Ronald A. Cohen
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View article: Cannabis use, microbial diversity, and <i>Dialister</i> abundance in older adults with HIV: a cross-sectional study
Cannabis use, microbial diversity, and <i>Dialister</i> abundance in older adults with HIV: a cross-sectional study Open
Objectives People living with HIV (PLWH) frequently experience gastrointestinal symptoms linked to dysbiosis, impaired mucosal barrier integrity, and persistent immune activation. Cannabis is widely used for symptom management by PLWH, but…
View article: Evaluating Cross-Sectional Associations Between Cannabis Use and Prospective Memory in People with HIV
Evaluating Cross-Sectional Associations Between Cannabis Use and Prospective Memory in People with HIV Open
Prospective memory (PM) deficits are common among people with HIV (PWH) and are linked to poor clinical outcomes. Risk factors for PM deficits in PWH are poorly understood. While cannabis use is associated with worse PM in people without H…
View article: Your Brain Doesn’t Look a Day Past 70! Cross-Sectional Associations with Brain-Predicted Age in the Cognitively-Intact Oldest-Old
Your Brain Doesn’t Look a Day Past 70! Cross-Sectional Associations with Brain-Predicted Age in the Cognitively-Intact Oldest-Old Open
The cognitively-intact oldest-old (85+) may be the most-resilient members of their birth cohort; due to survivorship effects (e.g., depletion of susceptibles), risk factors associated with brain aging biomarkers in younger samples may not …
View article: Functional connectivity in distributed cortical networks associated with semantic processing in healthy older adults
Functional connectivity in distributed cortical networks associated with semantic processing in healthy older adults Open
Objective While word knowledge is typically well-preserved in aging, declines in executive control often observed in older adults may impact access and application of this knowledge. Evidence suggests aging is associated with declines in s…
View article: Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Related to Pain-Related Outcomes and Associated Cognitive Domains in Older Adults With Knee Pain: Preliminary Results From the PANDA Study.
Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Related to Pain-Related Outcomes and Associated Cognitive Domains in Older Adults With Knee Pain: Preliminary Results From the PANDA Study. Open
View article: “Surviving and Thriving”: evidence for cortical GABA stabilization in cognitively-intact oldest-old adults
“Surviving and Thriving”: evidence for cortical GABA stabilization in cognitively-intact oldest-old adults Open
View article: The Effects of Single Instance Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Cognition in MCI: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Crossover Trial
The Effects of Single Instance Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Cognition in MCI: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Crossover Trial Open
Background Transcutaneous stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (tVNS) was administered to participants diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to improve word‐list memory (primary outcome) and other cognitive skill…
View article: Aging, musical rhythm, and functional connectivity in the brain
Aging, musical rhythm, and functional connectivity in the brain Open
Background Aging associates with decreased functional connectivity between brain regions linked to musical rhythm perception. Producing rhythmic music may result in strengthened functional connectivity of these regions, but more evidence i…
View article: Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation with cognitive training on executive functions in healthy older adults: a secondary analysis from the ACT trial
Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation with cognitive training on executive functions in healthy older adults: a secondary analysis from the ACT trial Open
View article: Gait assessment in the initial evaluation of posterior circulation stroke
Gait assessment in the initial evaluation of posterior circulation stroke Open
View article: Frontal GABA levels associate with musical rhythm production in healthy aging adults
Frontal GABA levels associate with musical rhythm production in healthy aging adults Open
Changes in neuronal inhibition have been implicated in age-related declines in sensorimotor performance. While indirect evidence suggests that inhibitory mechanisms are also involved in rhythm entrainment, this association has not been tes…
View article: Deep Learning with Imbalanced Data Identifies Early Mild Cognitive Impairment Amongst Typical Older Adults (Preprint)
Deep Learning with Imbalanced Data Identifies Early Mild Cognitive Impairment Amongst Typical Older Adults (Preprint) Open
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment is a transitional stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia. Identifying individuals at the preMCI stage, prior to the onset of mild cognitive decline, can be pivotal for early interventions ai…
View article: Learning ratio performance on a brief visual learning and memory test moderates cognitive training gains in Double Decision task in healthy older adults
Learning ratio performance on a brief visual learning and memory test moderates cognitive training gains in Double Decision task in healthy older adults Open
View article: tDCS reduces depression and state anxiety symptoms in older adults from the augmenting cognitive training in older adults study (ACT)
tDCS reduces depression and state anxiety symptoms in older adults from the augmenting cognitive training in older adults study (ACT) Open
View article: The impact of a tDCS and cognitive training intervention on task-based functional connectivity
The impact of a tDCS and cognitive training intervention on task-based functional connectivity Open
View article: Rhythmic musical activities may strengthen connectivity between brain networks associated with aging-related deficits in timing and executive functions
Rhythmic musical activities may strengthen connectivity between brain networks associated with aging-related deficits in timing and executive functions Open
Brain aging and common conditions of aging (e.g., hypertension) affect networks important in organizing information, processing speed and action programming (i.e., executive functions). Declines in these networks may affect timing and coul…
View article: Experimentally Induced Reductions in Alcohol Consumption and Brain, Cognitive, and Clinical Outcomes in Older Persons With and Those Without HIV Infection (30-Day Challenge Study): Protocol for a Nonrandomized Clinical Trial
Experimentally Induced Reductions in Alcohol Consumption and Brain, Cognitive, and Clinical Outcomes in Older Persons With and Those Without HIV Infection (30-Day Challenge Study): Protocol for a Nonrandomized Clinical Trial Open
Background Both alcohol consumption and HIV infection are associated with worse brain, cognitive, and clinical outcomes in older adults. However, the extent to which brain and cognitive dysfunction is reversible with reduction or cessation…
View article: 53 Change in Cerebral Metabolite Concentrations Following Bariatric Surgery
53 Change in Cerebral Metabolite Concentrations Following Bariatric Surgery Open
Objective: Obesity is associated with adverse effects on brain health, including increased risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Changes in cerebral metabolism may underlie or precede structural and functional brain changes. While bariatric…
View article: 1 Task-Based Functional Connectivity and Network Segregation of the Useful Field of View (UFOV) fMRI task
1 Task-Based Functional Connectivity and Network Segregation of the Useful Field of View (UFOV) fMRI task Open
Objective: Interventions using a cognitive training paradigm called the Useful Field of View (UFOV) task have shown to be efficacious in slowing cognitive decline. However, no studies have looked at the engagement of functional networks du…
View article: 9 Connecting memory and functional brain networks in older adults: a resting state fMRI study
9 Connecting memory and functional brain networks in older adults: a resting state fMRI study Open
Objective: Nonpathological aging has been linked to decline in both verbal and visuospatial memory abilities in older adults. Disruptions in resting-state functional connectivity within well-characterized, higherorder cognitive brain netwo…
View article: 78 BVMT-R Learning Ratio Moderates Cognitive Training Gains in Useful Field of View Task in Healthy Older Adults
78 BVMT-R Learning Ratio Moderates Cognitive Training Gains in Useful Field of View Task in Healthy Older Adults Open
Objective: Cognitive training using a visual speed-of-processing task, called the Useful Field of View (UFOV) task, reduced dementia risk and reduced decline in activities of daily living at a 10-year follow-up in older adults. However, th…
View article: 40 Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk, White Matter, and Medication Predictors on Longitudinal Cognitive Change in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Cohort
40 Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk, White Matter, and Medication Predictors on Longitudinal Cognitive Change in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Cohort Open
Objective: Drawing on the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set (UDS), this study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect associations between vascular risk factors/cardiovascular disease (CVD), pharmacologi…
View article: 53 2-Back Performance Does Not Differ Between Cognitive Training Groups in Older Adults Without Dementia
53 2-Back Performance Does Not Differ Between Cognitive Training Groups in Older Adults Without Dementia Open
Objective: Cognitive training is a non-pharmacological intervention aimed at improving cognitive function across a single or multiple domains. Although the underlying mechanisms of cognitive training and transfer effects are not well-chara…
View article: 3 Associations Between Exercise Type, Fluid Intelligence, and Processing Speed in the Oldest-Old
3 Associations Between Exercise Type, Fluid Intelligence, and Processing Speed in the Oldest-Old Open
Objective: Exercise elicits a variety of physiological responses in the body. In the brain, exercise can modulate levels of neurotransmitters and other neurochemicals as well as sparking neurogenesis and structural changes. Downstream psyc…
View article: 28 Factor Structure of Conventional Neuropsychological Tests and NIH-Toolbox in Healthy Older Adults
28 Factor Structure of Conventional Neuropsychological Tests and NIH-Toolbox in Healthy Older Adults Open
Objective: The National Institutes of Health-Toolbox cognition battery (NIH-TCB) is widely used in cognitive aging studies and includes measures in cognitive domains evaluated for dimensional structure and psychometric properties in prior …
View article: 2 Higher White Matter Hyperintensity Load Adversely Affects Pre-Post Proximal Cognitive Training Performance in Healthy Older Adults
2 Higher White Matter Hyperintensity Load Adversely Affects Pre-Post Proximal Cognitive Training Performance in Healthy Older Adults Open
Objective: Cognitive training has shown promise for improving cognition in older adults. Aging involves a variety of neuroanatomical changes that may affect response to cognitive training. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are one common…
View article: 54 Age-Related Differences in the Associations Between Cannabis Use and Cognition in People Living with HIV (PLWH)
54 Age-Related Differences in the Associations Between Cannabis Use and Cognition in People Living with HIV (PLWH) Open
Objective: PLWH report using cannabis for both recreational reasons and HIV symptom management (e.g., nausea, pain, depression/anxiety). Recent literature suggests that cannabis may attenuate HIV symptoms and neuroinflammation, which are s…
View article: 6 Adjunctive Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Cognitive Training Alters Default Mode and Frontoparietal Control Network Connectivity in Older Adults
6 Adjunctive Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Cognitive Training Alters Default Mode and Frontoparietal Control Network Connectivity in Older Adults Open
Objective: Aging is associated with disruptions in functional connectivity within the default mode (DMN), frontoparietal control (FPCN), and cingulo-opercular (CON) resting-state networks. Greater within-network connectivity predicts bette…
View article: 61 Network Segregation Predicts Processing Speed in the Cognitively Healthy Oldest-old
61 Network Segregation Predicts Processing Speed in the Cognitively Healthy Oldest-old Open
Objective: Understanding the factors contributing to optimal cognitive function throughout the aging process is essential to better understand successful cognitive aging. Processing speed is an age sensitive cognitive domain that usually d…
View article: Experimentally Induced Reductions in Alcohol Consumption and Brain, Cognitive, and Clinical Outcomes in Older Persons With and Those Without HIV Infection (30-Day Challenge Study): Protocol for a Nonrandomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)
Experimentally Induced Reductions in Alcohol Consumption and Brain, Cognitive, and Clinical Outcomes in Older Persons With and Those Without HIV Infection (30-Day Challenge Study): Protocol for a Nonrandomized Clinical Trial (Preprint) Open
BACKGROUND Both alcohol consumption and HIV infection are associated with worse brain, cognitive, and clinical outcomes in older adults. However, the extent to which brain and cognitive dysfunction is reversible with reduction or cessatio…