Shankar Balasubramanian
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View article: Exponential Speedups for Quantum Walks in Random Hierarchical Graphs
Exponential Speedups for Quantum Walks in Random Hierarchical Graphs Open
There are few known exponential speedups for quantum algorithms and these tend to fall into even fewer families. One speedup that has mostly resisted generalization is the use of quantum walks to traverse the welded-tree graph, due to Chil…
View article: SCoTCH-seq reveals that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine encodes regulatory information across DNA strands
SCoTCH-seq reveals that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine encodes regulatory information across DNA strands Open
In mammalian genomes, cytosine modifications form a layer of regulatory information alongside the genetic code. Decoding this information is crucial to our understanding of biology and disease. Established sequencing methods cannot simulta…
View article: Signal-First Architectures: Rethinking Front-End Reactivity
Signal-First Architectures: Rethinking Front-End Reactivity Open
Modern front-end frameworks face escalating reactivity management challenges, including performance degradation from complex observable chains and unpredictable re-renders. This paper introduces Signal-First Architecture--a novel paradigm …
View article: DNA G-quadruplex structures act as functional elements in α- and β-globin enhancers
DNA G-quadruplex structures act as functional elements in α- and β-globin enhancers Open
Background Enhancer elements interact with target genes at a distance to modulate their expression, but the molecular details of enhancer–promoter interaction are incompletely understood. G-quadruplex DNA secondary structures (G4s) have re…
View article: Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study Open
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL), impacting physical and mental well-being. This study aimed to identify the key determinants influencing HRQoL among patients with CKD. M…
View article: Exact Quantum Algorithms for Quantum Phase Recognition: Renormalization Group and Error Correction
Exact Quantum Algorithms for Quantum Phase Recognition: Renormalization Group and Error Correction Open
We explore the relationship between renormalization-group (RG) flow and error correction by constructing quantum algorithms that exactly recognize one-dimensional symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases protected by finite internal Abe…
View article: Exponentially slow thermalization in 1D fragmented dynamics
Exponentially slow thermalization in 1D fragmented dynamics Open
We investigate the thermalization dynamics of 1D systems with local constraints coupled to an infinite temperature bath at one boundary. The coupling to the bath eventually erases the effects of the constraints, causing the system to tend …
View article: Consortium Author List from Cancer Research in the Age of Spatial Omics: Lessons from IMAXT
Consortium Author List from Cancer Research in the Age of Spatial Omics: Lessons from IMAXT Open
IMAXT Consortium Author List
View article: Data from Cancer Research in the Age of Spatial Omics: Lessons from IMAXT
Data from Cancer Research in the Age of Spatial Omics: Lessons from IMAXT Open
Summary:The Imaging and Molecular Annotation of Xenografts and Tumors Cancer Grand Challenges team was set up with the objective of developing the “next generation” of pathology and cancer research by using a combination of single-cell and…
View article: Consortium Author List from Cancer Research in the Age of Spatial Omics: Lessons from IMAXT
Consortium Author List from Cancer Research in the Age of Spatial Omics: Lessons from IMAXT Open
IMAXT Consortium Author List
View article: KLF5 loss sensitizes cells to ATR inhibition and is synthetic lethal with ARID1A deficiency
KLF5 loss sensitizes cells to ATR inhibition and is synthetic lethal with ARID1A deficiency Open
ATR plays key roles in cellular responses to DNA damage and replication stress, a pervasive feature of cancer cells. ATR inhibitors (ATRi) are in clinical development for treating various cancers, including those with high replication stre…
View article: A local automaton for the 2D toric code
A local automaton for the 2D toric code Open
We construct a local decoder for the 2D toric code using ideas from the hierarchical classical cellular automata of Tsirelson and Gács. Our decoder is a circuit of strictly local quantum operations preserving a logical state for exponentia…
View article: Autopsy-Based Cross-Sectional Observational Study On Carotid Artery Injury In Non-Penetrative Neck Trauma
Autopsy-Based Cross-Sectional Observational Study On Carotid Artery Injury In Non-Penetrative Neck Trauma Open
Background: Non-penetrative neck trauma poses a significant risk of carotid artery injury, which can lead to severe consequences. Diagnosis of carotid artery injury in non-penetrative trauma remains challenging due to delayed clinical pres…
View article: 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine are synergistic biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer
5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine are synergistic biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer Open
Early cancer detection has the potential to significantly improve treatment outcomes and survival rates. This study investigates the roles of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) as biomarkers for early-stage colorecta…
View article: Selective Photocatalytic C−H Oxidation of 5‐Methylcytosine in DNA
Selective Photocatalytic C−H Oxidation of 5‐Methylcytosine in DNA Open
Selective C−H activation on complex biological macromolecules is a key goal in the field of organic chemistry. It requires thermodynamically challenging chemical transformations to be delivered under mild, aqueous conditions. 5‐Methylcytos…
View article: Selective Photocatalytic C−H Oxidation of 5‐Methylcytosine in DNA
Selective Photocatalytic C−H Oxidation of 5‐Methylcytosine in DNA Open
Selective C−H activation on complex biological macromolecules is a key goal in the field of organic chemistry. It requires thermodynamically challenging chemical transformations to be delivered under mild, aqueous conditions. 5‐Methylcytos…
View article: Improved simultaneous mapping of epigenetic features and 3D chromatin structure via ViCAR
Improved simultaneous mapping of epigenetic features and 3D chromatin structure via ViCAR Open
Methods to measure chromatin contacts at genomic regions bound by histone modifications or proteins are important tools to investigate chromatin organization. However, such methods do not capture the possible involvement of other epigenomi…
View article: Quantum computation from dynamic automorphism codes
Quantum computation from dynamic automorphism codes Open
We propose a new model of quantum computation comprised of low-weight measurement sequences that simultaneously encode logical information, enable error correction, and apply logical gates. These measurement sequences constitute a new clas…
View article: Glassy Word Problems: Ultraslow Relaxation, Hilbert Space Jamming, and Computational Complexity
Glassy Word Problems: Ultraslow Relaxation, Hilbert Space Jamming, and Computational Complexity Open
We introduce a family of local models of dynamics based on “word problems” from computer science and group theory, for which we can place rigorous lower bounds on relaxation timescales. These models can be regarded either as random circuit…
View article: Spatially tuneable multi-omics sequencing using light-driven combinatorial barcoding of molecules in tissues
Spatially tuneable multi-omics sequencing using light-driven combinatorial barcoding of molecules in tissues Open
Mapping the molecular identities and functions of cells within their spatial context is key to understanding the complex interplay within and between tissue neighbourhoods. A wide range of methods have recently enabled spatial profiling of…
View article: Transcription-coupled repair of DNA–protein cross-links depends on CSA and CSB
Transcription-coupled repair of DNA–protein cross-links depends on CSA and CSB Open
Covalent DNA–protein cross-links (DPCs) are toxic DNA lesions that block replication and require repair by multiple pathways. Whether transcription blockage contributes to the toxicity of DPCs and how cells respond when RNA polymerases sta…
View article: An Upstream G-Quadruplex DNA Structure Can Stimulate Gene Transcription
An Upstream G-Quadruplex DNA Structure Can Stimulate Gene Transcription Open
Four-stranded G-quadruplexes (G4s) are DNA secondary structures that can form in the human genome. G4 structures have been detected in gene promoters and are associated with transcriptionally active chromatin and the recruitment of transcr…
View article: G-quadruplex DNA structure is a positive regulator of <i>MYC</i> transcription
G-quadruplex DNA structure is a positive regulator of <i>MYC</i> transcription Open
DNA structure can regulate genome function. Four-stranded DNA G-quadruplex (G4) structures have been implicated in transcriptional regulation; however, previous studies have not directly addressed the role of an individual G4 within its en…
View article: Estimation of Pattern of Skull Fractures in Homicidal Deaths: An Autopsy Based Cross Sectional Study Conducted in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Estimation of Pattern of Skull Fractures in Homicidal Deaths: An Autopsy Based Cross Sectional Study Conducted in a Tertiary Care Hospital Open
The head is the most vital part of the body among various organs as the injury to the head will result in fataloutcomes compared to injuries sustained to other parts of the body. There has been an increased global incidence of head injurie…
View article: Developing Seamless Cross-Platform User Experiences for Sports Applications
Developing Seamless Cross-Platform User Experiences for Sports Applications Open
The advancement of sports industry has resulted in an increased demand for seamless, interactive, and real-time experiences that are accessible across multiple devices. To meet these expectations, the development of cross-functional sports…
View article: Glassy word problems: ultraslow relaxation, Hilbert space jamming, and computational complexity
Glassy word problems: ultraslow relaxation, Hilbert space jamming, and computational complexity Open
We introduce a family of local models of dynamics based on ``word problems'' from computer science and group theory, for which we can place rigorous lower bounds on relaxation timescales. These models can be regarded either as random circu…
View article: G-quadruplex is critical to epigenetic activation of the lncRNA HOTAIR in cancer cells
G-quadruplex is critical to epigenetic activation of the lncRNA HOTAIR in cancer cells Open
The cancer-promoting lncRNA HOTAIR has multiple isoforms. Which isoform of HOTAIR accounts for its expression and functions in cancer is unknown. Unlike HOTAIR's canonical intergenic isoform NR_003716 (HOTAIR-C), the novel isoform NR_04751…