Sam Torrens
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View article: Understanding Proton Exchange and Energy Catabolism in Health and Disease: Lessons from Computational Chemistry, Ketoacidosis and McArdle Disease
Understanding Proton Exchange and Energy Catabolism in Health and Disease: Lessons from Computational Chemistry, Ketoacidosis and McArdle Disease Open
This thesis explored biochemical and clinical aspects of disrupted carbohydrate metabolism in ketoacidosis and McArdle disease. It revealed ketone body metabolism does contribute to systemic acidosis however not via historical mechanisms o…
View article: Carbohydrate Ingestion before Exercise for Individuals with McArdle Disease: Survey Evidence of Implementation and Perception in Real-World Settings
Carbohydrate Ingestion before Exercise for Individuals with McArdle Disease: Survey Evidence of Implementation and Perception in Real-World Settings Open
In individuals with McArdle disease (IWMD), the ingestion of carbohydrates before exercise has previously been shown in laboratory studies to significantly decrease the exercising symptoms of the condition and increase exercise tolerance d…
View article: The missing hydrogen ion, Part-3: Science and the human flaws that compromise it
The missing hydrogen ion, Part-3: Science and the human flaws that compromise it Open
The purpose of this research was to use a historical method and core principles from scientific philosophy to explain why mistakes were made in the development of the lactic acidosis construct. On a broader scope, this research explains wh…
View article: The missing hydrogen ion, part-1: Historical precedents vs. fundamental concepts
The missing hydrogen ion, part-1: Historical precedents vs. fundamental concepts Open
The purpose of this review and commentary was to provide an historical and evidence-based account of organic acids and the biochemical and organic chemistry evidence for why cells do not produce metabolites that are acids. The scientific s…
View article: The Computational Acid–Base Chemistry of Hepatic Ketoacidosis
The Computational Acid–Base Chemistry of Hepatic Ketoacidosis Open
Opposing evidence exists for the source of the hydrogen ions (H+) during ketoacidosis. Organic and computational chemistry using dissociation constants and alpha equations for all pertinent ionizable metabolites were used to (1) document t…
View article: How to be a better scientist: Lessons from scientific philosophy, the historical development of science, and past errors within exercise physiology
How to be a better scientist: Lessons from scientific philosophy, the historical development of science, and past errors within exercise physiology Open
What is science? While a simple question, the answer is complex. Science is a process involving human behaviour, and due to the human influence, science is often not pursued correctly. In fact, one can argue that we still do not know what …