Shobha Swaminathan
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View article: Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification With Dolutegravir and/or Maraviroc Did Not Affect HIV-1 Cell-Associated DNA, RNA, and 2–LTR Circles Over 12 Weeks
Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification With Dolutegravir and/or Maraviroc Did Not Affect HIV-1 Cell-Associated DNA, RNA, and 2–LTR Circles Over 12 Weeks Open
Background Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may result from residual viral replication. The A5324 trial found that ART intensification with dol…
View article: Metabolic deficiencies underlie reduced plasmacytoid dendritic cell IFN-I production following viral infection
Metabolic deficiencies underlie reduced plasmacytoid dendritic cell IFN-I production following viral infection Open
Type I Interferons (IFN-I) are central to host protection against viral infections, with plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) being the most significant source, yet pDCs lose their IFN-I production capacity following an initial burst of IFN-…
View article: P-506. Improving HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among Transgender Individuals
P-506. Improving HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among Transgender Individuals Open
Background Due to numerous structural factors, transgender (TG) individuals are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. Prioritizing PrEP for this population remains a priority. In 2020, only an estimated 3% of TG individu…
View article: P-2074. Evaluation of Adherence and Access to Booster COVID-19 Vaccination in Persons with HIV
P-2074. Evaluation of Adherence and Access to Booster COVID-19 Vaccination in Persons with HIV Open
Background COVID-19 disproportionately effects minority communities. Completion of the primary COVID-19 vaccination series (≥ 2 doses) is recommended for all American adults by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A population w…
View article: P-507. Implementation of Guideline-Based HIV Prevention at an Academic Primary Care Clinic
P-507. Implementation of Guideline-Based HIV Prevention at an Academic Primary Care Clinic Open
Background Primary care providers often lack familiarity with pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV and miss screening for high-risk behavior. From 2017-2019 the Academic Internal Medicine Clinic (AIMC) at University Hospital in Newark, …
View article: HepB-CpG vs HepB-Alum Vaccine in People With HIV and Prior Vaccine Nonresponse
HepB-CpG vs HepB-Alum Vaccine in People With HIV and Prior Vaccine Nonresponse Open
Importance Nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine is common among people with HIV, resulting in vulnerability to infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Objective To compare the seroprotection response achieved with a 2-dose (noninferiority, 1…
View article: Cabotegravir Maintains Protective Efficacy in the Setting of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Secondary Analysis of HPTN 083
Cabotegravir Maintains Protective Efficacy in the Setting of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Secondary Analysis of HPTN 083 Open
Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been shown to facilitate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and acquisition. HPTN 083, a global clinical trial, demonstrated superiority of long-acting cabotegravir (CAB-L…
View article: Vaccine Hesitancy at Nine Community Sites Across the United States, Early in COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout
Vaccine Hesitancy at Nine Community Sites Across the United States, Early in COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout Open
View article: Type 1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Incidence, Adherence, and Drug Resistance in Individuals Taking Daily Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for HIV-1 Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: Pooled Analysis From 72 Global Studies
Type 1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Incidence, Adherence, and Drug Resistance in Individuals Taking Daily Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for HIV-1 Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: Pooled Analysis From 72 Global Studies Open
Background Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) has high efficacy against HIV-1 acquisition. Seventy-two prospective studies of daily oral F/TDF PrEP were conducted to evaluate HIV-1…
View article: Metabolic Deficiencies Underlie Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Exhaustion After Viral Infection
Metabolic Deficiencies Underlie Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Exhaustion After Viral Infection Open
Type I Interferons (IFN-I) are central to host protection against viral infections 1 . While any cell can produce IFN-I, Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells (pDCs) make greater quantities and more varieties of these cytokines than any other cell …
View article: Effects of Pitavastatin on Coronary Artery Disease and Inflammatory Biomarkers in HIV
Effects of Pitavastatin on Coronary Artery Disease and Inflammatory Biomarkers in HIV Open
Importance Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in people with HIV (PWH) and is characterized by premature noncalcified coronary plaque. In the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE), pitavastatin reduced major …
View article: Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Children and Adults in 15 US Communities, 20211
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Children and Adults in 15 US Communities, 20211 Open
During January-August 2021, the Community Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Study used time/location sampling to recruit a cross-sectional, population-based cohort to estimate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and nasal swab sample PCR positivity across 15…
View article: Perspectives of US women participating in a candidate PrEP study: adherence, acceptability and future use intentions
Perspectives of US women participating in a candidate PrEP study: adherence, acceptability and future use intentions Open
Introduction: Limited data exist on acceptability of candidate pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimens among US women. We evaluated PrEP experiences, attitudes and future use intentions among sexually active women who completed the US-bas…
View article: Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Treated with Remdesivir in an Urban Center Pre-COVID-19 Vaccination
Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Treated with Remdesivir in an Urban Center Pre-COVID-19 Vaccination Open
View article: Efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in transgender women: a secondary analysis of the HPTN 083 trial
Efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in transgender women: a secondary analysis of the HPTN 083 trial Open
View article: Hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are common and associated with cardiometabolic risk in a primary prevention cohort of people with HIV
Hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are common and associated with cardiometabolic risk in a primary prevention cohort of people with HIV Open
Background: Hepatic steatosis, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is common among people with HIV (PWH). We present baseline steatosis prevalence and cardiometabolic characteristics among REPRIEVE substudy participants. Me…
View article: Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification for Neurocognitive Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification for Neurocognitive Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Open
Background Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is common and may result from persistent HIV replication in the central nervous system. Methods A5324 was a randomized, double-blind, place…
View article: Macrophage scavenger receptor 1, a suppressor of HIV infection, is down-regulated in transgender females
Macrophage scavenger receptor 1, a suppressor of HIV infection, is down-regulated in transgender females Open
Transgender people are at greater risk than cisgender people of acquiring HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Globally, the risk of acquiring HIV infection is nearly 49 times higher in transgender women than in other populations…
View article: Cost Analysis of the Positive Health Check Intervention to Suppress HIV Viral Load and Retain Patients in HIV Clinical Care
Cost Analysis of the Positive Health Check Intervention to Suppress HIV Viral Load and Retain Patients in HIV Clinical Care Open
Context: Digital video-based behavioral interventions are effective tools for improving HIV care and treatment outcomes. Objective: To assess the costs of the Positive Health Check (PHC) intervention delivered in HIV primary care settings.…
View article: Effectiveness of an Interactive, Highly Tailored “Video Doctor” Intervention to Suppress Viral Load and Retain Patients With HIV in Clinical Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Effectiveness of an Interactive, Highly Tailored “Video Doctor” Intervention to Suppress Viral Load and Retain Patients With HIV in Clinical Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial Open
Background: To determine whether Positive Health Check, a highly tailored video doctor intervention, can improve viral suppression and retention in care. Setting: Four clinics that deliver HIV primary care. Methods: A hybrid type 1 effecti…
View article: HIV Prevention Research Experiences Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Persons of Color
HIV Prevention Research Experiences Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Persons of Color Open
Purpose Black and Latinx MSM and transgender POC disproportionately experience new HIV diagnoses. Determining effective HIV prevention methods requires the inclusion of these communities in research and thorough post-trial experience evalu…
View article: Humoral Immunogenicity of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine in the Phase 3 Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) Trial
Humoral Immunogenicity of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine in the Phase 3 Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) Trial Open
Background Messenger RNA (mRNA)–1273 vaccine demonstrated 93.2% efficacy against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) trial. The humoral immunogenicity results are now reported. Methods Participants receiv…
View article: 138 What are the Risk Factors Affecting PrEP Utilization Among Black Cisgender Women Who Are At Higher Risk Of HIV Acquisition?
138 What are the Risk Factors Affecting PrEP Utilization Among Black Cisgender Women Who Are At Higher Risk Of HIV Acquisition? Open
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The HIV acquisition rate is higher for cisgender black women in the United States. This population has a much lower use of FDA-approved pre-exposure prophylaxis drug (PrEP) for HIV prevention. This systematic literature r…
View article: Comfort With Telehealth Among Residents of an Underserved Urban Area
Comfort With Telehealth Among Residents of an Underserved Urban Area Open
Background: Deployment of telehealth has been touted as a means of reducing health disparities in underserved groups. However, efforts to reduce regulatory barriers have not been associated with greater telehealth uptake. The goal of this …
View article: Determinants and Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Diverse Population: 6-Month Evaluation of a Prospective Cohort Study
Determinants and Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Diverse Population: 6-Month Evaluation of a Prospective Cohort Study Open
Background We studied risk factors, antibodies, and symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a diverse, ambulatory population. Methods A prospective cohort (n = 831) previously undiagnosed with …
View article: Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Men and Transgender Women
Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Men and Transgender Women Open
CAB-LA was superior to daily oral TDF-FTC in preventing HIV infection among MSM and transgender women. Strategies are needed to prevent INSTI resistance in cases of CAB-LA PrEP failure. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infe…
View article: Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease With Computed Tomography Angiography and Inflammatory and Immune Activation Biomarkers Among Adults With HIV Eligible for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention
Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease With Computed Tomography Angiography and Inflammatory and Immune Activation Biomarkers Among Adults With HIV Eligible for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention Open
In this study of a large primary prevention cohort of individuals with well-controlled HIV and low to moderate ASCVD risk, CAD, including noncalcified, nonobstructive, and vulnerable plaque, was highly prevalent. Participants with plaque d…
View article: Impact of dedicated women’s outreach workers (WOWs) on recruitment of women in ACTG clinical studies
Impact of dedicated women’s outreach workers (WOWs) on recruitment of women in ACTG clinical studies Open
Background: Despite efforts by the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) to enroll representative numbers of diverse women, participation in ACTG studies in the United States remains largely white and male. To address this gap in women’s parti…
View article: Immunogenicity of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine in the Phase 3 COVE Trial
Immunogenicity of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine in the Phase 3 COVE Trial Open
View article: Metabolism of Long-Acting Rilpivirine After Intramuscular Injection: HIV Prevention Trials Network Study 076 (HPTN 076)
Metabolism of Long-Acting Rilpivirine After Intramuscular Injection: HIV Prevention Trials Network Study 076 (HPTN 076) Open
A long-acting injectable formulation of rilpivirine (RPV), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is currently under investigation for use in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) maintenance therapy. We previously characterized RP…