Stefan Schmid
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View article: Whose Personae? Synthetic Persona Experiments in LLM Research and Pathways to Transparency
Whose Personae? Synthetic Persona Experiments in LLM Research and Pathways to Transparency Open
Synthetic personae experiments have become a prominent method in Large Language Model alignment research, yet the representativeness and ecological validity of these personae vary considerably between studies. Through a review of 63 peer-r…
View article: Seeing and Knowing in the Wild: Open-domain Visual Entity Recognition with Large-scale Knowledge Graphs via Contrastive Learning
Seeing and Knowing in the Wild: Open-domain Visual Entity Recognition with Large-scale Knowledge Graphs via Contrastive Learning Open
Open-domain visual entity recognition aims to identify and link entities depicted in images to a vast and evolving set of real-world concepts, such as those found in Wikidata. Unlike conventional classification tasks with fixed label sets,…
View article: Optimizing Fronthaul Quantization for Flexible User Load in Cell-Free Massive MIMO
Optimizing Fronthaul Quantization for Flexible User Load in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Open
We investigate the physical layer (PHY) spectral efficiency and fronthaul network load of a scalable user-centric cell-free massive MIMO system. Each user-centric cluster processor responsible for cluster-level signal processing is located…
View article: An Overview of Network-Related Challenges in Cell-Free 6G
An Overview of Network-Related Challenges in Cell-Free 6G Open
View article: Short-circuiting Rings for Low-Latency AllReduce
Short-circuiting Rings for Low-Latency AllReduce Open
Efficient collective communication is critical for many distributed ML and HPC applications. In this context, it is widely believed that the Ring algorithm for the AllReduce collective communication operation is optimal only for large mess…
View article: BSB: Towards Demand-Aware Peer Selection With XOR-based Routing
BSB: Towards Demand-Aware Peer Selection With XOR-based Routing Open
Peer-to-peer networks, as a key enabler of modern networked and distributed systems, rely on peer-selection algorithms to optimize their scalability and performance. Peer-selection methods have been studied extensively in various aspects, …
View article: Communication Bias in Large Language Models: A Regulatory Perspective
Communication Bias in Large Language Models: A Regulatory Perspective Open
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly central to many applications, raising concerns about bias, fairness, and regulatory compliance. This paper reviews risks of biased outputs and their societal impact, focusing on frameworks like…
View article: LASLiN: A Learning-Augmented Peer-to-Peer Network
LASLiN: A Learning-Augmented Peer-to-Peer Network Open
We introduce a learning-augmented peer-to-peer (P2P) network design that leverages the predictions of traffic patterns to optimize the network's topology. While keeping formal guarantees on the standard P2P metrics (routing path length, ma…
View article: Friend or Foe? Identifying Anomalous Peers in Moneros P2P Network
Friend or Foe? Identifying Anomalous Peers in Moneros P2P Network Open
Monero, the leading privacy-focused cryptocurrency, relies on a peer-to-peer (P2P) network to propagate transactions and blocks. Growing evidence suggests that non-standard nodes exist in the network, posing as honest nodes but are perhaps…
View article: Exp-PIFO: Scalable and Efficient Programmable Packet Scheduling
Exp-PIFO: Scalable and Efficient Programmable Packet Scheduling Open
Programmable packet schedulers provide great flexibility in the ordering of packet transmission. They allow network operators to optimize crucial performance metrics, such as Flow Completion Time (FCT), using strategies that adapt to chang…
View article: Boosting Payment Channel Network Liquidity with Topology Optimization and Transaction Selection
Boosting Payment Channel Network Liquidity with Topology Optimization and Transaction Selection Open
Payment channel networks (PCNs) are a promising technology that alleviates blockchain scalability by shifting the transaction load from the blockchain to the PCN. Nevertheless, the network topology has to be carefully designed to maximise …
View article: Crisis Migration and Identity Disruption: An Integrative Perspective
Crisis Migration and Identity Disruption: An Integrative Perspective Open
The present article advances a perspective on crisis migration and its effects on crisis migrants’ identities within their destination cultural contexts. It integrates insights from the literature on crisis migration and acculturation, fra…
View article: Approximate Agreement Algorithms for Byzantine Collaborative Learning
Approximate Agreement Algorithms for Byzantine Collaborative Learning Open
View article: Tight Bounds for Online Balanced Partitioning in the Generalized Learning Model
Tight Bounds for Online Balanced Partitioning in the Generalized Learning Model Open
View article: Coordinate-Wise Median in Byzantine Federated Learning
Coordinate-Wise Median in Byzantine Federated Learning Open
View article: In the Search of Optimal Tree Networks: Hardness and Heuristics
In the Search of Optimal Tree Networks: Hardness and Heuristics Open
Traffic in datacenters may follow some pattern: some pairs of servers communicate more frequently than others. Demand-oblivious networks may perform poorly for such workloads, and demand-aware networks optimized for traffic should be used …
View article: Centroid Approximation for Byzantine-Tolerant Federated Learning
Centroid Approximation for Byzantine-Tolerant Federated Learning Open
Federated learning allows each client to keep its data locally when training machine learning models in a distributed setting. Significant recent research established the requirements that the input must satisfy in order to guarantee conve…
View article: Brief Announcement: Minimizing Energy Solves Relative Majority with a Cubic Number of States in Population Protocols
Brief Announcement: Minimizing Energy Solves Relative Majority with a Cubic Number of States in Population Protocols Open
View article: An Almost Tight Lower Bound for Plurality Consensus with Undecided State Dynamics in the Population Protocol Model
An Almost Tight Lower Bound for Plurality Consensus with Undecided State Dynamics in the Population Protocol Model Open
View article: When is liquid democracy possible?
When is liquid democracy possible? Open
View article: Revolutionizing Datacenter Networks via Reconfigurable Topologies
Revolutionizing Datacenter Networks via Reconfigurable Topologies Open
Recent optical switching technologies are enabling a shift toward dynamically reconfigurable network topologies.
View article: Eagle: Vulnerability and Congestion Aware Software Update Synthesis in Softwarized Networks with a 5G Network Case Study
Eagle: Vulnerability and Congestion Aware Software Update Synthesis in Softwarized Networks with a 5G Network Case Study Open
International audience
View article: Brief Announcement: Minimizing Energy Solves Relative Majority with a Cubic Number of States in Population Protocols
Brief Announcement: Minimizing Energy Solves Relative Majority with a Cubic Number of States in Population Protocols Open
This paper revisits a fundamental distributed computing problem in the population protocol model. Provided $n$ agents each starting with an input color in $[k]$, the relative majority problem asks to find the predominant color. In the popu…
View article: An Almost Tight Lower Bound for Plurality Consensus with Undecided State Dynamics in the Population Protocol Model
An Almost Tight Lower Bound for Plurality Consensus with Undecided State Dynamics in the Population Protocol Model Open
We revisit the majority problem in the population protocol communication model, as first studied by Angluin et al. (Distributed Computing 2008). We consider a more general version of this problem known as plurality consensus, which has alr…
View article: Optimizing virtual payment channel establishment in the face of on-path adversaries
Optimizing virtual payment channel establishment in the face of on-path adversaries Open
View article: Vermilion: A Traffic-Aware Reconfigurable Optical Interconnect with Formal Throughput Guarantees
Vermilion: A Traffic-Aware Reconfigurable Optical Interconnect with Formal Throughput Guarantees Open
The increasing gap between datacenter traffic volume and the capacity of electrical switches has driven the development of reconfigurable network designs utilizing optical circuit switching. Recent advancements, particularly those featurin…
View article: MultiADS: Defect-aware Supervision for Multi-type Anomaly Detection and Segmentation in Zero-Shot Learning
MultiADS: Defect-aware Supervision for Multi-type Anomaly Detection and Segmentation in Zero-Shot Learning Open
Precise optical inspection in industrial applications is crucial for minimizing scrap rates and reducing the associated costs. Besides merely detecting if a product is anomalous or not, it is crucial to know the distinct type of defect, su…
View article: Revolutionizing Datacenter Networks via Reconfigurable Topologies
Revolutionizing Datacenter Networks via Reconfigurable Topologies Open
With the popularity of cloud computing and data-intensive applications such as machine learning, datacenter networks have become a critical infrastructure for our digital society. Given the explosive growth of datacenter traffic and the sl…
View article: The Singular Optimality of Distributed Computation in LOCAL
The Singular Optimality of Distributed Computation in LOCAL Open
It has been shown that one can design distributed algorithms that are (nearly) singularly optimal, meaning they simultaneously achieve optimal time and message complexity (within polylogarithmic factors), for several fundamental global pro…
View article: On Modeling the RIS as a Resource: Multi-User Allocation and Efficiency-Proportional Pricing
On Modeling the RIS as a Resource: Multi-User Allocation and Efficiency-Proportional Pricing Open
Programmable Wireless Environments aim to render the communication environment a controllable, software-defined medium. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISes) are the key enabling technology, which can offer the real-time capability t…