Dilraj S. Grewal
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View article: Standardization of imaging criteria for detecting macular fibrosis in neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration
Standardization of imaging criteria for detecting macular fibrosis in neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration Open
View article: Cost-Effectiveness of Treatments for Diabetic Macular Edema: Simulated Bevacizumab-First Step Therapy Versus Real-World Practice
Cost-Effectiveness of Treatments for Diabetic Macular Edema: Simulated Bevacizumab-First Step Therapy Versus Real-World Practice Open
Purpose: To compare the incremental cost-effectiveness of a clinical trial-simulated step-therapy versus real-world treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: A theoretical Markov model (follow-up of 2 years and lifetime of 17 ye…
View article: Corrigendum to Evidence and Consensus-Based Imaging Guidelines in Multifocal Choroiditis With Panuveitis and Punctate Inner Choroiditis-Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 5. Am J Ophthalmol. 2025;276:272-285
Corrigendum to Evidence and Consensus-Based Imaging Guidelines in Multifocal Choroiditis With Panuveitis and Punctate Inner Choroiditis-Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 5. Am J Ophthalmol. 2025;276:272-285 Open
View article: Correlating retinal and choroidal vascular parameters with volumetric MRI in Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Correlating retinal and choroidal vascular parameters with volumetric MRI in Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment Open
Clinical trial identifier: NCT03233646, registration date: July 20, 2017.
View article: Evidence and Consensus-based Imaging Guidelines in Birdshot Chorioretinopathy: Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 8
Evidence and Consensus-based Imaging Guidelines in Birdshot Chorioretinopathy: Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 8 Open
View article: Possible Association Between Dopamine Antagonists and Increased Conversion to Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Possible Association Between Dopamine Antagonists and Increased Conversion to Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Open
Purpose: To investigate whether modulating dopamine signaling affects conversion to exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed using the Duke Epic database. Eyes from patients with…
View article: The elusive relationship between retinal anatomy and brain amyloid
The elusive relationship between retinal anatomy and brain amyloid Open
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Retinal microstructure and microvasculature in association with brain amyloid burden’, by Egle et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcaf013).
View article: Correlation of aqueous and plasma levels of phosphorylated tau181 with age and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores in individuals undergoing cataract surgery
Correlation of aqueous and plasma levels of phosphorylated tau181 with age and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores in individuals undergoing cataract surgery Open
Background Phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) 181 was isolated in aqueous humor and was correlated with other measures that might be consistent with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) including higher plasma p‐tau181 concentrations and lower Montreal Cognit…
View article: Ultra‐widefield retinal and choroidal vascular architecture in mild cognitive impairment and normal cognition
Ultra‐widefield retinal and choroidal vascular architecture in mild cognitive impairment and normal cognition Open
Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is currently a clinical diagnosis characterized by decline in memory and daily cognitive function from baseline. Exploratory studies using optical coherence tomography angiography have reported al…
View article: A Convolutional Neural Network to Identify Parkinson’s Disease using Multimodal Retinal Images
A Convolutional Neural Network to Identify Parkinson’s Disease using Multimodal Retinal Images Open
Background Retinal structure and microvasculature may be used as a surrogate for parallel processes in the brain. Previous studies have revealed differences in retinal structure and microvasculature in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD…
View article: Longitudinal Variations in Retinal and Neuronal Degeneration in Cognitively Normal Older Adults using Peripapillary Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Longitudinal Variations in Retinal and Neuronal Degeneration in Cognitively Normal Older Adults using Peripapillary Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Open
Background Despite an aging population, it remains challenging to reliably differentiate between loss of cognitive function associated with normal aging and cognitive decline associated with pathologic processes. With growing interest in u…
View article: Correction: Angioarchitectural alterations in the retina and choroid in frontotemporal dementia
Correction: Angioarchitectural alterations in the retina and choroid in frontotemporal dementia Open
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312118.].
View article: Angioarchitectural alterations in the retina and choroid in frontotemporal dementia
Angioarchitectural alterations in the retina and choroid in frontotemporal dementia Open
Objective Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to cognitive decline and personality changes. The objective of this cross-sectional study…
View article: Staining and Sizing Technique for Human Amniotic Membrane Graft in Refractory Macular Holes
Staining and Sizing Technique for Human Amniotic Membrane Graft in Refractory Macular Holes Open
Purpose: To describe the triple S technique for aiding the visualization (staining), preparation (sizing), and placement (sliding) of human amniotic membrane grafts in cases of refractory macular holes (MHs). Methods: Brilliant blue–green …
View article: Macular, Choroidal, and Peripapillary Perfusion Changes in Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography
Macular, Choroidal, and Peripapillary Perfusion Changes in Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography Open
Introduction: To compare the retinal and choroidal architecture and microvasculature between patients with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) and controls with normal cognition using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT an…
View article: Bevacizumab First in DRCR Protocol AC vs Real-World Physician Treatment Choice for Diabetic Macular Edema: Two-Year Cost Analysis
Bevacizumab First in DRCR Protocol AC vs Real-World Physician Treatment Choice for Diabetic Macular Edema: Two-Year Cost Analysis Open
Purpose: To compare the modeled costs of the Protocol AC bevacizumab-first treatment protocol (with a switch to aflibercept for sub-responders) with real-world costs for treatment-naïve patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) over a 2-y…
View article: Clinical Outcomes of Therapeutic Interventions for Autoimmune Retinopathy: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
Clinical Outcomes of Therapeutic Interventions for Autoimmune Retinopathy: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review Open
The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
View article: Accuracy of Tonopen Versus iCare in Human Cadaveric Eyes With Edematous Corneas Over a Wide Range of Intraocular Pressures
Accuracy of Tonopen Versus iCare in Human Cadaveric Eyes With Edematous Corneas Over a Wide Range of Intraocular Pressures Open
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of 2 portable tonometers, Tonopen and iCare, in extreme corneal edema, while also accounting for the location of pressure measurement over a wide range of intraocular pressure …
View article: Gaucher disease type 3c: Expanding the clinical spectrum of an ultra‐rare disease
Gaucher disease type 3c: Expanding the clinical spectrum of an ultra‐rare disease Open
Gaucher disease (GD) type 3 is an autosomal recessive lysosomal disease caused by deficiency of β‐glucocerebrosidase (GCase) and encompasses a spectrum of cardiac, neurological, and ophthalmological abnormalities. Although the clinical pre…
View article: Multimodal Retinal Imaging Classification for Parkinson's Disease Using a Convolutional Neural Network
Multimodal Retinal Imaging Classification for Parkinson's Disease Using a Convolutional Neural Network Open
Developing machine learning models for automated detection of Parkinson's disease from retinal imaging could lead to earlier and more widespread diagnoses.
View article: Longitudinal Assessment of Peripapillary Microvasculature Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Cognitively Normal Adults
Longitudinal Assessment of Peripapillary Microvasculature Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Cognitively Normal Adults Open
Introduction: To evaluate longitudinal peripapillary changes in cognitively normal older adults using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Methods: Participants older than 50 years with no history of neurodegenera…
View article: Filgotinib in Active Noninfectious Uveitis
Filgotinib in Active Noninfectious Uveitis Open
Importance Noninfectious uveitis is a leading cause of visual impairment with an unmet need for additional treatment options. Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of filgotinib, a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) preferential inhibitor, for th…
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View article: Evaluation of Intravitreal Methotrexate As Adjuvant Treatment in Patients with Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: A Retrospective Analysis
Evaluation of Intravitreal Methotrexate As Adjuvant Treatment in Patients with Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: A Retrospective Analysis Open
Introduction: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a difficult-to-treat complication of retinal detachment (RD) repair. Intravitreal methotrexate (MTX) has emerged as a promising adjuvant therapy. In the GUARD trial, patients with PVR-…
View article: Longitudinal Retinal and Choroidal Image Analysis in a Set of Monozygotic Twins
Longitudinal Retinal and Choroidal Image Analysis in a Set of Monozygotic Twins Open
We analyzed multimodal retinal and choroidal imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA), to assess differences and characterize variations in the retinal and choroidal structure and microvasculature be…
View article: Analysis of the Retinal and Choroidal Vasculature Using Ultrawidefield Fundus Imaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Normal Cognition
Analysis of the Retinal and Choroidal Vasculature Using Ultrawidefield Fundus Imaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Normal Cognition Open
View article: Characterizing differences in retinal and choroidal microvasculature and structure in individuals with Huntington’s Disease compared to healthy controls: A cross-sectional prospective study
Characterizing differences in retinal and choroidal microvasculature and structure in individuals with Huntington’s Disease compared to healthy controls: A cross-sectional prospective study Open
Objective To characterize retinal and choroidal microvascular and structural changes in patients who are gene positive for mutant huntingtin protein (mHtt) with symptoms of Huntington’s Disease (HD). Methods This study is a cross-sectional…
View article: Performance of Automated Machine Learning in Predicting Outcomes of Pneumatic Retinopexy
Performance of Automated Machine Learning in Predicting Outcomes of Pneumatic Retinopexy Open
View article: Ultra-Widefield Imaging of the Retinal Macrovasculature in Parkinson Disease Versus Controls With Normal Cognition Using Alpha-Shapes Analysis
Ultra-Widefield Imaging of the Retinal Macrovasculature in Parkinson Disease Versus Controls With Normal Cognition Using Alpha-Shapes Analysis Open
Retinal vasculature assessment using these novel methods may be useful in understanding ocular manifestations of PD and the development of retinal biomarkers.
View article: Incident glaucoma and ocular hypertension after periocular and intravitreal steroid injections: a claims-based analysis
Incident glaucoma and ocular hypertension after periocular and intravitreal steroid injections: a claims-based analysis Open
Background/aims This study aims to determine the incidence and risk of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT) following ocular steroid injections using healthcare claims data. Methods We retrospectively reviewed deidentified insu…