Susan C. Cork
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Influence of drinking water quality on immune responses to viral vaccines in layer chickens Open
Drinking water quality is a critical factor in poultry production, and suboptimal drinking water can negatively influence immune functions leading to reduced vaccine efficacy. In the field study, we assessed drinking water quality on Alber…
Expanding tropism: Avian B cells as novel cellular target of infectious bronchitis virus Open
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes infectious bronchitis (IB), which is a major concern for the global poultry industry as a result of substantial economic losses. Although epithelial cells were described as the primary target cells …
Regulatory T cell infiltration precedes early events associated with persistent infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection in the cecal tonsils of chickens Open
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a contagious respiratory disease in chickens caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). While initially affecting the respiratory tract, IBV has evolved to infect other body systems. Notably, the Delmarva (D…
View article: Geographical cluster of renal hamartomas in wild urban white-tailed jackrabbits ( <i>Lepus townsendii</i> )
Geographical cluster of renal hamartomas in wild urban white-tailed jackrabbits ( <i>Lepus townsendii</i> ) Open
To understand diseases of wild urban jackrabbits ( Lepus townsendii ), we autopsied 130 individuals that died near roadways in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Renal hamartomas were present in 8 of 130 hares (6.2%; 95% confidence interval: 3.2%–1…
Avian influenza viruses in New Zealand wild birds, with an emphasis on subtypes H5 and H7: Their distinctive epidemiology and genomic properties Open
The rapid spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) viruses in Southeast Asia in 2004 prompted the New Zealand Ministry for Primary Industries to expand its avian influenza surveillance in wild birds. A total of 18,693 bi…
Effectiveness and Safety of Retreatment with<sup>177</sup>Lu-DOTATATE in Patients with Progressive Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Retrospective Real-World Study in the United States Open
Advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are associated with a poor prognosis. A regimen of 4 cycles of 177Lu-DOTATATE has been shown to improve both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced NETs. To…
View article: Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens
Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens Open
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious and acute viral disease of chicken caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) of the family Coronaviridae. Even with extensive vaccination against IB by the poultry industry, the occur…
Comparison of quantitative PCR and digital PCR assays for quantitative detection of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) genome Open
The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique is an extensively used molecular tool for the detection and quantification of viral genome load. However, since the qPCR assay is a relative quantification method that relies on a…
Comparison of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Pathogenesis and Host Responses in Young Male and Female Chickens Open
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an avian coronavirus that causes a disease in chickens known as infectious bronchitis (IB). The pathogenesis of IBV and the host immune responses against it depend on multiple factors such as the IBV va…
Impact of Maternal Antibodies on Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Infection in Primary and Secondary Lymphoid Organs of Chickens Open
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes infectious bronchitis disease in chickens. IBV primarily infects the upper respiratory tract and then disseminates to other body systems including gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary systems…
Ecology and Epidemiology of Lyme Disease in Western North America Open
Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States and Canada. The causative agent of Lyme disease in North America is the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. In western North America, the primary vector of Borrelia bur…
Relationship Between Weather and Changes in Annual and Seasonal Abundance of <i>Culicoides sonorensis</i> (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Alberta Open
Factors influencing annual and seasonal abundance of Culicoides sonorensis (Wirth and Jones) (Diptera; Ceratopogonidae) were examined at 10 sites in southern Alberta using negative binomial regression. Annual abundance varied among locatio…
View article: Efficacy of Commercial Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines against Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection in Layers
Efficacy of Commercial Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines against Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection in Layers Open
Vaccination is the most important way to control infectious bronchitis (IB) in chickens. Since the end of 2015, the Delmarva (DMV)/1639 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has caused significant damage to the layer flocks in Easter…
View article: Immunopathogenesis of the Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) infectious bronchitis virus (IBV): Impact on the reproductive tract in layers
Immunopathogenesis of the Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) infectious bronchitis virus (IBV): Impact on the reproductive tract in layers Open
IBV infection may lead to reduced egg production and poor egg quality in layer flocks. The DMV/1639 strain was recently identified as one of the most dominant IBV variants isolated from Canadian layer flocks with egg production problems. T…
View article: Pathogenicity of the Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) on Female Reproductive Tract of Chickens
Pathogenicity of the Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) on Female Reproductive Tract of Chickens Open
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection causes significant economic losses to various sectors of the poultry industry worldwide. Over the past few years, the incidence of false layer syndrome in Eastern Canadian layer flocks has been a…
View article: Pathogenesis and host responses in lungs and kidneys following Canadian 4/91 infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection in chickens
Pathogenesis and host responses in lungs and kidneys following Canadian 4/91 infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection in chickens Open
The infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) 4/91 was one of the common IBV variants isolated in Eastern Canada between 2013 and 2017 from chicken flocks showing severe respiratory and production problems. We designed an in vivo experiment, using…
View article: Protocol for 'Tick Surveillance Systems in North America: A Scoping Review'
Protocol for 'Tick Surveillance Systems in North America: A Scoping Review' Open
Introduction: Tick surveillance is important to detect new ticks or changes in tick occurrence and distribution within a region. This facilitates communication of and response to changes in tick distribution. Tick surveillance systems also…
View article: The Role of Whole Genome Sequencing in the Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistant Enterococcus spp.: A Scoping Review
The Role of Whole Genome Sequencing in the Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistant Enterococcus spp.: A Scoping Review Open
Enterococcus spp. have arisen as important nosocomial pathogens and are ubiquitous in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and the environment. They carry many intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance genes. Because of this, surve…
View article: Molecular Characterization of 4/91 Infectious Bronchitis Virus Leading to Studies of Pathogenesis and Host Responses in Laying Hens
Molecular Characterization of 4/91 Infectious Bronchitis Virus Leading to Studies of Pathogenesis and Host Responses in Laying Hens Open
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) initially establishes the infection in the respiratory tract and then spreads to other tissues depending on its virulence. During 2011–2018, the 4/91 IBV strain was isolated from poultry flocks affected by…
A knowledge, attitudes, and practices study on ticks and tick-borne diseases in cattle among farmers in a selected area of eastern Bhutan Open
Livestock farming plays an important role in supporting the livelihood of resource-poor subsistence farmers in Bhutan. However, ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are one of the major constraints to livestock farming due to their negativ…
Identification, Distribution, and Habitat Suitability Models of Ixodid Tick Species in Cattle in Eastern Bhutan Open
Tick infestation is the most reported parasitological problem in cattle in Bhutan. In May and June 2019, we collected ticks from 240 cattle in two districts of Eastern Bhutan. Tick presence, diversity, and infestation prevalence were exami…
Phylogenetic and Ultrastructural Characterization of Bed Bugs in the Southwest of Iran Open
Background: Bed bugs belong systematically to Order Hemiptera; Suborder Heteroptera; Family Cimicidae are of public health importance as ectoparasites of mammals and birds, however, only a few species are the putative ectoparasites of huma…
Comparison of Habitat Suitability Models for Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann in North America to Determine Its Potential Geographic Range Open
Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, 1901 is a vector of many pathogens of public and veterinary health importance in its native range in East Asia and introduced range in Oceania. In North America, this tick was first detected in New Jersey…
Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus Infection in Chickens: Multiple System Disease with Immune Suppression Open
In the early 1930s, infectious bronchitis (IB) was first characterized as a respiratory disease in young chickens; later, the disease was also described in older chickens. The etiology of IB was confirmed later as being due to a coronaviru…
A Qualitative Risk Assessment of Rabies Reintroduction Into the Rabies Low-Risk Zone of Bhutan Open
In Bhutan, dog-mediated rabies has been successfully eliminated from most regions of the country but remains endemic in the Southern region and sporadic incursions are also reported in the East. Elimination of rabies from the southern part…
View article: Current practices in private water well management in Rural Central Alberta
Current practices in private water well management in Rural Central Alberta Open
Approximately 238,000 to 450,000 Albertans rely on private water wells for their water needs. In Canada, private well owners are responsible for monitoring and maintaining the quality of their water well, yet studies in Alberta indicate th…