Explanipedia

Inflammation PET and plasma neurofilament light predict survival in people with progressive supranuclear palsy Open

P. Simon Jones, Elijah Mak, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Robert Durcan, Leonidas Chouliaras , et al. · 2025

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a primary tauopathy characterised by atrophy and neuroinflammation of the brainstem, basal ganglia and, to a lesser degree of the cortex. This study investigates the association of regional atrophy (…

Cellular signatures underlying functional resilience in presymptomatic frontotemporal dementia Open

Richard A.I. Bethlehem, Enrico Premi, Arabella Bouzigues, Phoebe H. Foster, Caroline Graff , et al. · 2025

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) shows autosomal dominant transmission in up to a third of families, enabling the study of presymptomatic and prodromal phases. Despite self-reported well-being and normal daily cognitive functioning, brain str…

A Mathematical Model of Cellular Aggregation Predicts Patterns of Tau Accumulation in Neurodegenerative Disease Open

Shih‐Huan Huang, Annelies Quaegebeur, Tanrada Pansuwan, Timothy Rittman, Ruiyan Wang , et al. · 2025

Protein aggregates are a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease, yet the molecular processes that control their appearance remain incompletely characterized. In particular, it is unknown to what degree the development of aggregates in one c…

GABAergic regulation of action-outcome priors in conditions associated with frontotemporal degeneration Open

R Williams, Michelle Naessens, Emily Todd, Rory Durcan, David J. Whiteside , et al. · 2025

Rationale Apathy is a common symptom in many neurological and psychiatric conditions, associated with poor prognosis and increased caregiver burden. There are currently no proven treatments, in part due to a lack of mechanistic understandi…

Comparing and combining TSPO-PET tracers in tauopathies Open

Nicolai Franzmeier, Nesrine Rahmouni, Johannes Gnörich, Tim D. Fryer, Young T. Hong , et al. · 2025

Purpose Neuroinflammation is a key pathological driver in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). Positron emission tomography (PET) with tracers targeting the translocator p…

MRI-based classifier to identify close-to-onset cases in <i>C9orf72</i> genetic frontotemporal dementia Open

Mahdie Soltaninejad, Yasser Iturria‐Medina, Reza Rajabli, Gleb Bezgin, Niki Hosseini-Kamkar , et al. · 2025

Predicting symptom onset in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is crucial for advancing targeted interventions and clinical trial design. Brain changes begin years before clinical symptoms emerge, making neuroimaging a strong candidate …

Multidimensional cognitive deficits in the typical and atypical variants of Alzheimer’s disease Open

Shalom K Henderson, Alexander G. Murley, Thomas Cope, Lucy Bowns, Maura Malpetti , et al. · 2025

Brainstem neurochemical profiles after hospitalisation for COVID-19: a 7T MR spectroscopy study Open

Carina Graf, Betty Raman, Anne E. Manktelow, Doris A. Chatfield, William T. Clarke , et al. · 2025

Background Somatic, cognitive and mental health issues have been identified in three-quarters of people 5 months after hospitalisation for severe acute SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection. The underlying neuroanatomical basis of these symptoms…

Alzheimer’s disease and memantine effects on NMDA-receptor blockade: non-invasive in vivo insights from magnetoencephalography Open

Juliette H. Lanskey, Amirhossein Jafarian, Laura E. Hughes, Melek Karadag, Ece Kocagöncü , et al. · 2025

To accelerate new treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, there is the need for human pathophysiological biomarkers that are sensitive to treatment and disease mechanisms. In this proof-of-concept study, we assess new biophysical models of non…

Cortical microstructure is associated with disease severity and clinical progression in genetic frontotemporal dementia: a GENFI study Open

Elena Rodriguez‐Vieitez, Melissa Taheri Rydell, Abbe Ullgren, Víctor Montal, Ignacio Illán‐Gala , et al. · 2025

Apathy as a Loss of Prior Precision on Action Outcomes Open

R Williams, Michelle Naessens, Amirhossein Jafarian, Juliette H. Lanskey, Frank H. Hezemans , et al. · 2025

Apathy is common in neurological disease, associated with poor prognosis and limited treatments. Current models posit that goal-directed actions are reduced because costs or effort outweigh the expected reward. We highlight an alternative …

Alzheimer's disease and its progression reduce pyramidal cell gain and connectivity Open

Juliette H. Lanskey, Amirhossein Jafarian, Melek Karadag, Ece Kocagöncü, R Williams , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects neurophysiology by loss of neurons, synapses, and neurotransmitters. A mechanistic understanding of the human disease will facilitate new treatments. METHODS Magnetoencephalography was recorded…

White matter hyperintensities precede other biomarkers in <i>GRN</i> frontotemporal dementia Open

Mahdie Soltaninejad, Mahsa Dadar, D. Louis Collins, Reza Rajabli, Vikram Venkatraghavan , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION Increased white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) have been reported in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in small studies, but the sequence of WMH abnormalities relative to other biomarkers is unclear. METHODS Using a large …

Beyond prion‐like spreading in neurodegenerative disease Open

Georg Meisl, James B. Rowe, David Klenerman · 2025

To design effective therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, it is critical to understand the processes that trigger protein aggregation in sequential brain regions as the disease progresses. Aggregates formed in many neurodegenerative di…

Cross‐country variance in facial emotion recognition in presymptomatic and symptomatic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: Insights from the GENFI and ReDLat consortia Open

Liset de Boer, Lize C. Jiskoot, Harro Seelaar, John C. van Swieten, Agustín Ibáñez , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION We investigated international differences in facial emotion recognition (FER) across stages of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Previous studies may have missed early decline by combining data and masking variations in FER acros…

The social dimension of apathy: Evidence for a distinct domain from 11,243 individuals across health and neurocognitive disorders Open

Sijia Zhao, Rong Ye, Qian-Yuan Tang, Bahaaeddin Attaallah, Sofia Toniolo , et al. · 2025

Apathy is a highly prevalent and disabling neuropsychiatric syndrome, but its multi-dimensional structure is a challenge for progress towards better identification and treatment. A critical question is whether social disengagement reflects…

Disentangling phonology from phonological short-term memory in Alzheimer’s disease phenotypes Open

Shalom K Henderson, Ajay D. Halai, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Thomas Cope, Karalyn Patterson , et al. · 2025

Background Impaired phonological short-term memory is a core feature of the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA), but it is not clear whether a core phonological processing deficit is also present. Methods We asked thre…

The presymptomatic and early manifestations of semantic dementia Open

David J. Whiteside, Matthew A Rouse, P Simon Jones, Ian Coyle‐Gilchrist, Alexander G. Murley , et al. · 2025

People with semantic dementia (SD) or semantic variant primary progressive aphasia typically present with marked atrophy of the anterior temporal lobe, and thereafter progress more slowly than other forms of frontotemporal dementia. This s…

Blood-based immunophenotyping of T cell profiles in patients with neurodegenerative disorders Open

Frederika Malichova, Peter G. Swann, Stacey L. Kigar, Natalia Savinykh Yarkoni, Julia Goddard , et al. · 2025

Background There is increasing evidence for the role of central and peripheral inflammation across neurodegenerative disorders, with animal models and post-mortem studies identifying T-cell infiltration in the brain associated with patholo…

Cerebrovascular Reactivity at Rest and Its Association With Cognitive Function in People With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Open

Ivana Kancheva, Arabella Bouzigues, Lucy L. Russell, Phoebe H. Foster, Eve Ferry‐Bolder , et al. · 2025

CVR impairment in genetic FTD has a predilection for the middle frontal and posterior cortex, and its preservation may yield a cognitive benefit for at-risk individuals. Although findings do not provide causality and warrant replication, t…

Inflammation PET and plasma neurofilament light predict survival in people with progressive supranuclear palsy Open

Noah Lorenz Shapiro, P. Simon Jones, Elijah Mak, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Julia Goddard , et al. · 2025

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a primary tauopathy characterised by atrophy and neuroinflammation of the brainstem, basal ganglia and, to a lesser degree of the cortex. This study investigates the association of regional atrophy (…

Pharmacological and pupillary evidence for the noradrenergic contribution to reinforcement learning in Parkinson’s disease Open

Claire O’Callaghan, Frank H. Hezemans, Naresh Subramaniam, Rong Ye, Kamen A. Tsvetanov , et al. · 2025

Noradrenaline plays an integral role in learning by optimising behavioural strategies and facilitating choice execution. Testing the noradrenergic framework of learning in the context of human diseases offers a test bed for current normati…

Connectivity as a universal predictor of tau progression in atypical Alzheimer’s disease Open

Hannah de Bruin, Colin Groot, Henryk Barthel, Gérard N. Bischof, Ganna Blazhenets , et al. · 2025

The link between regional tau load and clinical manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) highlights the importance of characterizing spatial tau distribution across disease variants. In typical (memory-predominant) AD, the spatial progres…

Comparing and combining TSPO-PET tracers in tauopathies Open

Maura Malpetti, Nicolai Franzmeier, Nesrine Rahmouni, Johannes Gnörich, Tim D. Fryer , et al. · 2025

Purpose Neuroinflammation is a key pathological driver in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimers disease (AD) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). Positron emission tomography (PET) with tracers targeting the translocator pr…

Executive Function Deficits in Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Open

Lucy L. Russell, Arabella Bouzigues, Rhian S. Convery, Phoebe H. Foster, Eve Ferry‐Bolder , et al. · 2025

Some individuals with C9orf72 mutations show difficulties with executive function from very early on in the disease and this continues to deteriorate with disease severity. By contrast, similar difficulties occur only in the later s…

Tau PET positivity in individuals with and without cognitive impairment varies with age, amyloid-β status, APOE genotype and sex Open

Rik Ossenkoppele, Emma M. Coomans, Liana G. Apostolova, Suzanne L. Baker, Henryk Barthel , et al. · 2025

Pulse Pressure Impairs Cognition via White Matter Disruption Open

Deborah L. O. King, Richard N. Henson, Marta Correia, James B. Rowe, Cam-CAN Consortium , et al. · 2025

BACKGROUND: In older adults, elevated pulse pressure predicts cognitive decline, independent of overall blood pressure. It is proposed to compromise cerebrovascular integrity, potentially leading to brain damage, though the underlying mech…

Accuracy of blood-based neurofilament light to different genetic frontotemporal dementia from primary psychiatric disorders Open

Ella Liu, Sherri Lee Jones, Victoria Light, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Arabella Bouzigues , et al. · 2025

Background Genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) along with Alzheimer's disease (AD), is one of the most prevalent early-onset dementias. The differential diagnosis of FTD from primary psychiatric disorder (PPD) has been challenging due to…

C3 and C3a as indicators of complement dysregulation in tauopathies and FTLD-associated disorders Open

Laura Nicholls, Jacqui Nimmo, Rebekah S. Cooke, Taine J. Baggott, Molly G. Bright , et al. · 2025

Structural and functional connectivity in tau mutation carriers: from presymptomatic to symptomatic frontotemporal dementia Open

Arabella Bouzigues, Vincent Le Du, Matthieu Joulot, Ninon Peysson, Marion Houot , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION Microtubule‐associated protein tau ( MAPT ) mutations cause frontotemporal dementia (FTD), characterised by behavioural, language, and motor impairments due to brain connectivity disruptions. We investigated structural and fun…

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