Huasheng Xie
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View article: A robust method for calculating plasma waves absorption in magnetized plasmas and its implementation in the BORAY ray-tracing code
A robust method for calculating plasma waves absorption in magnetized plasmas and its implementation in the BORAY ray-tracing code Open
This paper presents a robust numerical method for calculating the total absorption rate of electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasmas, capable of determining the absorption ratio among different plasma components. The method adopts Ronnma…
View article: Beam transmission design for a 120 keV and 15 MW neutral beam injection system for burning plasma tokamak
Beam transmission design for a 120 keV and 15 MW neutral beam injection system for burning plasma tokamak Open
For tokamak devices, neutral beam injection (NBI) remains an important method for heating and current drive. In this paper, the beam transmission model based on positive ion source neutral beam injector (P-NBI) is constructed using the Mon…
View article: Development of HTS magnet for ENN's proton-boron spherical torus
Development of HTS magnet for ENN's proton-boron spherical torus Open
View article: Bremsstrahlung radiation power in non-Maxwellian plasmas
Bremsstrahlung radiation power in non-Maxwellian plasmas Open
In plasmas, bremsstrahlung includes electron–ion (e–i) bremsstrahlung and electron–electron (e–e) bremsstrahlung. Bremsstrahlung radiation power loss is one of the most significant losses in fusion plasmas, which is more pronounced in high…
View article: Association between Weaning Stress and Rumen Microbiota in Goat Kids: Evidence from Granger Causality and Randomized Controlled Trial Validation
Association between Weaning Stress and Rumen Microbiota in Goat Kids: Evidence from Granger Causality and Randomized Controlled Trial Validation Open
These findings provide evidence for the association between rumen microbiota and weaning stress, demonstrating that manipulating rumen microbiota is an effective strategy for alleviating weaning stress in goat kids.
View article: Generation of Sunward Ion Cyclotron Waves and the Nature of Right-handed Polarized Ion-scale Waves in the Near-Sun Solar Wind
Generation of Sunward Ion Cyclotron Waves and the Nature of Right-handed Polarized Ion-scale Waves in the Near-Sun Solar Wind Open
Observations from the Parker Solar Probe have revealed the ubiquitous presence of right-handed polarized waves in the near-Sun solar wind. While antisunward fast-magnetosonic whistler waves have been commonly considered as their source, su…
View article: Design of special deflection magnet for 120 keV neutral beam injection system
Design of special deflection magnet for 120 keV neutral beam injection system Open
View article: Developing a linear fluid plasma model with accurate kinetic Bernstein waves: A first step
Developing a linear fluid plasma model with accurate kinetic Bernstein waves: A first step Open
Kinetic models provide highly accurate descriptions of plasma waves but involve complex integrals that are computationally expensive to solve. To facilitate a fluid-like treatment of the system, we propose rational approximations for both …
View article: Overview of EXL-50 research progress
Overview of EXL-50 research progress Open
XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) is the first medium-size spherical torus (ST) in China. The engineering design and construction of EXL-50 began in October 2018, and the first plasma discharge was obtained in July 2019. The TF of EXL-50 is around 0.5T…
View article: Efficient framework for solving plasma waves with arbitrary distributions
Efficient framework for solving plasma waves with arbitrary distributions Open
Plasma, which constitutes more than 99% of the visible matter in the universe, is characterized by a wide range of waves and instabilities that play a pivotal role in space physics, astrophysics, laser-plasma interactions, fusion research,…
View article: Response to “Comment on ‘ENN's roadmap for proton-boron fusion based on spherical torus’ by Vovkivsky and Chirkov” [Phys. Plasmas <b>32</b>, 064701 (2025)]
Response to “Comment on ‘ENN's roadmap for proton-boron fusion based on spherical torus’ by Vovkivsky and Chirkov” [Phys. Plasmas <b>32</b>, 064701 (2025)] Open
View article: Bremsstrahlung radiation power in non-Maxwellian plasmas
Bremsstrahlung radiation power in non-Maxwellian plasmas Open
In plasmas, bremsstrahlung includes electron-ion (e-i) bremsstrahlung and electron-electron (e-e) bremsstrahlung. Bremsstrahlung radiation power loss is one of the most significant losses in fusion plasmas, which is more pronounced in high…
View article: Developing a Linear Fluid Plasma Model with Accurate Kinetic Bernstein Waves: A First Step
Developing a Linear Fluid Plasma Model with Accurate Kinetic Bernstein Waves: A First Step Open
Kinetic models provide highly accurate descriptions of plasma waves but involve complex integrals that are computationally expensive to solve. To facilitate a fluid-like treatment of the system, we propose rational approximations for both …
View article: Overview of EXL-50 Research Progress and Future Plan
Overview of EXL-50 Research Progress and Future Plan Open
XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) is the first medium-size spherical torus (ST) in China, with the toroidal field at major radius at 50 cm around 0.5T. CS-free and non-inductive current drive via electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was the main…
View article: Preliminary considerations and challenges of proton-boron fusion energy extraction on the EHL-2 spherical torus
Preliminary considerations and challenges of proton-boron fusion energy extraction on the EHL-2 spherical torus Open
EHL-2 spherical torus (ST) is one of the key steps of p- 11 B (proton-boron or hydrogen-boron) fusion energy research in ENN. The fusion produced energy is carried mainly by alpha particles of average energy 3 MeV, which ideally can be con…
View article: Gyrokinetic analysis of core turbulent transport in high-β scenarios in the EHL-2 spherical torus
Gyrokinetic analysis of core turbulent transport in high-β scenarios in the EHL-2 spherical torus Open
ENN is dedicated to exploring the commercialization of fusion energy by utilizing the EHL-2 spherical device as a next-generation platform. This research focuses on evaluating turbulent transport in the core ion transport barrier region of…
View article: Characterization of Vacuum Distribution of Neutral Beam Injector and Experimental Verification
Characterization of Vacuum Distribution of Neutral Beam Injector and Experimental Verification Open
View article: Introduction to Fusion Ignition Principles: Zeroth Order Factors of Fusion Energy Research
Introduction to Fusion Ignition Principles: Zeroth Order Factors of Fusion Energy Research Open
The physical goal of fusion energy research is to confine fusion fuel in a certain way so that the energy released from fusion exceeds the energy consumed to sustain the fusion process, thereby achieving economically viable energy producti…
View article: Response to “Comment on ‘ENN’s roadmap for proton-boron fusion based on spherical torus'” [Phys. Plasmas <b>31</b>, 062507 (2024)]
Response to “Comment on ‘ENN’s roadmap for proton-boron fusion based on spherical torus'” [Phys. Plasmas <b>31</b>, 062507 (2024)] Open
View article: Rapid computation of the plasma dispersion function: Rational and multi-pole approximation, and improved accuracy
Rapid computation of the plasma dispersion function: Rational and multi-pole approximation, and improved accuracy Open
The plasma dispersion function Z(s) is a fundamental complex special integral function widely used in the field of plasma physics. The simplest and most rapid, yet accurate, approach to calculating it is through rational or equivalent mult…
View article: ENN's roadmap for proton-boron fusion based on spherical torus
ENN's roadmap for proton-boron fusion based on spherical torus Open
ENN Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. (ENN) is committed to generating fusion energy in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective manner, which requires abundant aneutronic fuel. Proton-boron (p-11B or p-B) fusion is consid…
View article: Plasma wave propagation conditions analysis using the warm multi-fluid model
Plasma wave propagation conditions analysis using the warm multi-fluid model Open
Although an accurate description of wave propagation and absorption in plasmas requires complicated full-wave solutions or kinetic simulations, local dispersion analysis can still be helpful to capture the main physics of wave properties. …
View article: Bremsstrahlung Radiation Power in Fusion Plasmas Revisited: Towards Accurate Analytical Fitting
Bremsstrahlung Radiation Power in Fusion Plasmas Revisited: Towards Accurate Analytical Fitting Open
In fusion plasmas, where electron temperatures $T_e$ range from keV to hundreds of keV, Bremsstrahlung radiation constitutes a significant energy loss mechanism. While various thermal average fitting formulas exist in the literature, their…
View article: On the upper bound of non-thermal fusion reactivity with fixed total energy
On the upper bound of non-thermal fusion reactivity with fixed total energy Open
Fusion reactivity represents the integration of fusion cross-sections and the velocity distributions of two reactants. In this study, we investigate the upper bound of fusion reactivity for a non-thermal reactant coexisting with a thermal …
View article: ENN's Roadmap for Proton-Boron Fusion Based on Spherical Torus
ENN's Roadmap for Proton-Boron Fusion Based on Spherical Torus Open
ENN Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. (ENN) is committed to generating fusion energy in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective manner, which requires abundant aneutronic fuel. Proton-boron ( p-$^{11}$B or p-B) fusion is …
View article: Proton–boron fusion in a hydrogen-doped-boron target
Proton–boron fusion in a hydrogen-doped-boron target Open
The proton–boron ${}^{11}{\text{B}}\left( {p,\alpha } \right)2\alpha $ reaction (p- 11 B) is an interesting alternative to the D-T reaction ${\text{D}}\left( {{\text{T}},{\text{n}}} \right)\alpha $ for fusion energy, since the primary reac…
View article: Simulation of ion cyclotron wave heating in the EXL-50U spherical tokamak based on dispersion relations
Simulation of ion cyclotron wave heating in the EXL-50U spherical tokamak based on dispersion relations Open
This study investigates the single-pass absorption (SPA) of ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating in hydrogen plasma of the EXL-50U spherical tokamak, which is an upgraded EXL-50 device with a central solenoid and a stronger magn…
View article: On the Upper Bound of Non-Thermal Fusion Reactivity with Fixed Total Energy
On the Upper Bound of Non-Thermal Fusion Reactivity with Fixed Total Energy Open
Fusion reactivity represents the integration of fusion cross-sections and the velocity distributions of two reactants. In this study, we investigate the upper bound of fusion reactivity for a non-thermal reactant coexisting with a thermal …
View article: Proton-Boron Fusion: A Dark Horse in the Fusion Race Shows Yield Much Beyond Expectation
Proton-Boron Fusion: A Dark Horse in the Fusion Race Shows Yield Much Beyond Expectation Open
A novel intense beam-driven scheme for high yield of the tri-alpha reaction 11B(p,α)2αwas investigated. We used a foam target made of cellulose triacetate (TAC, C9H16O8) doped with boron.It was then heated volumetrically by soft X-ray radi…
View article: Proton-Boron Fusion Yield Increased by Orders of Magnitude with Foam Targets
Proton-Boron Fusion Yield Increased by Orders of Magnitude with Foam Targets Open
A novel intense beam-driven scheme for high yield of the tri-alpha reaction 11B(p,α)2α was investigated. We used a foam target made of cellulose triacetate (TAC, C_9H_{16}O_8) doped with boron. It was then heated volumetrically by soft X-r…