Sean D. Twiss
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View article: Milking it: repeated post-weaning suckling events in Galápagos Sea Lions <i>Zalophus Wollebaeki</i>
Milking it: repeated post-weaning suckling events in Galápagos Sea Lions <i>Zalophus Wollebaeki</i> Open
Milk is not cheap. Mammalian offspring are expected to wean during the early juvenile stages, whether through their own mechanisms or their mothers’ instigation. To not do so would result in a reproductive trade-off for the mother: continu…
View article: Domestication constrains the ability of dogs to convey emotions via facial expressions in comparison to their wolf ancestors
Domestication constrains the ability of dogs to convey emotions via facial expressions in comparison to their wolf ancestors Open
Dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) are the domestically bred descendant of wolves ( Canis lupus ). However, selective breeding has profoundly altered facial morphologies of dogs compared to their wolf ancestors. We demonstrate that these morp…
View article: Personality, density and habitat drive the dispersal of invasive crayfish
Personality, density and habitat drive the dispersal of invasive crayfish Open
There is increasing evidence that personality traits may drive dispersal patterns of animals, including invasive species. We investigated, using the widespread signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus as a model invasive species, whether e…
View article: The importance of direct and indirect trophic interactions in determining the presence of a locally rare day-flying moth
The importance of direct and indirect trophic interactions in determining the presence of a locally rare day-flying moth Open
Ecosystem engineers affect other organisms by creating, maintaining or modifying habitats, potentially supporting species of conservation concern. However, it is important to consider these interactions alongside non-engineering trophic pa…
View article: The Gray Seal: 80 Years of Insight into Intrinsic and Extrinsic Drivers of Phocid Behavior
The Gray Seal: 80 Years of Insight into Intrinsic and Extrinsic Drivers of Phocid Behavior Open
The gray seal is a data-rich species with behavioral studies dating back to the 1940s. The reasons for the wealth of knowledge are partly fortuitous; pioneering naturalists ventured forth to remote island colonies around the UK and Canada …
View article: An external telemetry system for recording resting heart rate variability and heart rate in free-ranging large wild mammals
An external telemetry system for recording resting heart rate variability and heart rate in free-ranging large wild mammals Open
Measures of heart rate variability (and heart rate more generally) are providing powerful insights into the physiological drivers of behaviour. Resting heart rate variability (HRV) can be used as an indicator of individual differences in t…
View article: Energetic limits: Defining the bounds and trade‐offs of successful energy management in a capital breeder
Energetic limits: Defining the bounds and trade‐offs of successful energy management in a capital breeder Open
Judicious management of energy can be invaluable for animal survival and reproductive success. Capital breeding mammals typically transfer energy to their young at extremely high rates while undergoing prolonged fasting, making lactation a…
View article: Reactive stress-coping styles show more variable reproductive expenditure and fitness outcomes
Reactive stress-coping styles show more variable reproductive expenditure and fitness outcomes Open
View article: Through the eyes of a wolf: Using non-invasive methods to quantify and classify the facial signalling of wolves (Canis lupus) and domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) [video]
Through the eyes of a wolf: Using non-invasive methods to quantify and classify the facial signalling of wolves (Canis lupus) and domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) [video] Open
The morphologies of wild animals typically evolved via natural selection as a result of environmental pressures leading to specific adaptations to cope with life-history challenges, such as foraging, mating and communication. However, many…
View article: Coping styles in capital breeders modulate behavioural trade-offs in time allocation: assessing fine-scale activity budgets in lactating grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) using accelerometry and heart rate variability
Coping styles in capital breeders modulate behavioural trade-offs in time allocation: assessing fine-scale activity budgets in lactating grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) using accelerometry and heart rate variability Open
View article: High oxytocin infants gain more mass with no additional maternal energetic costs in wild grey seals (Halichoerus grypus)
High oxytocin infants gain more mass with no additional maternal energetic costs in wild grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) Open
View article: As clear as day: nocturnal activity differs from diurnal activity in a temporally constrained capital breeder
As clear as day: nocturnal activity differs from diurnal activity in a temporally constrained capital breeder Open
Time-activity budgets are fundamental to behavioural studies, allowing examination of how individuals allocate their time, and potentially energy, and how these patterns vary spatially and temporally and in relation to habitat, individual …
View article: Flexibility, variability and constraint in energy management patterns across vertebrate taxa revealed by long‐term heart rate measurements
Flexibility, variability and constraint in energy management patterns across vertebrate taxa revealed by long‐term heart rate measurements Open
Animals are expected to be judicious in the use of the energy they gain due to the costs and limits associated with its intake. The management of energy expenditure ( EE ) exhibited by animals has previously been considered in terms of thr…
View article: Assessing the utility and limitations of accelerometers and machine learning approaches in classifying behaviour during lactation in a phocid seal
Assessing the utility and limitations of accelerometers and machine learning approaches in classifying behaviour during lactation in a phocid seal Open
View article: Intraseasonal temporal variation of reproductive effort for male grey seals
Intraseasonal temporal variation of reproductive effort for male grey seals Open
View article: Positive social behaviours are induced and retained after oxytocin manipulations mimicking endogenous concentrations in a wild mammal
Positive social behaviours are induced and retained after oxytocin manipulations mimicking endogenous concentrations in a wild mammal Open
The neuropeptide hormone oxytocin modulates numerous social and parental behaviours across a wide range of species, including humans. We conducted manipulation experiments on wild grey seals ( Halichoerus grypus ) to determine whether oxyt…
View article: Supplementary material from "Positive social behaviours are induced and retained after oxytocin manipulations mimicking endogenous concentrations in a wild mammal"
Supplementary material from "Positive social behaviours are induced and retained after oxytocin manipulations mimicking endogenous concentrations in a wild mammal" Open
The neuropeptide hormone oxytocin modulates numerous social and parental behaviours across a wide range of species, including humans. We conducted manipulation experiments on wild grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) to determine whether…
View article: Individual size, sex, and rearing environment impact on aggression in newly weaned seals
Individual size, sex, and rearing environment impact on aggression in newly weaned seals Open
Peer reviewed
View article: Maternal Oxytocin Is Linked to Close Mother-Infant Proximity in Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus)
Maternal Oxytocin Is Linked to Close Mother-Infant Proximity in Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) Open
Maternal behaviour is a crucial component of reproduction in all mammals; however the quality of care that mothers give to infants can vary greatly. It is vital to document variation in maternal behaviour caused by the physiological proces…
View article: The difference between night and day: The nocturnal and diurnal activity budget of gray seals (<i>Halichoerus grypus</i>) during the breeding season
The difference between night and day: The nocturnal and diurnal activity budget of gray seals (<i>Halichoerus grypus</i>) during the breeding season Open
Peer reviewed
View article: Variability in individual rates of aggression in wild gray seals: fine-scale analysis reveals importance of social and spatial stability
Variability in individual rates of aggression in wild gray seals: fine-scale analysis reveals importance of social and spatial stability Open
Aggressive interactions are costly for individuals in time, energy, or physical damage, and in polygynous mating systems, there is high variability in the rates and intensity of aggression across individuals and within breeding seasons. Ho…
View article: Conspecific recognition and aggression reduction to familiars in newly weaned, socially plastic mammals
Conspecific recognition and aggression reduction to familiars in newly weaned, socially plastic mammals Open
Recognising conspecifics and behaving appropriately towards them is a crucial ability for many species. Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) show varying capabilities in this regard: mother-pup recognition has been demonstrated in some g…
View article: Breeding male grey seals exhibit similar activity budgets across varying exposures to human activity
Breeding male grey seals exhibit similar activity budgets across varying exposures to human activity Open
Human-wildlife interactions can be incidental or direct through activities such as wildlife tourism. In the presence of anthropogenic activities, some animals exhibit behavioural alterations such as increased vigilance or spatial displacem…