Keith S. Kaye
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View article: Ventilator-associated pneumonia biomarker evaluation (VIBE) study: protocol for a prospective, observational, case-cohort study
Ventilator-associated pneumonia biomarker evaluation (VIBE) study: protocol for a prospective, observational, case-cohort study Open
Introduction Current guideline-recommended antibiotic treatment durations for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are largely standardised, with limited consideration of individual patient characteristics, pathogens or clinical context. …
View article: New Perspectives on Antimicrobial Agents: Sulbactam-durlobactam
New Perspectives on Antimicrobial Agents: Sulbactam-durlobactam Open
Infections due to Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) are a significant burden and are associated with devastating outcomes. Subsequently, CRAB is recognized as an urgent threat to human health by the United States (US) Cen…
View article: Corrigendum to “A quasi-experimental study of a bundled diagnostic stewardship intervention for ventilator-associated pneumonia” [Clin Microbiol Infect 30 (2024) 499–506]
Corrigendum to “A quasi-experimental study of a bundled diagnostic stewardship intervention for ventilator-associated pneumonia” [Clin Microbiol Infect 30 (2024) 499–506] Open
View article: A network analysis of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae among healthcare facilities
A network analysis of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae among healthcare facilities Open
With limited treatments for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp), curtailing transmission is critical. We applied a network analysis using epidemiological admission data and bacterial genetics to characterize CRKp spread among…
View article: Pivmecillinam for Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection: New Efficacy Analysis
Pivmecillinam for Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection: New Efficacy Analysis Open
Background In April 2024—over 40 years after its first approval in Europe—pivmecillinam received approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) in women …
View article: Population Pharmacokinetic/Toxicodynamic Model for Polymyxin B in Critically Ill Patients to Identify the Risk of Nephrotoxicity
Population Pharmacokinetic/Toxicodynamic Model for Polymyxin B in Critically Ill Patients to Identify the Risk of Nephrotoxicity Open
Polymyxins are used against highly resistant Gram‐negative pathogens, and nephrotoxicity (acute kidney injury, AKI) is the major dose‐limiting adverse effect. We aimed to develop a well‐informed population pharmacokinetic/toxicodynamic (PK…
View article: A Mechanism Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Polymyxin B-Based Combination Therapy Against Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Isolates with Diverse Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance Mechanisms
A Mechanism Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Polymyxin B-Based Combination Therapy Against Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Isolates with Diverse Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance Mechanisms Open
Increased resistance to β-lactams/β-lactamase inhibitor by mutations in β-lactamases gene, porin mutations and efflux pumps complicates the management of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). Polymyxin B (PMB) based combinatio…
View article: Power considerations for the win ratio: A rank-based simulation approach
Power considerations for the win ratio: A rank-based simulation approach Open
The simulation strategy offers a novel and flexible approach to inform trial design involving win ratio analysis.
View article: Pivmecillinam for Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: The Full Picture Combines Extensive Clinical Experience and Emerging Data
Pivmecillinam for Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: The Full Picture Combines Extensive Clinical Experience and Emerging Data Open
View article: The association between undetected heteroresistance and antibiotic treatment failure in complicated urinary tract infection
The association between undetected heteroresistance and antibiotic treatment failure in complicated urinary tract infection Open
Background Antibiotic resistance is a worsening public health threat. One poorly understood aspect of this problem is unexpected antibiotic treatment failure; when an infecting isolate is deemed susceptible to a given antibiotic, yet treat…
View article: Cefepime-enmetazobactam: first approved cefepime-β- lactamase inhibitor combination for multi-drug resistant Enterobacterales
Cefepime-enmetazobactam: first approved cefepime-β- lactamase inhibitor combination for multi-drug resistant Enterobacterales Open
Cefepime-enmetazobactam is a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) combination that has demonstrated potent activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales, recently approved by the US FDA for the trea…
View article: P-1582. Comparing Contamination Rates in Single-Site vs Multi-Site Blood Culture Sampling
P-1582. Comparing Contamination Rates in Single-Site vs Multi-Site Blood Culture Sampling Open
Background The utility of blood cultures relies on optimal sampling - two samples obtained from separate sites at different times. We noted repeated instances where, according to the electronic medical record (EMR), 2 sets of blood culture…
View article: 382. A Hot Topic: the Relationship Between Climate Variability and Vector Specific Trends in Tick-Borne Diseases in New Jersey
382. A Hot Topic: the Relationship Between Climate Variability and Vector Specific Trends in Tick-Borne Diseases in New Jersey Open
Background The distribution and prevalence of tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are affected by climate factors, particularly temperature and humidity, which impact tick survival and activity. Understanding how climate factors affect TBDs is cruc…
View article: 101. Patients with Carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella aerogenes</i> and <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> complex Colonization or Infection Have Different Baseline Characteristics but Similar Mortality and Clinical Outcomes
101. Patients with Carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella aerogenes</i> and <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> complex Colonization or Infection Have Different Baseline Characteristics but Similar Mortality and Clinical Outcomes Open
Background Recently, comparative phylogenetics dictated the formerly named Enterobacter aerogenes be separated from the genus Enterobacter and renamed Klebsiella aerogenes (KA); however, it remains unclear whether the genotypic differences…
View article: P-1283. There’s an uptick!: Increasing Cases of Tick-Borne Diseases Transmitted by <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> in New Jersey
P-1283. There’s an uptick!: Increasing Cases of Tick-Borne Diseases Transmitted by <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> in New Jersey Open
Background Tick-borne disease (TBD) transmission is affected by climate factors, particularly temperature and humidity. Statistical models suggest that Lyme disease cases will increase with the warmer climates and that the season will exte…
View article: P-1092. Re-analysis of Pivmecillinam Randomized Clinical Trial Data According to 2019 US Food and Drug Administration Guidance for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection
P-1092. Re-analysis of Pivmecillinam Randomized Clinical Trial Data According to 2019 US Food and Drug Administration Guidance for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection Open
Background Due to increasing prevalence of resistant uropathogens, there is urgent need in the USA for effective new oral antibiotics for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI). Pivmecillinam has been used to treat uUTI …
View article: P-1561. Use of BacterioScan 216Dx to Reduce Antibiotic Use for Suspected Urinary Tract Infection in the Emergency Department
P-1561. Use of BacterioScan 216Dx to Reduce Antibiotic Use for Suspected Urinary Tract Infection in the Emergency Department Open
Background Urinary tract infections (UTI) are often empirically treated in the emergency department (ED) before urine culture (UCx) results are available. 20-40% of suspected UTIs yield negative UCx and therefore are, by definition, not UT…
View article: 311. Defining the magnitude of desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) differences in effectiveness of Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CZA) versus Ceftolozane-Tazobactam (C/T) for multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections in the United States (CACTUS)
311. Defining the magnitude of desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) differences in effectiveness of Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CZA) versus Ceftolozane-Tazobactam (C/T) for multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections in the United States (CACTUS) Open
Background CACTUS is a retrospective, matched, multicenter study comparing the efficacy of C/T and CZA for the treatment of bacteremia or pneumonia due to MDR P. aeruginosa. We previously demonstrated that treatment with C/T resulted in hi…
View article: 312. Impact of Patient Subgroups on the Efficacy of Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CZA) versus Ceftolozane-Tazobactam (C/T) for Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections in the United States (CACTUS)
312. Impact of Patient Subgroups on the Efficacy of Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CZA) versus Ceftolozane-Tazobactam (C/T) for Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections in the United States (CACTUS) Open
Background CACTUS is a retrospective, matched, multicenter study comparing the efficacy of C/T and CZA for treatment of bacteremia or pneumonia due to MDR P. aeruginosa. We found that treatment with C/T resulted in higher rates of clinical…
View article: Safety and Tolerability of Pivmecillinam During More Than Four Decades of Clinical Experience: A Systematic Review
Safety and Tolerability of Pivmecillinam During More Than Four Decades of Clinical Experience: A Systematic Review Open
The recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of pivmecillinam—an oral prodrug of the amidinopenicillin antibiotic mecillinam—presents a valuable opportunity to address the need for new treatments for uncomplicated urinary tract infe…
View article: Accuracy and Interobserver Reliability of Bedside Assessments of Endotracheal Secretions Among Critically Ill Patients
Accuracy and Interobserver Reliability of Bedside Assessments of Endotracheal Secretions Among Critically Ill Patients Open
View article: Longitudinal surveillance and transmission of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> using whole genome sequencing—a tale of two hospitals
Longitudinal surveillance and transmission of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> using whole genome sequencing—a tale of two hospitals Open
Objective: Acinetobacter baumannii is known to cause global outbreaks and routine surveillance to prevent nosocomial transmission has historically been limited. A longitudinal surveillance study of Acinetobacter isolates using whole genome…
View article: Comparing contamination rates in paired blood culture sets with a single-time stamp vs multiple-time stamps
Comparing contamination rates in paired blood culture sets with a single-time stamp vs multiple-time stamps Open
This retrospective analysis compares the recovery rate of commensal organisms in two sets of blood cultures with a single-time stamp (STS) versus ones with multiple-time stamps (MTS) in an academic tertiary center. Rates in which both sets…
View article: 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: Diagnostic Imaging of Suspected Acute Diverticulitis in Adults and Pregnant People
2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: Diagnostic Imaging of Suspected Acute Diverticulitis in Adults and Pregnant People Open
This paper is part of a clinical practice guideline update on the risk assessment, diagnostic imaging, and microbiological evaluation of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults, children, and pregnant people, developed by the Infe…
View article: 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: Risk Assessment, Diagnostic Imaging, and Microbiological Evaluation in Adults, Children, and Pregnant People
2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: Risk Assessment, Diagnostic Imaging, and Microbiological Evaluation in Adults, Children, and Pregnant People Open
As the first part of an update to the clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults, children, and pregnant people, developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, …
View article: Assessing Mupirocin Resistance in MRSA Isolates in Hospitals in Cleveland, OH and Detroit, MI
Assessing Mupirocin Resistance in MRSA Isolates in Hospitals in Cleveland, OH and Detroit, MI Open
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common pathogen responsible for nosocomial and community-acquired infections with high morbidity and mortality1. MRSA nasal colonization is a major risk factor for develop…
View article: Assessing chlorhexidine resistance in MRSA isolates from hospitals in Cleveland, OH and Detroit, MI
Assessing chlorhexidine resistance in MRSA isolates from hospitals in Cleveland, OH and Detroit, MI Open
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common causes of procedure-related, skin, and soft-tissue infections. Hospitalized patients who are colonized with MRSA are at a higher risk of developing in…
View article: Clinical outcomes in patients infected with ertapenem-only-resistant Enterobacterales versus multi-carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales
Clinical outcomes in patients infected with ertapenem-only-resistant Enterobacterales versus multi-carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales Open
Background Use of anti-carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (anti-CRE) agents such as ceftazidime/avibactam has been associated with improved clinical outcome in cohorts that primarily include patients infected with CRE that are resistant…
View article: Co-resistance Among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Urine Isolates from Female Outpatients with Presumed UTI: A Retrospective US Cohort Study
Co-resistance Among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Urine Isolates from Female Outpatients with Presumed UTI: A Retrospective US Cohort Study Open
View article: Review of the In Vitro Microbiological Activity of Mecillinam Against Common Uropathogens in Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection: Focus on Resistant Pathogens
Review of the In Vitro Microbiological Activity of Mecillinam Against Common Uropathogens in Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection: Focus on Resistant Pathogens Open
Antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens commonly causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a growing problem internationally. Pivmecillinam, the oral prodrug of mecillinam, has been used for over 40 years, primarily in Northern Europe an…