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View article: Gut microbiota alterations linked to classical scrapie in sheep
Gut microbiota alterations linked to classical scrapie in sheep Open
There is growing evidence of the involvement of gut microbiota in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and prion diseases is not yet well understood. Prion diseases are neurodegenerative disorders af…
View article: Dysregulated microRNAs in blood correlate with central nervous system neuropathology of prion disease
Dysregulated microRNAs in blood correlate with central nervous system neuropathology of prion disease Open
The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in neurodegenerative diseases has gained significant attention because of their involvement in gene regulation and potential as biomarkers. In prion diseases, including scrapie, miRNAs may modulate pathogenes…
View article: Detection of prions in oocytes and ovaries of ewes naturally infected with classical scrapie
Detection of prions in oocytes and ovaries of ewes naturally infected with classical scrapie Open
Classical scrapie is a prion disease that affects goats and sheep and is transmitted mainly horizontally. However, infection can also occur vertically, from mother to offspring, but the exact mechanism is unclear. The possibilities include…
View article: Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease After Adaptation in Intermediate Species
Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease After Adaptation in Intermediate Species Open
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is an emerging disease in Europe. We report an increase in interspecies transmission capacity and zoonotic potential of a moose CWD isolate from Europe after passage in an ovine prion protein-expressing host. …
View article: New preclinical biomarkers for prion diseases in the cerebrospinal fluid proteome revealed by mass spectrometry
New preclinical biomarkers for prion diseases in the cerebrospinal fluid proteome revealed by mass spectrometry Open
Current diagnostic methods for prion diseases only work in late stages of the disease when neurodegeneration is irreversible. Therefore, biomarkers that can detect the disease before the onset of clinical symptoms are necessary. High-throu…
View article: Multidrug resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections in dogs, Spain
Multidrug resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections in dogs, Spain Open
Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is a pathogen frequently isolated in cases of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in both humans and dogs and evidence exists that dogs are reservoirs for human infections. In addition, E. coli is associated to inc…
View article: Diagnosis in Scrapie: Conventional Methods and New Biomarkers
Diagnosis in Scrapie: Conventional Methods and New Biomarkers Open
Scrapie, a naturally occurring prion disease affecting goats and sheep, comprises classical and atypical forms, with classical scrapie being the archetype of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. This review explores the challenges of…
View article: Update on Commonly Used Molecular Typing Methods for Clostridioides difficile
Update on Commonly Used Molecular Typing Methods for Clostridioides difficile Open
This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the significant Clostridioides difficile molecular typing techniques currently employed in research and medical communities. The main objectives of this review are to describe the key…
View article: Endoplasmic reticulum stress and ubiquitin-proteasome system impairment in natural scrapie
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and ubiquitin-proteasome system impairment in natural scrapie Open
Chronic accumulation of misfolded proteins such as PrP Sc can alter the endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR). In this pathogenic event, the molecular chaperones play an important role. Several re…
View article: Susceptibility of Ovine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids to Scrapie Prion Infection
Susceptibility of Ovine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids to Scrapie Prion Infection Open
In neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases, cellular in vitro models appear as fundamental tools for the study of pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic compounds. Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture systems a…
View article: 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Scrapie-Infected Sheep and Mouse Brain Tissues
5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Scrapie-Infected Sheep and Mouse Brain Tissues Open
Scrapie is a neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases, which are caused by an infectious isoform of the innocuous cellular prion protein (PrPC) known as PrPSc. DNA met…
View article: Epigenetic Changes in Prion and Prion-like Neurodegenerative Diseases: Recent Advances, Potential as Biomarkers, and Future Perspectives
Epigenetic Changes in Prion and Prion-like Neurodegenerative Diseases: Recent Advances, Potential as Biomarkers, and Future Perspectives Open
Prion diseases are transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) caused by a conformational conversion of the native cellular prion protein (PrPC) to an abnormal, infectious isoform called PrPSc. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer…
View article: Glycans are not necessary to maintain the pathobiological features of bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Glycans are not necessary to maintain the pathobiological features of bovine spongiform encephalopathy Open
The role of the glycosylation status of PrP C in the conversion to its pathological counterpart and on cross-species transmission of prion strains has been widely discussed. Here, we assessed the effect on strain characteristics of bovine …
View article: Neurogranin and Neurofilament Light Chain as Preclinical Biomarkers in Scrapie
Neurogranin and Neurofilament Light Chain as Preclinical Biomarkers in Scrapie Open
Prion diseases are diagnosed in the symptomatic stage, when the neuronal damage is spread throughout the central nervous system (CNS). The assessment of biological features that allow the detection of asymptomatic cases is needed, and, in …
View article: Distinctive Toll-like Receptors Gene Expression and Glial Response in Different Brain Regions of Natural Scrapie
Distinctive Toll-like Receptors Gene Expression and Glial Response in Different Brain Regions of Natural Scrapie Open
Prion diseases are chronic and fatal neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of disease-specific prion protein (PrPSc), spongiform changes, neuronal loss, and gliosis. Growing evidence shows that the neuroinflammatory …
View article: Effect of Intramuscularly Administered Oxytetracycline or Enrofloxacin on Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Pigs
Effect of Intramuscularly Administered Oxytetracycline or Enrofloxacin on Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Pigs Open
Nowadays, there is a great concern about the prevalence of multidrug resistant Enterococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae in food-producing animals. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of oxytetracycline or enrofloxacin treatment…
View article: Genome-Wide Methylation Profiling in the Thalamus of Scrapie Sheep
Genome-Wide Methylation Profiling in the Thalamus of Scrapie Sheep Open
Scrapie is a neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE). Scrapie occurs in sheep and goats, which are considered good natural animal models of these TSE. Changes in DNA methylation oc…
View article: SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak on a Spanish Mink Farm: Epidemiological, Molecular, and Pathological Studies
SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak on a Spanish Mink Farm: Epidemiological, Molecular, and Pathological Studies Open
Farmed minks have been reported to be highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may represent a risk to humans. In this study, we describe the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 occurred on a mink far…
View article: Therapeutic Assay with the Non-toxic C-Terminal Fragment of Tetanus Toxin (TTC) in Transgenic Murine Models of Prion Disease
Therapeutic Assay with the Non-toxic C-Terminal Fragment of Tetanus Toxin (TTC) in Transgenic Murine Models of Prion Disease Open
The non-toxic C-terminal fragment of the tetanus toxin (TTC) has been described as a neuroprotective molecule since it binds to Trk receptors and activates Trk-dependent signaling, activating neuronal survival pathways and inhibiting apopt…
View article: Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicles and miRNAs as Biomarkers for Prion Diseases
Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicles and miRNAs as Biomarkers for Prion Diseases Open
Diagnosis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, is based on the detection of proteinase K (PK)-resistant PrPSc in post-mortem tissues as indication of infection and disease. Since PrPSc detection is not co…
View article: Comparison of Antibacterial Activity and Wound Healing in a Superficial Abrasion Mouse Model of Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infection Using Photodynamic Therapy Based on Methylene Blue or Mupirocin or Both
Comparison of Antibacterial Activity and Wound Healing in a Superficial Abrasion Mouse Model of Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infection Using Photodynamic Therapy Based on Methylene Blue or Mupirocin or Both Open
Background: Antibiotic resistance and impaired wound healing are major concerns in S. aureus superficial skin infections, and new therapies are needed. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a new therapeutic approach for infections,…
View article: Effect of Scrapie Prion Infection in Ovine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Ovine Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Neurons
Effect of Scrapie Prion Infection in Ovine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Ovine Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Neurons Open
Scrapie is a prion disease affecting sheep and goats and it is considered a prototype of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as candidates for developing in vitro models of pri…
View article: Evidence of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Involvement in the Central Nervous System Pathogenesis of Classical Scrapie in Sheep and a Transgenic Mouse Model
Evidence of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Involvement in the Central Nervous System Pathogenesis of Classical Scrapie in Sheep and a Transgenic Mouse Model Open
Neurotrophins constitute a group of growth factor that exerts important functions in the nervous system of vertebrates. They act through two classes of transmembrane receptors: tyrosine-kinase receptors and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p…
View article: Classical and Atypical Scrapie in Sheep and Goats. Review on the Etiology, Genetic Factors, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Control Measures of Both Diseases
Classical and Atypical Scrapie in Sheep and Goats. Review on the Etiology, Genetic Factors, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Control Measures of Both Diseases Open
Prion diseases, such as scrapie, are neurodegenerative diseases with a fatal outcome, caused by a conformational change of the cellular prion protein (PrPC), originating with the pathogenic form (PrPSc). Classical scrapie in small ruminant…
View article: Prion-Associated Neurodegeneration Causes Both Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Proteasome Impairment in a Murine Model of Spontaneous Disease
Prion-Associated Neurodegeneration Causes Both Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Proteasome Impairment in a Murine Model of Spontaneous Disease Open
Prion diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders that can be spontaneous, familial or acquired by infection. The conversion of the prion protein PrPC to its abnormal and misfolded isoform PrPSc is the main event in the pathogenesi…