Explanipedia

Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for hospital-based antimicrobial stewardship programs: A national guideline adaptation by saudi pediatric infectious diseases society Open

Rana Hassan Almaghrabi, Fatimah Abullah Aldubisi, Ghada Bawazeer, Yasser Sami Amer, Sahar Althawadi , et al. · 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a pressing global health threat, and in Saudi Arabia, national surveillance trends continue to demonstrate rising resistance among key pathogens. In response, a national evidence-based guideline for h…

Epidemiology and outcomes of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infection in high-risk patients in Saudi Arabia Open

Basem Alraddadi, Emily L. G. Heaphy, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Sahar Althawadi, Ahmad M. Alshahrani , et al. · 2025

Introduction Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients, and patients with hematological malignancies experience increased morbidity due to infections caused by multidrug-resistant, Carbapenem-resistan…

Shigella flexneri Outbreak at a Rehabilitation Center: First Report from Saudi Arabia Open

Khalifa Binkhamis, Sarah Alangari, F.O. Juma, Sahar Althawadi, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani , et al. · 2025

Background: Shigella flexneri is a major cause of shigellosis in developing regions and is known to cause outbreaks in institutional settings. Transmission occurs via the fecal–oral route. It invades intestinal epithelial cells, causing di…

Implementation of Next Generation Sequencing (Ngs) as a Diagnostic Tool in Infectious Diseases Open

Hamsa T. Tayeb, Turki A Alzahrani, Amna Magrashi, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Abdulmohsen alqasabi , et al. · 2025

Risk of invasive MDRO infection in MDRO-colonized patients Open

Ali M. Alshubaily, Aeshah Alosaimi, Bushra I. Alhothli, Sahar Althawadi, Salem M. Alghamdi · 2024

Objective: In this study, we aim to estimate the risk of developing clinical multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), or vancomycin-…

Temporal analysis of prevalence and antibiotic-resistance patterns in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates in a 19-year retrospective study Open

Meshal K. AlFonaisan, Murad A. Mubaraki, Sahar Althawadi, Dalia Obeid, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani , et al. · 2024

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nonfermenting gram-negative bacterium associated with multiple nosocomial outbreaks. Antibiotic resistance increases healthcare costs, disease severity, and mortality. Multidrug-resistant infections (such …

Characteristics and clinical manifestations of patients, including organ transplant patients, during the surge of JN.1: Insights from Saudi Arabia Open

Dalia Obeid, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Basma M. Alahideb, Layla Alharbi , et al. · 2024

Although JN.1 may not prove to be particularly harmful, it is crucial to recognize the persistent emergence of concerning variants, which create new pathways for the virus to evolve. The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is evident in the co…

First parechovirus reported case in Saudi Arabia in hospitalized immunocompromised adult patient Open

Abdullah Alshammari, Jawaher Alotaibi, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Reema Bawazeer, Sahar Althawadi , et al. · 2024

Genomic Surveillance and Mutation Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Variants among Patients in Saudi Arabia Open

Feda A. Alsuwairi, Asma N. Alsaleh, Dalia Obeid, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Reem S. Almaghrabi , et al. · 2024

The genome of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has undergone a rapid evolution, resulting in the emergence of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants with amino acid c…

Stenotrophomonas riyadhensis sp. nov., isolated from a hospital floor swab Open

Guerrino Macori, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Leonard Koolman, Sahar Althawadi, Maysoon Mutabaqani , et al. · 2024

During the analysis of a collection of Pseudomonas strains linked to an outbreak in an intensive care unit at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in 2019, one isolate (CFS3442 T ) was identified phenotypically as Pseudomona…

Donor respiratory multidrug-resistant bacteria and lung transplantation outcomes Open

Rayid Abdulqawi, Rana Saleh, Reem Alameer, Haifa Aldakhil, Khaled Alkattan , et al. · 2024

Our data suggest the potential safety of using lung allografts with MDR bacteria in the setting of appropriate prophylaxis; however, caution should be exercised in the case of MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Whole genome sequencing of resistance and virulence genes in multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Open

Reem S. Almaghrabi, Guerrino Macori, Fionn Sheridan, Siobhán C. McCarthy, Alexander Floss-Jones , et al. · 2023

The MDR phenotypes of the examined isolates can be explained by the high prevalence of efflux-mediated resistance- and hydrolytic enzyme-encoding genes. These isolates had high cytotoxic potential, as indicated by the detection of toxin pr…

First Parechovirus reported case in Saudi Arabia in Hospitalized immunocompromised adult patient. Open

Abdullah Mohammad Alshammari, Jawaher Alotaibi, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Reema A. Bawazeer, Sahar Althawadi , et al. · 2023

Human parechovirus, a member of the Picornaviridae family (PeVs), can lead to severe infections, including severe meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and sepsis-like syndrome. We report a case of human parechovirus-related encephalitis in a 5…

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Mutations with Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics during the Delta and Omicron Waves Open

Feda A. Alsuwairi, Asma N. Alsaleh, Madain S. Alsanea, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Dalia Obeid , et al. · 2023

SARS-CoV-2 genomic mutations outside the spike protein that may increase transmissibility and disease severity have not been well characterized. This study identified mutations in the nucleocapsid protein and their possible association wit…

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Mutations with Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics during the Delta and Omicron Waves Open

Feda A. Alsuwairi, Asma N. Alsaleh, Madain S. Alsanea, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Dalia Obeid , et al. · 2023

SARS-CoV-2 genomic mutations outside the spike protein that may increase transmissibility and disease severity have not been well characterized. This study identified mutations in the nucleocapsid protein and their possible association wit…

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Gene Sanger Sequencing Methodology to Identify Variants of Concern Open

Fatimah S. Alhamlan, Dana Bakheet, Marie Fe F. Bohol, Madain S. Alsanea, Basma M. Alahideb , et al. · 2023

The global demand for rapid identification of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern has led to a shortage of commercial kits. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a rapid, cost-efficient genome sequencing protocol to id…

Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance data during the Delta and Omicron waves at a Saudi tertiary referral hospital Open

Dalia Obeid, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Sarah M. Alghamdi, Madain S. Alsanea , et al. · 2022

2185. Pulmonary Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections in Adult Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia Open

Reem AlMahasnah, Abdullah AlMohaizeie, Abdulrahman A. Alrajhi, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Sahar Althawadi , et al. · 2022

Background Burden of Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) disease is increasing in both developed and developing countries. Local data is needed to guide our understanding of the epidemiology and outcome of NTM management in our population. …

Descriptive analysis of clinical and laboratory findings in relation to changes in SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics and cyclic threshold: a retrospective, single center observational study in patients treated with Hydroxychloroquine/Azithromycin combination therapy Open

Maha Al‐Amri, Edward Devol, Anwar B. Al-Otaibi, Faisal Albaiz, Mayyadah Alabdely , et al. · 2022

Background: Cases of undiagnosed pneumonia have emerged, and sequencing of respiratory samples indicated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19. Patients with higher viral load and lower Ct values tend to have progressive disease and …

Epidemiological characteristics, clinical course, and laboratory investigation of pediatric COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia Open

Bayan Duabie, Areej Alfattani, Sahar Althawadi, Abdullah Taha, Haroon Ahmed Javaid , et al. · 2022

Background: Since the initial emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus responsible for the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, many studies have been exploring the nature and characteristics of this virus and its associated …

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of People with Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection during the Early COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia Open

Fatimah S. Alhamlan, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Edward Devol, Anwar Alotaibi, Saleh Alageel , et al. · 2022

This study provides epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of 492 consecutive patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Saudi Arabia between March and September 2020. Data we…

SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity and variants of concern in Saudi Arabia Open

Dalia Obeid, Madain S. Alsanea, Rawan Talal Alnemari, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Sahar Althawadi , et al. · 2021

Introduction: In December 2019, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in China, causing coronavirus disease 2019. The present study investigated genetic profiles and variations of SARS-CoV-2 distributed i…

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Open

Reem S. Almaghrabi, Osamah Alsagheir, Rawan Alquaiz, Othman Zeyad O Alhekail, Abdulrahman M. Abaalkhail , et al. · 2021

Invasive fungal infection of the brain caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in a post-renal transplant patient: A case report Open

Maha Al‐Amri, Heba Alghamdi, Sahar Althawadi, Maysoon Mutabaggani, Mohammad Anas Dababo , et al. · 2021

In-House, Rapid, and Low-Cost SARS-CoV-2 Spike Gene Sequencing Protocol to Identify Variants of Concern Using Sanger Sequencing Open

Fatimah S. Alhamlan, Dana Bakheet, Marie Fe F. Bohol, Madain S. Alsanea, Basma M. Alahideb , et al. · 2021

Background The need for active genomic sequencing surveillance to rapidly identify circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) is critical. However, increased global demand has led to a shortage of commercial SARS-CoV-2 sequencing ki…

SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Predominant at a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia Open

Fatimah S. Alhamlan, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Dalia Obeid, Suliman Aljumaah, Salem Saeed Alghamdi , et al. · 2021

Despite the effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the delta (B.1.617.2) variant of concern (VOC) has spread globally, and breakthrough infections have been reported. We identified the circ…

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics in Individuals with Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia Open

Fatimah S. Alhamlan, Reem S. Almaghrabi, Edward Devol, Anwar Alotaibi, Saleh Alageel , et al. · 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the catastrophic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. This study aimed to provide epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients…

Development and validation of an in-house, low-cost SARS-CoV-2 detection assay Open

Fatimah S. Alhamlan, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani, Dana Bakheet, Marie Fe F. Bohol, Sahar Althawadi , et al. · 2021

Antimicrobial resistance trends of non-fermenter Gram negative bacteria in Saudi Arabia: A six-year national study Open

Ali M. Somily, Hanan H. Balkhy, Mushira Enani, Sahar Althawadi, Maha Alawi , et al. · 2021

We are reporting high and/or increasing resistance of NFGNB to common treatment options. The current findings call for urgent actions to combat the increasing resistance of NFGNB. Large scale sharing of AMR data collected at different hosp…

Effectiveness of ceftazidime–avibactam versus colistin in treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia Open

Hakeam A. Hakeam, H. Al-Sahli, Lama Albabtain, Shahad Alassaf, Zainab Al Duhailib , et al. · 2021

Ceftazidime-avibactam was associated with a lower risk of 14-day mortality than colistin in patients with CRE bacteremia.

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