Stephen Justham
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View article: Good things come to those who wait
Good things come to those who wait Open
Context. Unstable mass transfer in binary systems can lead to transients such as luminous red novae (LRNe). Observations of such transients are valuable for understanding and testing theoretical models of mass transfer. For donor stars in …
View article: Magnetic Atmospheres and Circumstellar Interaction in J1901+1458: Revisiting the Most Compact White Dwarf Merger Remnant in the light of new UV and X-ray data
Magnetic Atmospheres and Circumstellar Interaction in J1901+1458: Revisiting the Most Compact White Dwarf Merger Remnant in the light of new UV and X-ray data Open
Double degenerate white dwarf (WD) mergers can exhibit extreme magnetic fields exceeding $10^{8}$ G and rapid rotation, but their spectral-energy distributions and high-energy emission mechanisms remain poorly characterised. ZTF J1901+1458…
View article: Binary mass transfer in 3D - Mass transfer rate and morphology
Binary mass transfer in 3D - Mass transfer rate and morphology Open
Mass transfer is crucial in binary evolution, yet its theoretical treatment has long relied on analytic models whose key assumptions remain debated. We present a direct and systematic evaluation of these assumptions using high-resolution 3…
View article: Nuclear Neural Networks: Emulating Late Burning Stages in Core-collapse Supernova Progenitors
Nuclear Neural Networks: Emulating Late Burning Stages in Core-collapse Supernova Progenitors Open
One of the main challenges in modeling massive stars to the onset of core collapse is the computational bottleneck of nucleosynthesis during advanced burning stages. The number of isotopes formed requires solving a large set of fully coupl…
View article: A half-ring of ionized circumstellar material trapped in the magnetosphere of a white dwarf merger remnant
A half-ring of ionized circumstellar material trapped in the magnetosphere of a white dwarf merger remnant Open
Many white dwarfs are observed in compact double white dwarf binaries and, through the emission of gravitational waves, a large fraction are destined to merge. The merger remnants that do not explode in a Type Ia supernova are expected to …
View article: Supermassive Black Holes Stripping a Subgiant Star Down to Its Helium Core: A New Type of Multimessenger Source for LISA
Supermassive Black Holes Stripping a Subgiant Star Down to Its Helium Core: A New Type of Multimessenger Source for LISA Open
Some stars orbiting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are expected to undergo a gravitational wave (GW)–driven inspiral and initiate mass transfer on nearly circular orbits. However, the stability and duration of such phases remain unexplor…
View article: The <i>i</i>-processes nucleosynthesis during the formation of He-rich hot-subdwarf stars
The <i>i</i>-processes nucleosynthesis during the formation of He-rich hot-subdwarf stars Open
Context. Intermediate neutron-capture processes are thought to occur in stellar environments where protons are ingested into a hot helium-burning convective region. It has been shown that proton ingestion episodes can happen in the formati…
View article: Evidence of polar and ultralow supernova kicks from the orbits of Be X-ray binaries
Evidence of polar and ultralow supernova kicks from the orbits of Be X-ray binaries Open
Supernovae, the explosive deaths of massive stars, create heavy elements and form black holes and neutron stars. These compact objects often receive a velocity at formation, a "kick" whose physical origin remains debated. We investigate ki…
View article: A fundamental limit to how close binary systems can get via stable mass transfer shapes the properties of binary black hole mergers
A fundamental limit to how close binary systems can get via stable mass transfer shapes the properties of binary black hole mergers Open
Mass transfer in binary systems is the key process in the formation of various classes of objects, including merging binary black holes (BBHs) and neutron stars. Orbital evolution during mass transfer depends on how much mass is accreted a…
View article: Nuclear Neural Networks: Emulating Late Burning Stages in Core Collapse Supernova Progenitors
Nuclear Neural Networks: Emulating Late Burning Stages in Core Collapse Supernova Progenitors Open
One of the main challenges in modeling massive stars to the onset of core collapse is the computational bottleneck of nucleosynthesis during advanced burning stages. The number of isotopes formed requires solving a large set of fully-coupl…
View article: Using Detailed Single-star and Binary-evolution Models to Probe the Large Observed Luminosity Spread of Red Supergiants in Young Open Star Clusters
Using Detailed Single-star and Binary-evolution Models to Probe the Large Observed Luminosity Spread of Red Supergiants in Young Open Star Clusters Open
Red supergiants (RSGs) represent a late evolutionary stage of massive stars. Recent observations reveal that the observed luminosity range of RSGs in young open clusters is wider than expected from single-star evolution models. Binary evol…
View article: Using detailed single star and binary evolution models to probe the large observed luminosity spread of red supergiants in young open star clusters
Using detailed single star and binary evolution models to probe the large observed luminosity spread of red supergiants in young open star clusters Open
Red supergiants (RSGs) represent a late evolutionary stage of massive stars. Recent observations reveal that the observed luminosity range of RSGs in young open clusters is wider than expected from single star evolution models. Binary evol…
View article: The role of triple evolution in the formation of LISA double white dwarfs
The role of triple evolution in the formation of LISA double white dwarfs Open
Galactic double white dwarfs will be prominent gravitational-wave sources for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). While previous studies have primarily focused on formation scenarios in which binaries form and evolve in isolatio…
View article: Planet formation and long-term stability in a very eccentric stellar binary
Planet formation and long-term stability in a very eccentric stellar binary Open
Planets orbiting one of the two stars in a binary are vulnerable to gravitational perturbations from the other star. Particularly, highly eccentric companion stars risk disrupting planetary orbits, such as in the extreme system TOI 4633 wh…
View article: Planet formation and long-term stability in a very eccentric stellar binary
Planet formation and long-term stability in a very eccentric stellar binary Open
Planets orbiting one of the two stars in a binary are vulnerable to gravitational perturbations from the other star. Particularly, highly eccentric companion stars risk disrupting planetary orbits, such as in the extreme system TOI 4633 wh…
View article: Evolution of binaries containing a hot subdwarf and a white dwarf to double white dwarfs, and double detonation supernovae with hypervelocity runaway stars
Evolution of binaries containing a hot subdwarf and a white dwarf to double white dwarfs, and double detonation supernovae with hypervelocity runaway stars Open
Compact binaries containing hot subdwarfs and white dwarfs have the potential to evolve into a variety of explosive transients. These systems could also explain hypervelocity runaway stars such as US 708. We use the detailed binary evoluti…
View article: Stripped Helium Star and Compact Object Binaries in Coeval Populations: Predictions Based on Detailed Binary Evolution Models
Stripped Helium Star and Compact Object Binaries in Coeval Populations: Predictions Based on Detailed Binary Evolution Models Open
Massive stars mainly form in close binaries, where their mutual interactions can profoundly alter their evolutionary paths. Evolved binaries consisting of a massive OB-type main-sequence star with a stripped helium star or a compact compan…
View article: Stripped helium-star and compact object binaries in coeval populations -- predictions based on detailed binary evolution models
Stripped helium-star and compact object binaries in coeval populations -- predictions based on detailed binary evolution models Open
Massive stars mainly form in close binaries, where their mutual interactions can profoundly alter their evolutionary paths. Evolved binaries consisting of a massive OB-type main-sequence star with a stripped helium star or a compact compan…
View article: Large-scale ordered magnetic fields generated in mergers of helium white dwarfs
Large-scale ordered magnetic fields generated in mergers of helium white dwarfs Open
Stellar mergers are one important path to highly magnetised stars. Mergers of two low-mass white dwarfs may create up to every third hot subdwarf star. The merging process is usually assumed to dramatically amplify magnetic fields. However…
View article: Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): a spectroscopic VLT monitoring survey of massive stars in the SMC
Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): a spectroscopic VLT monitoring survey of massive stars in the SMC Open
Surveys in the Milky Way and Large Magellanic Cloud revealed that the majority of massive stars will interact with companions during their lives. However, knowledge of the binary properties of massive stars at low metallicity, which approa…
View article: Large-scale ordered magnetic fields generated in mergers of helium white dwarfs
Large-scale ordered magnetic fields generated in mergers of helium white dwarfs Open
Stellar mergers are one important path to highly magnetised stars. Mergers of two low-mass white dwarfs may create up to every third hot subdwarf star. The merging process is usually assumed to dramatically amplify magnetic fields. However…
View article: The Potential of Asteroseismology to Resolve the Blue Supergiant Problem
The Potential of Asteroseismology to Resolve the Blue Supergiant Problem Open
Despite major progress in our understanding of massive stars, concerning discrepancies still remain between observations and theory. Most notable are the numerous stars observed beyond the theoretical main sequence, an evolutionary phase e…
View article: A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars I. Space density, scale height, and population properties
A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars I. Space density, scale height, and population properties Open
We present the first volume-limited sample of spectroscopically confirmed hot subluminous stars out to 500 pc, defined using the accurate parallax measurements from the {\em Gaia} space mission data release 3 (DR3). The sample comprises a …
View article: Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants"
Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants" Open
Videos, post-processing package for mock ALMA observations, MESA (r23.05.1 with mesasdk-x86_64-linux-23.7.3) inlists and history files, Jupyter notebook and data to reproduce figures of the paper "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic A…
View article: A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars
A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars Open
We present the first volume-limited sample of spectroscopically confirmed hot subluminous stars out to 500 pc, defined using the accurate parallax measurements from the Gaia space mission data release 3 (DR3). The sample comprises a total …
View article: Is Betelgeuse Really Rotating? Synthetic ALMA Observations of Large-scale Convection in 3D Simulations of Red Supergiants
Is Betelgeuse Really Rotating? Synthetic ALMA Observations of Large-scale Convection in 3D Simulations of Red Supergiants Open
The evolved stages of massive stars are poorly understood, but invaluable constraints can be derived from spatially resolved observations of nearby red supergiants, such as Betelgeuse. Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) ob…
View article: Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants"
Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants" Open
Videos, post-processing package for mock ALMA observations, MESA (r23.05.1 with mesasdk-x86_64-linux-23.7.3) inlists and history files, Jupyter notebook and data to reproduce figures of the paper "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic A…
View article: Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants"
Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants" Open
Videos, post-processing package for mock ALMA observations, MESA (v22.05.1) inlists, Jupyter notebook and data to reproduce figures of the paper "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D si…
View article: Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants"
Animation, MESA inlists, and post-processing package for "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D simulations of Red Supergiants" Open
Videos, post-processing package for mock ALMA observations, MESA (v22.05.1) inlists, Jupyter notebook and data to reproduce figures of the paper "Is Betelgeuse really rotating? Synthetic ALMA observations of large-scale convection in 3D si…