Rosalie Liccardo Pacula
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View article: Relationships of Changing State Cannabis Policies With Alcohol Policy Effectiveness and Alcohol or Cannabis Involvement in Motor Vehicle Fatalities
Relationships of Changing State Cannabis Policies With Alcohol Policy Effectiveness and Alcohol or Cannabis Involvement in Motor Vehicle Fatalities Open
View article: Enhancing Methods for Research on Cannabis: A Workshop Report
Enhancing Methods for Research on Cannabis: A Workshop Report Open
Aims Progressive legalization of medical and recreational cannabis markets at the state-level has led to rapid growth of medical and recreational cannabis markets and to product diversification with emerging products having high concentrat…
View article: Improving Policy Evaluations Of The Opioid Crisis
Improving Policy Evaluations Of The Opioid Crisis Open
With fatal opioid overdoses rising steadily between 1999 and 2022, researchers have tried to identify effective policy approaches that can stem the tide and mitigate associated harms. However, policy evaluations intended to inform policy c…
View article: Geography And Fentanyl: Explaining The Disproportionate Rise In Opioid Overdose Deaths Among Black Americans
Geography And Fentanyl: Explaining The Disproportionate Rise In Opioid Overdose Deaths Among Black Americans Open
This study investigated how geography helps explain the striking increase in opioid-related overdose deaths among Black Americans since the proliferation of fentanyl. Using mortality data from the period 1999-2020, we modeled annual overdo…
View article: Racial and ethnic differences in quitting when marijuana retail markets are legal: evidence from California
Racial and ethnic differences in quitting when marijuana retail markets are legal: evidence from California Open
Racial and ethnic minorities are subjected to greater enforcement of marijuana laws under prohibition. This research examines whether there is a corresponding difference in their response to the introduction of legal protection of marijuan…
View article: Self‐Reported Cannabis Prices and Expenditures From Legal and Illegal Sources Five Years After Legalisation of Non‐Medical Cannabis in Canada
Self‐Reported Cannabis Prices and Expenditures From Legal and Illegal Sources Five Years After Legalisation of Non‐Medical Cannabis in Canada Open
Introduction The price of cannabis has important implications for many outcomes discussed in legalisation debates. This paper reports on legal and illegal prices of different cannabis products. Methods National surveys were conducted in 20…
View article: Understanding medical cannabis use internationally: Why definitions and context matter
Understanding medical cannabis use internationally: Why definitions and context matter Open
Aims To identify variation in identification of medical consumers using alternative self‐reported measures and assess whether differences in these rates exist across jurisdictions with different medical policy approaches using evidence fro…
View article: Cannabis April 20th Celebration and Related Emergency Department Visits
Cannabis April 20th Celebration and Related Emergency Department Visits Open
This cross-sectional study examines the association between April 20th cannabis celebrations and rates of cannabis-related emergency department visits in the US.
View article: Using Policy and Innovation to Improve Life-Saving Access to Naloxone
Using Policy and Innovation to Improve Life-Saving Access to Naloxone Open
View article: Association of Local Cannabis Policy and Retail Availability With Cannabis Use and Problematic Cannabis Use Among Adolescents in Northern California
Association of Local Cannabis Policy and Retail Availability With Cannabis Use and Problematic Cannabis Use Among Adolescents in Northern California Open
Objectives. To examine whether local cannabis policies and retail availability are associated with cannabis use and problematic cannabis use (PCU) among adolescents in Northern California. Methods. The sample comprised adolescents aged 13 …
View article: Association of Daily Doses of Buprenorphine With Urgent Health Care Utilization
Association of Daily Doses of Buprenorphine With Urgent Health Care Utilization Open
Importance Higher buprenorphine doses may benefit the increasing number of individuals using fentanyl and other synthetic opioids, but there is little empirical evidence on the efficacy of such higher doses. Objective To examine the associ…
View article: The association between state cannabis policies and cannabis use among adults and youth, United States, 2002–2019
The association between state cannabis policies and cannabis use among adults and youth, United States, 2002–2019 Open
Aims To measure the association between state cannabis policies and use among adults and youth in the United States from 2002 to 2019, given rapid policy liberalization and complex state cannabis policy environments. Design Repeated cross‐…
View article: Investigating the complexity of naloxone distribution: Which policies matter for pharmacies and potential recipients
Investigating the complexity of naloxone distribution: Which policies matter for pharmacies and potential recipients Open
View article: Conceptual Confusion Leads Policy Evaluation Astray
Conceptual Confusion Leads Policy Evaluation Astray Open
A 2023 Cochrane review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of "physical interventions to…reduce the spread of respiratory viruses" 1 generated controversy and confusion in concluding that "wearing masks in the community probably makes lit…
View article: Relationships Between Alcohol and Cannabis Policies in U.S. States, 1999–2019
Relationships Between Alcohol and Cannabis Policies in U.S. States, 1999–2019 Open
Although cannabis policies liberalized rapidly from 1999 to 2019, alcohol policies stayed relatively stable and did not differ by degree of cannabis policy liberalization. In general, there were weak associations between cannabis and alcoh…
View article: Expert Views on State Policies to Improve Engagement and Retention in Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: A Qualitative Analysis of an Online Modified Delphi Process
Expert Views on State Policies to Improve Engagement and Retention in Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: A Qualitative Analysis of an Online Modified Delphi Process Open
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine expert views on the effectiveness and implementability of state policies to improve engagement and retention in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Methods We conducted a 3-round modifie…
View article: Changes in Cannabis-Attributable Hospitalizations Following Nonmedical Cannabis Legalization in Canada
Changes in Cannabis-Attributable Hospitalizations Following Nonmedical Cannabis Legalization in Canada Open
Importance The impact of adult-use cannabis legalization and subsequent commercialization (ie, increasing store and product access) on hospitalizations in Canada is unclear. Objectives To examine changes in overall and subtypes of hospital…
View article: How to interpret studies on the impact of legalizing cannabis
How to interpret studies on the impact of legalizing cannabis Open
We appreciate the systematic review of cannabis legalization’s impacts in Canada by Hall et al. [1], whose content overlaps that of a previous review [2]. Summaries of the ever-growing legalization evidence base are important for both rese…
View article: Understanding the rise in overdose deaths involving opioids and non-opioid prescription drugs in the United States
Understanding the rise in overdose deaths involving opioids and non-opioid prescription drugs in the United States Open
View article: Impact of Recreational Cannabis Legalization on Opioid Prescribing and Opioid-Related Hospital Visits in Colorado: an Observational Study
Impact of Recreational Cannabis Legalization on Opioid Prescribing and Opioid-Related Hospital Visits in Colorado: an Observational Study Open
Background Cannabis may be a substitute for opioids but previous studies have found conflicting results when using data from more recent years. Most studies have examined the relationship using state-level data, missing important sub-state…
View article: Medical marijuana access and prolonged opioid use among adolescents and young adults
Medical marijuana access and prolonged opioid use among adolescents and young adults Open
Background and Objectives Laws liberalizing access to medical marijuana are associated with reduced opioid analgesic use among adults, but little is known about the impact of such policies on adolescents and young adults. Methods This retr…
View article: Investigating the Complexity of Naloxone Distribution: Which Policies Matter for Pharmacies and Potential Recipients
Investigating the Complexity of Naloxone Distribution: Which Policies Matter for Pharmacies and Potential Recipients Open
Despite efforts to address the opioid crisis, opioid-related overdoses remain a significant contributor to mortality.State efforts to reduce overdose deaths by removing barriers to naloxone have recently focused on pharmacy channels, but t…
View article: Regular Cannabis Use During the First Year of the Pandemic: Studying Trajectories Rather Than Prevalence
Regular Cannabis Use During the First Year of the Pandemic: Studying Trajectories Rather Than Prevalence Open
View article: America's Opioid Ecosystem: How Leveraging System Interactions Can Help Curb Addiction, Overdose, and Other Harms
America's Opioid Ecosystem: How Leveraging System Interactions Can Help Curb Addiction, Overdose, and Other Harms Open
Opioids play an outsized role in America's drug problems, but they also play a critically important role in medicine. Thus, they deserve special attention. Illegally manufactured opioids (such as fentanyl) are involved in a majority of U.S…
View article: Expert Panel Consensus on State-Level Policies to Improve Engagement and Retention in Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
Expert Panel Consensus on State-Level Policies to Improve Engagement and Retention in Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Open
Importance In the US, recent legislation and regulations have been considered, proposed, and implemented to improve the quality of treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). However, insufficient empirical evidence exists to identify which p…
View article: Changes in Emergency Department Visits for Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome Following Recreational Cannabis Legalization and Subsequent Commercialization in Ontario, Canada
Changes in Emergency Department Visits for Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome Following Recreational Cannabis Legalization and Subsequent Commercialization in Ontario, Canada Open
Importance Prior research suggests that the legalization of recreational cannabis is associated with increases in cannabis hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), but it is unclear how cannabis commercialization (ie, greater retail store access as wel…
View article: The Cannabis Policy Scale: A New Research and Surveillance Tool for U.S. States
The Cannabis Policy Scale: A New Research and Surveillance Tool for U.S. States Open
The Cannabis Policy Scale reflects trends toward liberalization of cannabis policy in many U.S. states. Even within crude policy phenotypes (e.g., medical cannabis programs), Cannabis Policy Scale scores varied considerably between states …
View article: Trends in Out-of-Pocket Costs for Naloxone by Drug Brand and Payer in the US, 2010-2018
Trends in Out-of-Pocket Costs for Naloxone by Drug Brand and Payer in the US, 2010-2018 Open
Importance Improving access to naloxone is a critical component of the nation’s strategy to curb fatal overdoses in the opioid crisis. Standing or protocol orders, prescriptive authority laws, and immunity provisions have been passed by st…
View article: Characterization of Cannabis Products Purchased for Medical Use in New York State
Characterization of Cannabis Products Purchased for Medical Use in New York State Open
This cross-sectional study examines the purchase of medical cannabis products made in New York State from dispensaries operated by a single integrated manufacturer and licensed retail company within the state.
View article: Spatial and temporal trends in the diagnosis of opioid-related problems in commercially-insured adolescents and young adults
Spatial and temporal trends in the diagnosis of opioid-related problems in commercially-insured adolescents and young adults Open