Explanipedia

Submit to Pearls From the Pros Open

David A. Katzka, Vinod K. Rustgi, Shanthi Srinivasan · 2025

Immune-Competent 3D Bioengineered Colons for Functional Interrogation of Neuroinflammation-Induced Colonic Dysmotility Open

Claudia A. Collier, Aelita Salikhova, S.R. Rengarajan, Anvitha Tharakesh, Shanthi Srinivasan , et al. · 2025

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) affect ∼40% of the global population and are frequently characterized by colonic dysmotility. Symptomatic manifestations of colonic dysmotility significantly reduce quality of life in inflammat…

Diet-microbiome-ENS connection: impact of the cafeteria diet Open

Arun Balasubramaniam, Shanthi Srinivasan · 2025

The interplay between diet-induced obesity and gastrointestinal dysfunction is an evolving area of research with far-reaching implications for understanding the gut-brain axis interactions. In their study, Ramírez-Maldonado et al. employ a…

Microbiota-dependent Formylated Peptide Receptor (Fpr1/2) Signaling Regulates Enteric Nervous System Development and Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice Open

Bindu Chandrasekharan, Huixia Wu, Charlie Smoller, Ji-Young Kim, Alexandra A. Wolfarth , et al. · 2025

Diet-microbiome interactions promote enteric nervous system resilience following spinal cord injury Open

Adam M. Hamilton, Lisa Blackmer‐Raynolds, Yaqing Li, Sean D. Kelly, Nardos Kebede , et al. · 2024

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in numerous systemic dysfunctions, including intestinal dysmotility and enteric nervous system (ENS) atrophy. The ENS has capacity to recover following perturbation, yet intestinal pathologies persist. With…

Molecular mechanisms of enteric neuropathies in high‐fat diet feeding and diabetes Open

Francesca Cingolani, Arun Balasubramaniam, Shanthi Srinivasan · 2024

Background Obesity and diabetes are associated with altered gastrointestinal function and with the development of abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and constipation among other symptoms. The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates gastroint…

Modulation of Ceramide-Induced Apoptosis in Enteric Neurons by Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling: Unveiling a New Pathway beyond ER Stress Open

Anitha Vijay, Supriya M. Kumar, Imhoi Koo, Gary H. Perdew, Shanthi Srinivasan , et al. · 2024

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a persistent organic pollutant and a potent aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand, causes delayed intestinal motility and affects the survival of enteric neurons. In this study, we investigated …

Monocytes Mobilized by Gut Neurons Remodel the Enteric Nervous System Open

Sravya Kurapati, Changsik Shin, Krisztina Szabo, Yu Liu, Azree Zaffran Ashraf , et al. · 2024

The proper organization of the enteric nervous system (ENS) is critical for normal gastrointestinal (GI) physiology. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) dysregulates GI physiology, including bowel movements (motility), but in many IBD patient…

Diet-microbiome interactions promote enteric nervous system resilience following spinal cord injury Open

Adam M. Hamilton, Lisa Blackmer‐Raynolds, Yaqing Li, Sean D. Kelly, Nardos Kebede , et al. · 2024

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a plethora of physiological dysfunctions across all body systems, including intestinal dysmotility and atrophy of the enteric nervous system (ENS). Typically, the ENS has capacity to recover from perturb…

Ex vivo gene editing and cell therapy for hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 Open

Ilayda Ates, Callie Stuart, Tanner Rathbone, Mercedes Barzi, Gordon He , et al. · 2024

Background: We previously demonstrated the successful use of in vivo CRISPR gene editing to delete 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase ( HPD ) to rescue mice deficient in fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH), a disorder known as hereditary …

Climate Change and Digestive Health Open

Desmond Leddin, Vinod K. Rustgi, Shanthi Srinivasan · 2024

announce the launch of another new special section -"The Impact of Climate Change on Digestive Health".Climate change, and the allied challenges of pollution and biodiversity loss, is well underway and predicted to continue.The health effe…

Targeting PKC alleviates iron overload in diabetes and hemochromatosis Open

Somesh Banerjee, Shaolei Lu, Anand Jain, Irène Wang, Hui Tao , et al. · 2023

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Iron overload increases the incidence of diabetes and aggravates diabetic complications that cause mortality. Reciprocally, diabetes potentially promotes body iron loading, …

Differences in hepatocellular iron metabolism underlie sexual dimorphism in hepatocyte ferroptosis Open

Hui Tao, Hamid Y. Dar, Cheng Tian, Somesh Banerjee, Evan S. Glazer , et al. · 2023

Microbiome differences related to metformin intolerance among Black individuals with diabetes, a pilot cross-sectional study Open

Maya Fayfman, Andrew T. Gewirtz, Clara Delaroque, Gerardo Blanco, Seid Gibanica , et al. · 2023

This was the first study to evaluate the role of microbiota and metformin intolerance among Black individuals. We report on differences in alpha diversity as well as microbiota composition.

EX VIVO GENE EDITING AND CELL THERAPY FOR HEREDITARY TYROSINEMIA TYPE 1 Open

Ilayda Ates, Tanner Rathbone, Callie Stuart, Mercedes Barzi, Gordon He , et al. · 2023

Background & Aims We previously demonstrated the successful use of in vivo CRISPR gene editing to delete 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase ( HPD ) to rescue mice deficient in fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH), a disorder known as hered…

Treatment of Obesity Through Glial Cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Lipid Nanoparticle Delivery in Mice Open

Chunhua Yang, Simon M. Mwangi, Arun Balasubramaniam, Ge Li, Olivier Merlin-Zhang , et al. · 2023

GDNF(pDNA)-loaded LNPs could potentially be developed as a therapeutic strategy to reverse weight gain in obese patients.

Inhibition of protein kinase C-α and activation of ezrin by Lactobacillus acidophilus restore Na+/H+ exchange activity and fluid absorption in db/db mice Open

Yiran Han, Shanthi Srinivasan, C. Chris Yun · 2023

We used mouse models of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and human patient-derived samples to show that Na + /H + exchanger 3 (NHE3) expression is decreased in T2D. We show that protein kinase C-α (PKCα) is activated in diabetes and inhibition of PKC…

Differences in Hepatocellular Iron Metabolism Underlie Sexual Dimorphism in Hepatocyte Ferroptosis Open

Hui Tao, Hamid Y. Dar, Cheng Tian, Somesh Banerjee, Evan S. Glazer , et al. · 2023

Males show higher incidence and severity than females in hepatic injury and many liver diseases, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Ferroptosis, an iron-mediated lipid peroxidation-dependent death, plays an important role in the p…

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation affects nitrergic neuronal survival and delays intestinal motility in mice Open

Anitha Vijay, Nina R. Boyle, Supriya M. Kumar, Gary H. Perdew, Shanthi Srinivasan , et al. · 2023

Despite progress describing the effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the central nervous system, the effect of POPs on enteric nervous system (ENS) function remains underexplored. We studied the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro…

SARS-CoV-2 Induces Epithelial-Enteric Neuronal Crosstalk Stimulating VIP Release Open

Arun Balasubramaniam, Philip R. Tedbury, Simon M. Mwangi, Yunshan Liu, Ge Li , et al. · 2023

Background: Diarrhea is present in up to 30–50% of patients with COVID-19. The mechanism of SARS-CoV-2-induced diarrhea remains unclear. We hypothesized that enterocyte–enteric neuron interactions were important in SARS-CoV-2-induced diarr…

Defective neurite elongation and branching in Nibp/Trappc9 deficient zebrafish and mice Open

Min Hu, Brittany Bodnar, Yonggang Zhang, Fangxin Xie, Fang Li , et al. · 2023

Loss of function in transport protein particles (TRAPP) links a new set of emerging genetic disorders called "TRAPPopathies". One such disorder is NIBP syndrome, characterized by microcephaly and intellectual disability, and caused by muta…

Pearls From the Pros Open

David A. Katzka, Vinod K. Rustgi, Shanthi Srinivasan · 2023

SIRT3 activation promotes enteric neurons survival and differentiation Open

Arun Balasubramaniam, Ge Li, Anita Ramanathan, Simon M. Mwangi, C. Michael Hart , et al. · 2022

Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor prevents western diet and palmitate-induced hepatocyte oxidative damage and death through SIRT3 Open

Simon M. Mwangi, Ge Li, Arun Balasubramaniam, Didier Merlin, Paul A. Dawson , et al. · 2022

Integrated regulation of stress responses, autophagy and survival by altered intracellular iron stores Open

Yunyang Wang, Mo Wang, Yunshan Liu, Hui Tao, Somesh Banerjee , et al. · 2022

Sa1273: ENTERIC NEURONAL VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE MEDIATES SARS-COV-2 ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA Open

Arun Balasubramaniam, Philip R. Tedbury, Adam D. Gracz, Simon M. Mwangi, Ge Li , et al. · 2022

Nrf2 attenuates hyperglycemia-induced nNOS impairment in adult mouse primary enteric neuronal crest cells and normalizes stomach function Open

Chethan Sampath, Abhinav V. Raju, Michael L. Freeman, Shanthi Srinivasan, Pandu R. Gangula · 2022

Primary neuronal cell crust (pENCs) in the intestine habitats nNOS and Nrf2, which was suppressed in diabetic gastroparesis. Activation of Nrf2 restored nNOS by suppressing inflammatory markers in pENCs cells. Inhibition of Nrf2 reveals a …

An Innovative Forum for Gastroenterology and Hepatology Issues Open

Vinod K. Rustgi, Shanthi Srinivasan, Deborah C. Rubin, Ravinder K. Mittal, Maximilian Reichert , et al. · 2022

Dysbiosis Associated With Esophageal Adenocarcinoma—A Novel Method to Detect Tissue-Associated Microbiome Open

Arun Balasubramaniam, Shanthi Srinivasan · 2022

Esophageal cancer (EC) is the eighth most common cancer diagnosed globally and one of the primary drivers of cancer-related deaths.1Ferlay J. Soerjomataram I. Dikshit R. et al.Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and …

Applying growth hormone as an adjuvant to correct poor prognosis outcomes in IVF: Study 2 compares dehydroepiandrosterone Open

John L. Yovich, Shanthi Srinivasan, Mark Sillender, Shipra Gaur, Philip Rowlands , et al. · 2021

This retrospective study examines the influence of recombinant growth hormone (rGH) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) adjuvants on oocyte numbers, embryo utilization and live births arising from 3637 autologous IVF±ICSI treatment cycles un…

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