Stephen T. Chambers
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View article: Geographics and bacterial networks differently shape the acquired and latent global sewage resistomes
Geographics and bacterial networks differently shape the acquired and latent global sewage resistomes Open
Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) have rapidly emerged and spread globally, but the pathways driving their spread remain poorly understood. We analyzed 1240 sewage samples from 351 cities across 111 countries, comparing ARGs known to b…
View article: Effect of Netarsudil 0.02% on a Patient with Fuchs Corneal Dystrophy and Radial Keratotomy
Effect of Netarsudil 0.02% on a Patient with Fuchs Corneal Dystrophy and Radial Keratotomy Open
This study reports an unusual case of dramatic change in visual acuity, pachymetry, and corneal topography in a patient with a history of Fuchs dystrophy and radial keratotomy following the use of Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitor. A patient wit…
View article: Clustering of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised adults in the Christchurch Region: association with socio-economic deprivation
Clustering of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised adults in the Christchurch Region: association with socio-economic deprivation Open
aim: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is inequitably experienced in populations globally, with multiple social and environmental factors contributing to the risk of CAP; thus, predicting communities at increased risk is difficult. The ai…
View article: PAIN IN CUTANEOUS LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS CATEGORIES & SUBTYPES
PAIN IN CUTANEOUS LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS CATEGORIES & SUBTYPES Open
PV060 / #81 Poster Topic: AS07 - Cutaneous Lupus Background/Purpose Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease encompassing a broad range of dermatologic manifestations. CLE findings may be divided int…
View article: Modern therapy of patients with lupus erythematosus must include appropriate management of their heightened rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events: a literature update
Modern therapy of patients with lupus erythematosus must include appropriate management of their heightened rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events: a literature update Open
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the biggest killer of patients with lupus erythematosus (LE) and the general non-autoimmune population. In this literature update on LE and ASCVD, we focused on published work since ou…
View article: A retrospective observational cohort study of oral azithromycin treatment for Legionnaires’ disease
A retrospective observational cohort study of oral azithromycin treatment for Legionnaires’ disease Open
Background Legionnaires’ disease (LD) is typically treated with macrolides, including the azalide azithromycin, or quinolones. In 2013, guidelines for empirical treatment of community-acquired pneumonia at Christchurch Hospital, New Zealan…
View article: A Review of the Efficacy, Safety, and Feasibility of Rifamycin-Based Post-Exposure Chemoprophylaxis for Leprosy
A Review of the Efficacy, Safety, and Feasibility of Rifamycin-Based Post-Exposure Chemoprophylaxis for Leprosy Open
In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended scaling up leprosy prevention activities, including chemoprophylaxis, as one of the pillars of their ‘Towards Zero Leprosy’ strategy. This recommendation was primarily based on a 57%…
View article: Gut Microbiota and Liver Dysfunction in Sepsis: The Role of Inflammatory Mediators and Therapeutic Approaches
Gut Microbiota and Liver Dysfunction in Sepsis: The Role of Inflammatory Mediators and Therapeutic Approaches Open
Sepsis is a life-threatening complication caused by an uncontrolled immune response to infection that can lead to multi-organ dysfunction, including liver injury. Recent research has shown the critical role of gut microbiota in sepsis path…
View article: Novel Monoclonal Antibodies 1D2 and 4E4 Against Aspergillus Glycoprotein Antigens Detect Early Invasive Aspergillosis in Mice
Novel Monoclonal Antibodies 1D2 and 4E4 Against Aspergillus Glycoprotein Antigens Detect Early Invasive Aspergillosis in Mice Open
Due to the high morbidity and mortality rates of invasive aspergillosis (IA) and the importance of early IA detection for successful treatment and subsequent outcome, this study aimed to determine a time course of detectable antigen in a m…
View article: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Patients With Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Analysis of Demographics, Comorbidities and Healthcare Outcomes
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Patients With Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Analysis of Demographics, Comorbidities and Healthcare Outcomes Open
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is the most common neurocutaneous disorder in the United States. Due to a nonfunctional mutation in the NF1 gene, the disorder may initially present with café‐au‐lait spots and later numerous neurofibromas ac…
View article: The inhibitory effect of copper, zinc, and manganese on <i>Legionella longbeachae</i> in potting mix leachate
The inhibitory effect of copper, zinc, and manganese on <i>Legionella longbeachae</i> in potting mix leachate Open
Legionella longbeachae is the leading cause of Legionnaires’ disease (LD) in Australasia and has been linked to exposure to compost and potting soils. Adding antimicrobial metal ions such as copper (Cu2+), zinc (Zn2+), and manganese (Mn2+)…
View article: Substance P Promotes Leukocyte Infiltration in the Liver and Lungs of Mice with Sepsis: A Key Role for Adhesion Molecules on Vascular Endothelial Cells
Substance P Promotes Leukocyte Infiltration in the Liver and Lungs of Mice with Sepsis: A Key Role for Adhesion Molecules on Vascular Endothelial Cells Open
Substance P (SP), encoded by the Tac1 gene, has been shown to promote leukocyte infiltration and organ impairment in mice with sepsis. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) is the major receptor that mediates the detrimental impact of SP on sepsis.…
View article: Single-Dose Rifampicin Leprosy Chemoprophylaxis for Household Contacts in Kiribati: An Audit of a Combined Retrospective and Prospective Approach
Single-Dose Rifampicin Leprosy Chemoprophylaxis for Household Contacts in Kiribati: An Audit of a Combined Retrospective and Prospective Approach Open
Kiribati is a Pacific Island nation with a widely dispersed population and one of the highest rates of leprosy worldwide. Single-dose rifampicin post-exposure prophylaxis (SDR-PEP) of leprosy contacts has reduced new case detection rates i…
View article: Suppressing the Substance P-NK1R Signalling Protects Mice against Sepsis-Associated Acute Inflammatory Injury and Ferroptosis in the Liver and Lungs
Suppressing the Substance P-NK1R Signalling Protects Mice against Sepsis-Associated Acute Inflammatory Injury and Ferroptosis in the Liver and Lungs Open
Substance P (SP), encoded by the TAC1/Tac1 gene, acts as a significant mediator in dysregulated systemic inflammatory response and associated organ injury in sepsis by activating the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). This study investigated th…
View article: SunGold Kiwifruit Consumption Restores Adequate to Optimal Vitamin C Status in People with a History of Severe Respiratory Infections
SunGold Kiwifruit Consumption Restores Adequate to Optimal Vitamin C Status in People with a History of Severe Respiratory Infections Open
Severe respiratory infections are characterised by depleted vitamin C and elevated inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to recruit people with a history of severe respiratory infections to undergo a six-week interve…
View article: Kupffer Cell Inactivation Alters Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecules in Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Sepsis
Kupffer Cell Inactivation Alters Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecules in Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Sepsis Open
The activation of Kupffer cells, resident macrophages in the liver, is closely associated with the inflammatory response during sepsis, which leads to multiple-organ failure. However, how Kupffer cell activation affects adhesion molecules …
View article: Single-Dose Rifampicin Leprosy Chemoprophylaxis for Household Contacts in Kiribati: An Audit of a Combined Retrospective and Prospective Approach
Single-Dose Rifampicin Leprosy Chemoprophylaxis for Household Contacts in Kiribati: An Audit of a Combined Retrospective and Prospective Approach Open
Kiribati is a Pacific Island nation with a widely dispersed population and one of the highest rates of leprosy worldwide. Single dose rifampicin post exposure prophylaxis (SDR-PEP) of leprosy contacts has reduced new case detection rates i…
View article: Pharmacological Inhibition and Genetic Deletion of Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase in Mice Protects against Organ Injury in Sepsis: A Key Role of Adhesion Molecules on Endothelial Cells
Pharmacological Inhibition and Genetic Deletion of Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase in Mice Protects against Organ Injury in Sepsis: A Key Role of Adhesion Molecules on Endothelial Cells Open
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), synthesized by cystathionine gamma-lyase (Cth), contributes to the inflammatory response observed in sepsis. This study examines the effect of Cth-derived H2S in adhesion molecules on endothelial cells of vital orga…
View article: Low Vitamin C Concentrations in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Resolved with Pragmatic Administration of Intravenous and Oral Vitamin C
Low Vitamin C Concentrations in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Resolved with Pragmatic Administration of Intravenous and Oral Vitamin C Open
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is characterized by elevated markers of inflammation and oxidative stress and depleted circulating concentrations of the antioxidant nutrient vitamin C. A feasibility trial of intravenous and oral vitamin…
View article: Adjunctive intravenous then oral vitamin C for moderate and severe community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults: feasibility of randomized controlled trial
Adjunctive intravenous then oral vitamin C for moderate and severe community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults: feasibility of randomized controlled trial Open
Patients hospitalised with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) have low peripheral blood vitamin C concentrations and limited antioxidant capacity. The feasibility of a trial of vitamin C supplementation to improve patient outcomes was asse…
View article: The inhibitory effect of copper, zinc, and manganese on <i>Legionella longbeachae</i> and other <i>Legionella</i> spp. <i>in vitro</i>
The inhibitory effect of copper, zinc, and manganese on <i>Legionella longbeachae</i> and other <i>Legionella</i> spp. <i>in vitro</i> Open
Legionella longbeachae is an important cause of Legionnaires’ disease in Australasia and is associated with exposure to potting soils. Our aim was to identify ways to reduce the load of L. longbeachae in potting soils. Inductively-coupled …
View article: Safety and clinical outcomes of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy for infective endocarditis in Christchurch, New Zealand: A retrospective cohort study
Safety and clinical outcomes of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy for infective endocarditis in Christchurch, New Zealand: A retrospective cohort study Open
OPAT can be used safely in patients with IE, even in selected cases with complicated or difficult-to-treat infections.
View article: Effectiveness of population-wide screening and mass drug administration for leprosy control in Kiribati: the COMBINE protocol
Effectiveness of population-wide screening and mass drug administration for leprosy control in Kiribati: the COMBINE protocol Open
Introduction Progress towards leprosy elimination is threatened by increasing incidence in ‘hot-spot’ areas where more effective control strategies are urgently required. In these areas, active case finding and leprosy prevention limited t…
View article: Supplementation with Oral Vitamin C Prior to and during Myeloablative Chemotherapy and Autologous Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Pilot Study
Supplementation with Oral Vitamin C Prior to and during Myeloablative Chemotherapy and Autologous Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Pilot Study Open
Chemotherapy-related side effects are common in patients undergoing myeloablative chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Some, such as oral mucositis, are believed to be due to enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation…