bi-Directional Converters
Hybrid Micro-Grids Exploiting Renewables Sources, Battery Energy Storages, and Bi-Directional Converters Open
This paper analyzes trends in renewable-energy-sources (RES), power converters, and control strategies, as well as battery energy storage and the relevant issues in battery charging and monitoring, with reference to a new and improved ener…
View article: Memory Requirement Reduction of Deep Neural Networks Using Low-bit Quantization of Parameters
Memory Requirement Reduction of Deep Neural Networks Using Low-bit Quantization of Parameters Open
Effective employment of deep neural networks (DNNs) in mobile devices and embedded systems is hampered by requirements for memory and computational power. This paper presents a non-uniform quantization approach which allows for dynamic qua…
View article: Open and Flexible Li-ion Battery Tester Based on Python Language and Raspberry Pi
Open and Flexible Li-ion Battery Tester Based on Python Language and Raspberry Pi Open
Technology improvements and cost reduction allow electrochemical energy storage systems based on Lithium-ion cells to massively be used in medium-power applications, where the low system cost is the major constraint. Battery pack maintenan…
View article: Advances in Li-Ion Battery Management for Electric Vehicles
Advances in Li-Ion Battery Management for Electric Vehicles Open
This paper aims at presenting new solutions for advanced Li-Ion battery management to meet the performance, cost and safety requirements of automotive applications. Emphasis is given to monitoring and controlling the battery temperature, a…
View article: Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for Assessing Battery State Estimators in Electric Vehicles
Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for Assessing Battery State Estimators in Electric Vehicles Open
The development of new algorithms for the management and state estimation of lithiumion batteries requires their verification and performance assessment using different approaches and tools. This paper aims at presenting an advanced hardwa…
View article: Low-cost modular battery emulator for battery management system testing
Low-cost modular battery emulator for battery management system testing Open
This paper discusses the implementation of a custom battery emulator, specifically designed for functional testing of battery management systems at the end of the production line. Particular care has been paid to make the design of the bat…
View article: Flexible platform with wireless interface for DC-motor remote control
Flexible platform with wireless interface for DC-motor remote control Open
Several portable applications, such as small electric vehicles and power tools, often require the use of direct current (DC) motors that significantly differ from one to another in terms of power, torque, and driving techniques. New market…
View article: Tuning of Moving Window Least Squares-based algorithm for online battery parameter estimation
Tuning of Moving Window Least Squares-based algorithm for online battery parameter estimation Open
Online battery parameter identification algorithms, such as the Moving Window Least Squares, allow model-based state estimators with low computational intensity to be very accurate. This paper presents a procedure for tuning the algorithm …
View article: Simulation platform for analyzing battery parallelization
Simulation platform for analyzing battery parallelization Open
This paper discusses a simulation platform for predicting the behavior of a battery system comprising two batteries, which can be parallelized in a controllable way. The model of the battery, the load and the parallelization algorithm is d…
View article: Experimental analysis of an electric minibus with small battery and fast charge policy
Experimental analysis of an electric minibus with small battery and fast charge policy Open
The lead-acid battery of an electric minibus has been replaced with a smaller size lithium-ion battery system consisting of standard 12 V modules and a hierarchical battery management system. The minibus has experimentally been tested to s…
View article: System on chip battery state estimator: E-bike case study
System on chip battery state estimator: E-bike case study Open
This paper discusses the hardware implementation and experimental validation of a model-based battery state estimator. The model parameters are identified online using the moving window least squares method. The estimator is implemented in…
View article: Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of FPGA-based state estimators for electric vehicle batteries
Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of FPGA-based state estimators for electric vehicle batteries Open
This paper describes a hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) simulation platform specifically designed to test state estimators for Li-ion batteries in electric vehicle applications. Two promising estimators, the Mix algorithm combined with the movin…
View article: E-transportation: the role of embedded systems in electric energy transfer from grid to vehicle
E-transportation: the role of embedded systems in electric energy transfer from grid to vehicle Open
Electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising solution to reduce the transportation dependency on oil, as well as the environmental concerns. Realization of E-transportation relies on providing electrical energy to the EVs in an effective way. E…
View article: Performance measurements of energy storage systems and control strategies in real-world e-bikes
Performance measurements of energy storage systems and control strategies in real-world e-bikes Open
The paper presents a measurement campaign (electrical, thermal and user comfort) for the performance characterization of energy storage systems in real-world electric bicycles. Specific sensors were added to characterize three vehicles whi…