Ruth Cunningham
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View article: Health in justice or health injustice? Indigenous Māori experiences of primary care following release from New Zealand prisons: a national record study
Health in justice or health injustice? Indigenous Māori experiences of primary care following release from New Zealand prisons: a national record study Open
Whilst our findings indicate that Māori released from prisons access primary care, there are financial barriers to access. We also found (across a range of access and quality measures) that primary care services are not meeting their high …
View article: The undercounting of Indigenous Māori imprisoned by the New Zealand carceral state: a national record study
The undercounting of Indigenous Māori imprisoned by the New Zealand carceral state: a national record study Open
Reliable data inclusive of high-quality ethnicity data are critical for understanding and monitoring Māori health in terms of resource allocation, policy decisions, and performance of health and disability services for Māori imprisoned in …
View article: Place of Death for People with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder in New Zealand: A National Retrospective Cohort Study
Place of Death for People with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder in New Zealand: A National Retrospective Cohort Study Open
Objectives: Inequities in access to physical health care for those with mental health conditions and substance use disorders are well recognised, and evidence of unequal access to palliative care is emerging. This study uses complete natio…
View article: Common mental disorders and psychological distress among Pacific adults living in Aotearoa New Zealand
Common mental disorders and psychological distress among Pacific adults living in Aotearoa New Zealand Open
aim: To examine common mental disorders and psychological distress in Pacific adults and between Pacific ethnic groups. methods: Data were pooled from multiple New Zealand Health Survey waves from 2014/2015 to 2018/2019. Estimated period p…
View article: Indigenous–non-Indigenous disparities in health and social outcomes 5 years after first episode psychosis: national cohort study
Indigenous–non-Indigenous disparities in health and social outcomes 5 years after first episode psychosis: national cohort study Open
Background There are ethnic differences, including differences related to indigeneity, in the incidence of first episode psychosis (FEP) and pathways into care, but research on ethnic disparities in outcomes following FEP is limited. Aims …
View article: Psychological distress and diagnosed mood and anxiety disorders in Pacific adults: a pooled analysis of five consecutive New Zealand Health Survey years
Psychological distress and diagnosed mood and anxiety disorders in Pacific adults: a pooled analysis of five consecutive New Zealand Health Survey years Open
This article examines psychological distress and diagnosed mood and anxiety disorders in Pacific adults, comparing against non-Māori non-Pacific (nMnP) adults, and between Pacific subgroups. A sample of adults aged 15 years and over was po…
View article: Primary care experience in people with mental health conditions: results from a national patient experience survey
Primary care experience in people with mental health conditions: results from a national patient experience survey Open
aim: The study explored whether the reported experience of primary healthcare differs for survey respondents in Aotearoa New Zealand who self-report having a mental health (MH) condition in comparison with those who do not. method: Respons…
View article: Inequity in cardiometabolic hospital admissions and blood screening in New Zealand Indigenous Māori with psychosis
Inequity in cardiometabolic hospital admissions and blood screening in New Zealand Indigenous Māori with psychosis Open
Background People with psychosis experience worse cardiometabolic health than the same-aged general population. In New Zealand, Indigenous Māori experiencing psychosis have greater risk of cardiometabolic and other physical health problems…
View article: The physical health and premature mortality of Indigenous Māori following first-episode psychosis diagnosis: A 15-year follow-up study
The physical health and premature mortality of Indigenous Māori following first-episode psychosis diagnosis: A 15-year follow-up study Open
Background: People experiencing psychosis are at greater risk of physical health conditions and premature mortality. It is likely that Indigenous Māori youth, who experience additional systemic inequities caused by settler-colonisation, fa…
View article: Almost one in five emergency department presentations are by mental health clients: a secondary data analysis
Almost one in five emergency department presentations are by mental health clients: a secondary data analysis Open
aim: Mental health-related emergency department (ED) presentations are steadily increasing, including presentations for both mental health and non-mental health concerns by existing clients of mental health services. The study aim was to e…
View article: Mental health and aging in New Zealand: mixed-methods analysis of experiences of healthcare from a survey of older adults with mental health conditions
Mental health and aging in New Zealand: mixed-methods analysis of experiences of healthcare from a survey of older adults with mental health conditions Open
Little is known about the experiences of older people who seek mental healthcare in New Zealand. From a survey of 227 older people, we explored the use of mental healthcare services with quantitative and qualitative questions. Mental healt…
View article: Cancer diagnosis after emergency presentations in people with mental health and substance use conditions: a national cohort study
Cancer diagnosis after emergency presentations in people with mental health and substance use conditions: a national cohort study Open
Background Cancer survival and mortality outcomes for people with mental health and substance use conditions (MHSUC) are worse than for people without MHSUC, which may be partly explained by poorer access to timely and appropriate healthca…
View article: Institutional pathways to psychosis for Indigenous Māori: A qualitative exploration of experiences
Institutional pathways to psychosis for Indigenous Māori: A qualitative exploration of experiences Open
Background: Inequities in the incidence and outcomes of first episode psychosis (FEP) for Indigenous peoples are impacted by multiple institutional systems. This study examines Indigenous experiences of these systems to gain an understandi…
View article: The Right to Equal Health: Best Practice Priorities for Māori with Bipolar Disorder from Staff Focus Groups
The Right to Equal Health: Best Practice Priorities for Māori with Bipolar Disorder from Staff Focus Groups Open
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental health condition that is clinically complex to monitor and manage. While best practice guidelines exist, they vary internationally lacking consensus. Indigenous peoples, including Māori in New Zeal…
View article: Experiences of physical healthcare services in Māori and non-Māori with mental health and substance use conditions
Experiences of physical healthcare services in Māori and non-Māori with mental health and substance use conditions Open
Objectives: Inequities in physical health outcomes exist for people with mental health and substance use conditions and for Indigenous populations (Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand). These inequities may be partly explained by poorer quality …
View article: It’s not in my head: a qualitative analysis of experiences of discrimination in people with mental health and substance use conditions seeking physical healthcare
It’s not in my head: a qualitative analysis of experiences of discrimination in people with mental health and substance use conditions seeking physical healthcare Open
Introduction Clinician bias contributes to lower quality healthcare and poorer health outcomes in people with mental health and substance use conditions (MHSUC). Discrimination can lead to physical conditions being overlooked (diagnostic o…
View article: Racism, early psychosis, and institutional contact: A qualitative study of Indigenous experiences
Racism, early psychosis, and institutional contact: A qualitative study of Indigenous experiences Open
Background: There is evidence of Indigenous and ethnic minority inequities in the incidence and outcomes of early psychosis. Racism has been implicated as having an important role. Aim: To use Indigenous experiences to develop a more detai…
View article: Health service utilisation by quota, family-sponsored and convention refugees in their first five years in New Zealand
Health service utilisation by quota, family-sponsored and convention refugees in their first five years in New Zealand Open
This study examines and compares health service utilisation patterns between New Zealand's (NZ) three main refugee groups and the general NZ population. We used Statistics NZ's Integrated Data Infrastructure to identify quota, family-spons…
View article: Do patients with mental health and substance use conditions experience discrimination and diagnostic overshadowing in primary care in Aotearoa New Zealand? Results from a national online survey
Do patients with mental health and substance use conditions experience discrimination and diagnostic overshadowing in primary care in Aotearoa New Zealand? Results from a national online survey Open
Introduction Quality of health care contributes to poor physical health outcomes for people with mental health and substance use conditions (MHSUC). AIM This study investigated experiences of people with MHSUC who sought help for a physica…
View article: Racism, early psychosis and institutional contact: a qualitative study of Indigenous experiences
Racism, early psychosis and institutional contact: a qualitative study of Indigenous experiences Open
There is evidence of Indigenous and ethnic minority inequities in the incidence and outcomes of early psychosis. racism has an important role. This study aimed to use Indigenous experiences to develop a more detailed understanding of how r…
View article: Dealing With Discrimination in Physical Health Care Services: Strategies of People With Mental Health and Substance Use Conditions
Dealing With Discrimination in Physical Health Care Services: Strategies of People With Mental Health and Substance Use Conditions Open
Discrimination against people with mental health and substance use conditions (MHSUC) by health professionals contributes to the poor physical health outcomes this group experiences. We surveyed people with MHSUC in Aotearoa New Zealand to…
View article: Missed presentations, missed opportunities: A cross‐sectional study of mental health presentation undercounting in the emergency department
Missed presentations, missed opportunities: A cross‐sectional study of mental health presentation undercounting in the emergency department Open
Objectives The burden of mental illness is increasing across developed countries. EDs are often used as access points by people experiencing mental health crises, with such rising demand in Australasia. Accurate data is critical to track a…