Sean D. Ray
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View article: N-glycosylation at the receptor binding site drives differences in receptor binding specificity between influenza B virus lineages
N-glycosylation at the receptor binding site drives differences in receptor binding specificity between influenza B virus lineages Open
Receptor specificity plays a critical role in influenza virus host tropism and pathogenesis. Influenza A and influenza B viruses (FLUAVs and FLUBVs, respectively) utilize N-glycans with terminal sialic acids on glycoproteins decorating the…
View article: Trained ILCs confer adaptive immunity-independent protection against influenza
Trained ILCs confer adaptive immunity-independent protection against influenza Open
Seasonal influenza causes 290,000–650,000 deaths annually, with vaccination efficacy ranging from 10 to 60%. The emergence of drug-resistant and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses underscores the urgent need for novel protective str…
View article: Recombinant quadrivalent influenza vaccine (RIV) induces robust cell-mediated and HA-specific B cell humoral immune responses among healthcare personnel
Recombinant quadrivalent influenza vaccine (RIV) induces robust cell-mediated and HA-specific B cell humoral immune responses among healthcare personnel Open
View article: Neuraminidase-specific antibodies drive differential cross-protection between contemporary FLUBV lineages
Neuraminidase-specific antibodies drive differential cross-protection between contemporary FLUBV lineages Open
The two influenza B virus (FLUBV) lineages have continuously diverged from each other since the 1980s, with recent (post-2015) viruses exhibiting accelerated evolutionary rates. Emerging data from human studies and epidemiological models s…
View article: Receptor Binding Specificity of a Bovine A(H5N1) Influenza Virus
Receptor Binding Specificity of a Bovine A(H5N1) Influenza Virus Open
Outbreaks in the US of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) in dairy cows have been occurring for months creating new possibilities for direct contact between the virus and humans. Eisfeld et al . examined the pathogenicity and t…
View article: The frequency and function of nucleoprotein-specific CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cells are critical for heterosubtypic immunity against influenza virus infection
The frequency and function of nucleoprotein-specific CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cells are critical for heterosubtypic immunity against influenza virus infection Open
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) mediate host defense against viral and intracellular bacterial infections and tumors. However, the magnitude of CTL response and their function needed to confer heterosubtypic immunity against influenza virus…
View article: Differential Cross-Protective Immunity is Elicited by Infection with Contemporary Influenza B Lineage Viruses
Differential Cross-Protective Immunity is Elicited by Infection with Contemporary Influenza B Lineage Viruses Open
Influenza B virus (FLUBV) significantly contributes to the influenza disease burden and has complicated vaccine development and efficacy, yet remains understudied compared to its counterpart, influenza A virus (FLUAV). Since its isolation …
View article: <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> coinfection results in increased disease in a murine model of influenza B virus infection
<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> coinfection results in increased disease in a murine model of influenza B virus infection Open
Secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) infection is commonly associated with increased hospitalization and death following seasonal influenza virus infection. The animal models of influenza A virus (IAV) and secondary Spn coinfection hav…
View article: Asymmetric Cross-Protection is Elicited by Distinct Influenza B Lineages
Asymmetric Cross-Protection is Elicited by Distinct Influenza B Lineages Open
The immune response to influenza B virus (IBV) infection is understudied compared to influenza A virus (IAV), despite IBV accounting for 20% of influenza-related hospitalizations annually. Influenza B was first isolated in the 1940s and su…