Rolando R. García
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View article: Stratospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere: Links to Tropical Winds, Ozone, and the Hunga Eruption - Part 1: Evidence from ERA5 Reanalysis
Stratospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere: Links to Tropical Winds, Ozone, and the Hunga Eruption - Part 1: Evidence from ERA5 Reanalysis Open
View article: Stratospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere: links to tropical winds, ozone and the Hunga Eruption -Part 2: Evidence from a Global Chemistry-Climate Model
Stratospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere: links to tropical winds, ozone and the Hunga Eruption -Part 2: Evidence from a Global Chemistry-Climate Model Open
View article: Stratospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere: Links to Tropical Winds, Ozone, and the Hunga Eruption - Part 1: Evidence from ERA5 Reanalysis
Stratospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere: Links to Tropical Winds, Ozone, and the Hunga Eruption - Part 1: Evidence from ERA5 Reanalysis Open
View article: The Path Toward Vertical Grid Options for the Community Atmosphere Model Version 7: The Impact of Vertical Resolution on the QBO and Tropical Waves
The Path Toward Vertical Grid Options for the Community Atmosphere Model Version 7: The Impact of Vertical Resolution on the QBO and Tropical Waves Open
The Community Earth System Model currently contains two primary atmospheric configurations: the Community Atmosphere Model 6 (CAM6, 32 levels, 40‐km top); and the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model 6 (WACCM6, 70 levels, 140‐km top). …
View article: Implementation of Sub‐Grid Scale Temperature Perturbations Induced by Non‐Orographic Gravity Waves in WACCM6
Implementation of Sub‐Grid Scale Temperature Perturbations Induced by Non‐Orographic Gravity Waves in WACCM6 Open
Atmospheric gravity waves can play a significant role on atmospheric chemistry through temperature fluctuations. A recent modeling study introduced a method to implement subgrid‐scale orographic gravity‐wave‐induced temperature perturbatio…
View article: Long‐Term Temperature Impacts of the Hunga Volcanic Eruption in the Stratosphere and Above
Long‐Term Temperature Impacts of the Hunga Volcanic Eruption in the Stratosphere and Above Open
Global average upper atmosphere temperature changes linked with the Hunga volcanic eruption (January 2022) are analyzed based on satellite measurements and compared with chemistry‐climate model simulations. Results show stratospheric cooli…
View article: A review of global long-term changes in the mesosphere, thermosphere and ionosphere: A starting point for inclusion in (semi-) empirical models
A review of global long-term changes in the mesosphere, thermosphere and ionosphere: A starting point for inclusion in (semi-) empirical models Open
The climate of the upper atmosphere, including the mesosphere, thermosphere and ionosphere, is changing. As data records are much more limited than in the lower atmosphere and solar variability becomes increasingly dominant at higher altit…
View article: On the Abnormally Strong Westward Phase of the Mesospheric Semiannual Oscillation at Low Latitudes During March Equinox 2023
On the Abnormally Strong Westward Phase of the Mesospheric Semiannual Oscillation at Low Latitudes During March Equinox 2023 Open
Different meteor radars at low latitudes observed abnormally strong westward mesospheric winds around the March Equinox of 2023, that is, during the first phase of the Mesospheric Semiannual Oscillation. This event was the strongest of at …
View article: Energy Conservation in the Cooling and Contracting Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere
Energy Conservation in the Cooling and Contracting Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Open
Time series of radiative cooling of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (UMLT) by carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) are examined for evidence of trends over 20 years. Radiative cooling rates in K day −1 provided by the SABER instrument are co…
View article: A momentum budget study of the semi‐annual oscillation in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model
A momentum budget study of the semi‐annual oscillation in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Open
The representation of the semi‐annual oscillation (SAO) in climate models shows a common easterly bias of several tens of metres per second compared to observations. These biases could be due to deficiencies in eastward tropical wave forci…
View article: Contributions of Parameterized Gravity Waves and Resolved Equatorial Waves to the QBO Period in a Future Climate of CESM2
Contributions of Parameterized Gravity Waves and Resolved Equatorial Waves to the QBO Period in a Future Climate of CESM2 Open
Contributions of the resolved waves and parameterized gravity waves to changes in the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) in a future simulation (2015–2100) under the SSP370 scenario are investigated using the Community Earth System Model 2 (…
View article: Comparison of different stratospheric parameters from reanalysis and satellite data
Comparison of different stratospheric parameters from reanalysis and satellite data Open
In this study we compare various stratospheric parameters obtained from reanalysis and satellite data. The data from ERA5.1, MERRA2, JRA55, and JRA3Q reanalysis, as well as from the MLS and SABER satellite instruments are used to assess th…
View article: Overview of the impact of climate change on the structure and dynamical properties of the stratosphere
Overview of the impact of climate change on the structure and dynamical properties of the stratosphere Open
Climate change has a significant impact on the structure and properties of the Earth's atmosphere above the tropopause. The most noticeable effects include a decrease in temperature and density. However, it is difficult to establish trends…
View article: The Dominant Role of the Summer Hemisphere in Subtropical Lower Stratospheric Wave Drag Trends
The Dominant Role of the Summer Hemisphere in Subtropical Lower Stratospheric Wave Drag Trends Open
It is well established that the shallow branch of the Brewer‐Dobson circulation accelerates in a warming climate due to enhanced wave drag in the subtropical lower stratosphere. This has been linked to the strengthening of the upper flanks…
View article: Stratospheric Climate Anomalies and Ozone Loss Caused by the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption
Stratospheric Climate Anomalies and Ozone Loss Caused by the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption Open
The Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption in January 2022 injected unprecedented amounts of water vapor (H 2 O) and a moderate amount of the aerosol precursor sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) into the Southern Hemisphere (SH) tropical s…
View article: Mesospheric Temperature and Circulation Response to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga‐Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption
Mesospheric Temperature and Circulation Response to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga‐Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption Open
The Hunga Tonga Hunga‐Ha'apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022 injected water vapor and SO 2 into the stratosphere. Several months after the eruption, significantly stronger westerlies, and a weaker Brewer‐Dobson circulation dev…
View article: Climate, Variability, and Climate Sensitivity of “Middle Atmosphere” Chemistry Configurations of the Community Earth System Model Version 2, Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 6 (CESM2(WACCM6))
Climate, Variability, and Climate Sensitivity of “Middle Atmosphere” Chemistry Configurations of the Community Earth System Model Version 2, Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 6 (CESM2(WACCM6)) Open
Simulating whole atmosphere dynamics, chemistry, and physics is computationally expensive. It can require high vertical resolution throughout the middle and upper atmosphere, as well as a comprehensive chemistry and aerosol scheme coupled …
View article: A Method for Estimating Global Subgrid‐Scale Orographic Gravity‐Wave Temperature Perturbations in Chemistry‐Climate Models
A Method for Estimating Global Subgrid‐Scale Orographic Gravity‐Wave Temperature Perturbations in Chemistry‐Climate Models Open
Many chemical processes depend non‐linearly on temperature. Gravity‐wave‐induced temperature perturbations have been shown to affect atmospheric chemistry, but accounting for this process in chemistry‐climate models has been a challenge be…
View article: Explicit simulation of gravity waves in whole atmosphere models
Explicit simulation of gravity waves in whole atmosphere models Open
Whitepaper #027 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: space weather applications; basic research. Additional topics: space weather research/applications/operations pipeline; planetary iono…
View article: WACCM6 Projections of Polar Mesospheric Cloud Abundance Over the 21st Century
WACCM6 Projections of Polar Mesospheric Cloud Abundance Over the 21st Century Open
Polar mesospheric clouds (PMC), or noctilucent clouds, can be observed over high latitudes with the naked eye from the ground or from space near the summer solstice. PMC are considered a direct and sensitive indicator of climate change and…
View article: Mesospheric temperature and circulation response to the Hunga Tonga-Hunga-Ha'apai volcanic eruption
Mesospheric temperature and circulation response to the Hunga Tonga-Hunga-Ha'apai volcanic eruption Open
The Hunga Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022 injected water vapor and SO2 into the stratosphere. Several months after the eruption, significantly stronger westerlies, and a weaker Brewer-Dobson circulation deve…
View article: Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER): Instrument and Science Measurement Description
Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER): Instrument and Science Measurement Description Open
SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) is a 10-channel infrared radiometer that is one of four instruments on the NASA TIMED (Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics) satellite mission to …
View article: Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER): Instrument and Science Measurement Description
Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER): Instrument and Science Measurement Description Open
SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) is a 10-channel infrared radiometer that is one of four instruments on the NASA TIMED (Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics) satellite mission to …
View article: On the magnitude and sensitivity of the quasi-biennial oscillation response to a tropical volcanic eruption
On the magnitude and sensitivity of the quasi-biennial oscillation response to a tropical volcanic eruption Open
Volcanic eruptions that inject sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere have the potential to alter large-scale circulation patterns, such as the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), which can affect weather and transport of chemical species. Her…
View article: The Holton–Tan mechanism under stratospheric aerosol intervention
The Holton–Tan mechanism under stratospheric aerosol intervention Open
The teleconnection between the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex, or the Holton–Tan (HT) relationship, may change in a warmer climate or one with stratospheric aerosol intervention (SAI) compared to…
View article: Algorithm Stability and the Long‐Term Geospace Data Record From TIMED/SABER
Algorithm Stability and the Long‐Term Geospace Data Record From TIMED/SABER Open
The ability of satellite instruments to accurately observe long‐term changes in atmospheric temperature depends on many factors including the absolute accuracy of the measurement, the stability of the calibration of the instrument, the sta…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2022-1096
Comment on egusphere-2022-1096 Open
Abstract. Volcanic eruptions that inject sulphur dioxide into the stratosphere have the potential to alter large-scale circulation patterns, such as the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), which can affect weather and transp…
View article: Climate, variability, and climate sensitivity of “Middle Atmosphere” chemistry configurations of the Community Earth System Model Version 2, Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 6 (CESM2(WACCM6))
Climate, variability, and climate sensitivity of “Middle Atmosphere” chemistry configurations of the Community Earth System Model Version 2, Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 6 (CESM2(WACCM6)) Open
Simulating whole atmosphere dynamics, chemistry, and physics is computationally expensive. It can require high vertical resolution throughout the middle and upper atmosphere, as well as a comprehensive chemistry and aerosol scheme coupled …
View article: Algorithm Stability and the Long-Term Geospace Data Record from TIMED/SABER
Algorithm Stability and the Long-Term Geospace Data Record from TIMED/SABER Open
The ability of satellite instruments to accurately observe long-term changes in atmospheric temperature depends on many factors including the absolute accuracy of the measurement, the stability of the calibration of the instrument, the sta…
View article: Comment on acp-2022-694
Comment on acp-2022-694 Open
The teleconnection between the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex, or the Holton-Tan (HT) relationship may change in a warmer climate or one with stratospheric aerosol intervention (SAI) as compared …