Sam Rowe
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View article: Negatively controlled trial investigating the effect of dry cow therapy in first-lactation dairy cows on the prevalence of intramammary infections in the subsequent lactation
Negatively controlled trial investigating the effect of dry cow therapy in first-lactation dairy cows on the prevalence of intramammary infections in the subsequent lactation Open
Research has shown that selective dry cow therapy (DCT) can be implemented in well-managed dairy farms without negatively affecting postpartum udder health and performance. This raises the question of whether DCT is necessary in well-manag…
View article: Comparison of a machine learning model with a conventional rule-based selective dry cow therapy algorithm for detection of intramammary infections
Comparison of a machine learning model with a conventional rule-based selective dry cow therapy algorithm for detection of intramammary infections Open
We trained machine learning models to identify IMI in late-lactation cows at dry-off to guide antibiotic treatment, and compared their performance to a rule-based algorithm that is currently used on dairy farms in the United States. We con…
Retrospective cohort study investigating the relationship between diarrhea during the preweaning period and subsequent survival, health, and production in dairy cows Open
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between preweaning diarrhea and measures of survival, health, and production. The measures of interest included survival (mortality before first calving and time to remova…
Evaluation of point-of-care tests for identification of pathogens to inform clinical mastitis treatment decisions in pasture- and confinement-managed dairy cows in Australia Open
To support antimicrobial stewardship in livestock production, there is a growing array of point-of-care diagnostics to guide antimicrobial treatment. The primary objective of this observational study was to evaluate the diagnostic performa…
Etiology and epidemiology of digital dermatitis in Australian dairy herds Open
Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is an important cause of lameness in dairy cows worldwide. However, very little is known about this disease in Australian herds, which are predominantly managed on pasture. The primary objectives of this cro…
Milk as diagnostic fluid for udder health management Open
Background Mastitis is the major disease affecting milk production of dairy cattle, and milk is an obvious substrate for the detection of both the inflammation and its causative infectious agents at quarter, cow, or herd levels. In this re…
Low prevalence of antimicrobial resistant organisms (methicillin resistant <span><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i></span>, extended beta‐lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae, and vancomycin resistant enterococci) in bulk tank milk in New South Wales, Australia Open
Objective Estimate the presence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended beta‐lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae, and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) in bulk tank milk in dairy herds in New South Wa…
View article: Negatively controlled trial investigating the effects of dry cow therapy on clinical mastitis and culling in multiparous cows
Negatively controlled trial investigating the effects of dry cow therapy on clinical mastitis and culling in multiparous cows Open
Blanket dry cow therapy (DCT) is a major contributor to overall antibiotic usage on dairy farms in the United States. With low prevalence of intramammary infections at dry-off in US herds today, alternative DCT approaches have been the foc…
View article: Selective dry-cow therapy can be implemented successfully in cows of all milk production levels
Selective dry-cow therapy can be implemented successfully in cows of all milk production levels Open
Antibiotic stewardship on dairy farms can be heightened through the implementation of selective dry-cow therapy (SDCT). However, some producers are concerned that this practice may be related to poor udder health outcomes in cows with high…
A framework for evaluation of on‐farm mastitis diagnostics in Australia Open
Numerous culture‐based diagnostics are available on the Australian and international markets for on‐farm detection of bacterial pathogens in milk. Use of such diagnostics may provide an opportunity to improve the prudent use of antimicrobi…
View article: Diagnosing Intramammary Infection: Meta-Analysis and Mapping Review on Frequency and Udder Health Relevance of Microorganism Species Isolated from Bovine Milk Samples
Diagnosing Intramammary Infection: Meta-Analysis and Mapping Review on Frequency and Udder Health Relevance of Microorganism Species Isolated from Bovine Milk Samples Open
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry provides accurate species-level identification of many, microorganisms retrieved from bovine milk samples. However, not all those microorganisms are p…
Can apps be used to formulate fluid therapy plans in veterinary medicine? Open
Background Formulating sophisticated fluid therapy plans can be complicated and time consuming. Consequently, veterinarians in the field who lack experience, time, or confidence may formulate suboptimal fluid therapy plans. Objectives Comp…
Invited review: Selective use of antimicrobials in dairy cattle at drying-off Open
Administering intramammary antimicrobials to all mammary quarters of dairy cows at drying-off [i.e., blanket dry cow therapy (BDCT)] has been a mainstay of mastitis prevention and control. However, as udder health has considerably improved…
Additional file 1 of The microbiome of common bedding materials before and after use on commercial dairy farms Open
Additional file 1: Table S1. Metadata file for all samples included in this study. Table S2. ASVs assigned to each taxonomic level. Table S3. Read counts and mean abundance of assigned species stratified by sample ID. Table S4. Proportion …
A survey of mastitis pathogens including antimicrobial susceptibility in southeastern Australian dairy herds Open
The objectives for this study were to (1) describe the pathogen profile in quarters from cows with clinical mastitis and in cows with subclinical mastitis in southeastern Australia; and (2) describe antimicrobial susceptibility among isola…
View article: Evaluation of 4 predictive algorithms for intramammary infection status in late-lactation cows
Evaluation of 4 predictive algorithms for intramammary infection status in late-lactation cows Open
The objective of this observational study was to compare 4 cow-level algorithms to predict cow-level intramammary infection (IMI) status (culture and MALDI-TOF) in late-lactation US dairy cows using standard measures of test performance. S…
View article: Partial budget analysis of culture- and algorithm-guided selective dry cow therapy
Partial budget analysis of culture- and algorithm-guided selective dry cow therapy Open
The objectives of this study were to (1) use partial budget analysis to estimate the cash impact for herds that switch from blanket dry cow therapy (BDCT) to culture- or algorithm-guided selective dry cow therapy (SDCT) and (2) conduct a s…
View article: Postcalving udder health and productivity in cows approaching dry-off with intramammary infections caused by non-aureus Staphylococcus, Aerococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus species
Postcalving udder health and productivity in cows approaching dry-off with intramammary infections caused by non-aureus Staphylococcus, Aerococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus species Open
The objective of this prospective cohort study was to explore associations between intramammary infection (IMI) in late-lactation cows and postcalving udder health and productivity. Cows (n = 2,763) from 74 US dairy herds were recruited as…
Longitudinal study of herd udder hygiene and its association with clinical mastitis in pasture-based dairy cows Open
The objectives of this exploratory study were to (1) describe the association between herd-level udder hygiene and clinical mastitis and (2) investigate how sample size and milking stage affect the accuracy and precision of herd udder hygi…
View article: Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial investigating the effect of 2 selective dry-cow therapy protocols on antibiotic use at dry-off and dry period intramammary infection dynamics
Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial investigating the effect of 2 selective dry-cow therapy protocols on antibiotic use at dry-off and dry period intramammary infection dynamics Open
Selective dry-cow therapy (SDCT) could be used to reduce antibiotic use on commercial dairy farms in the United States but is not yet widely adopted, possibly due to concerns about the potential for negative effects on cow health. The obje…
View article: Randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of 2 selective dry-cow therapy protocols on udder health and performance in the subsequent lactation
Randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of 2 selective dry-cow therapy protocols on udder health and performance in the subsequent lactation Open
The objective of this study was to compare culture- and algorithm-guided selective dry-cow therapy (SDCT) programs with blanket dry-cow therapy (BDCT) in a multi-site, randomized, natural exposure clinical trial for the following cow-level…
View article: Randomized equivalence study comparing the efficacy of 2 commercial internal teat sealants in dairy cows
Randomized equivalence study comparing the efficacy of 2 commercial internal teat sealants in dairy cows Open
The use of an internal teat sealant (ITS) at dry-off has been repeatedly shown to improve udder health in the subsequent lactation. However, almost all ITS research conducted in North America has evaluated one product (Orbeseal, Zoetis, Pa…
View article: Cross-sectional study of the relationship between cloth udder towel management, towel bacteria counts, and intramammary infection in late-lactation dairy cows
Cross-sectional study of the relationship between cloth udder towel management, towel bacteria counts, and intramammary infection in late-lactation dairy cows Open
Because cloth udder towels (CUT) may function as a fomite for mastitis-causing pathogens, most udder health laboratories offer towel culture services as a tool to monitor towel hygiene. However, no studies have investigated if an associati…
View article: Cross-sectional study of the relationships among bedding materials, bedding bacteria counts, and intramammary infection in late-lactation dairy cows
Cross-sectional study of the relationships among bedding materials, bedding bacteria counts, and intramammary infection in late-lactation dairy cows Open
Objectives of this study were to (1) describe the intramammary infection (IMI) prevalence and pathogen profiles in quarters of cows approaching dry-off in US dairy herds, (2) compare IMI prevalence in quarters of cows exposed to different …
View article: Selective dry cow therapy on US dairy farms
Selective dry cow therapy on US dairy farms Open
There is an opportunity to reduce antibiotic (ABX) use at dry-off in US dairy farms, as approximately 80% of herds practice blanket dry cow therapy (BDCT), despite most quarters (~80%) being uninfected at that time. Selective dry cow thera…
Evaluation of the use of the California Mastitis Test, last test somatic cell count, or a computer automated algorithm for detecting intramammary infection at dry-off Open
Selective dry cow therapy (SDCT), the identification and treatment of only cows or quarters that have or are at risk for an infection over the dry period, constitutes a prudent strategy when considering antibiotic use. Milk culture by a pr…
View article: Chipping away at the tough questions about bedding management and mastitis
Chipping away at the tough questions about bedding management and mastitis Open
Over the past several decades, the dairy industry and mastitis researchers have, collectively, made great progress in improving our understanding of the role of bedding selection and management as a determinant of mastitis risk. Increased …
View article: Use of a sanitary sheath at artificial insemination by nonprofessional technicians does not markedly improve pregnancy rates to artificial insemination in pasture-based dairy cows
Use of a sanitary sheath at artificial insemination by nonprofessional technicians does not markedly improve pregnancy rates to artificial insemination in pasture-based dairy cows Open
Plastic sanitary sheaths over artificial insemination (AI) guns have been used at the time of AI to improve hygiene at AI and fertility in cattle, but fertility responses have been variable in studies when AI was performed by professional …