Stephan W. Grill
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View article: An active torque dipole across tissue layers drives avian left-right symmetry breaking
An active torque dipole across tissue layers drives avian left-right symmetry breaking Open
Unlike in mice, frogs, and fish, left-right (L/R) body axis formation in avian embryos does not arise from the chiral beat of cilia. Instead, a counter-clockwise tissue rotation around Hensen’s node, the organizer of amniote development, r…
View article: Repeated extrinsic and anisotropic mechanical inputs promote C. elegans polarized adherens junction elongation
Repeated extrinsic and anisotropic mechanical inputs promote C. elegans polarized adherens junction elongation Open
A key challenge in development is understanding how complex organisms physically coordinate the morphogenesis of multiple tissues. Here, using biophysical approaches, we investigate how muscles under the epidermis specifically stimulate th…
View article: A protein-DNA surface hydrogel mechanically reinforces the cell nucleus and protects the genome
A protein-DNA surface hydrogel mechanically reinforces the cell nucleus and protects the genome Open
The nuclear envelope protects the genome from mechanical stress during processes such as migration, division, and compression 1–6 , but how it buffers forces at the scale of DNA remains unclear. Here, we utilize optical tweezers to show th…
View article: Nonequilibrium Transitions in a Template Copying Ensemble
Nonequilibrium Transitions in a Template Copying Ensemble Open
The fuel-driven process of replication in living systems generates distributions of copied entities with varying degrees of copying accuracy. Here we introduce a thermodynamically consistent ensemble for investigating universal population …
View article: Assembly of tight junction belts by ZO1 surface condensation and local actin polymerization
Assembly of tight junction belts by ZO1 surface condensation and local actin polymerization Open
Tight junctions play an essential role in sealing tissues, by forming belts of adhesion strands around cellular perimeters. Recent work has shown that the condensation of ZO1 scaffold proteins is required for tight junction assembly. Howev…
View article: Actin polymerization counteracts prewetting of N-WASP on supported lipid bilayers
Actin polymerization counteracts prewetting of N-WASP on supported lipid bilayers Open
Cortical condensates, transient punctate-like structures rich in actin and the actin nucleation pathway member Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP), form during activation of the actin cortex in the Caenorhabditis elegans oocyt…
View article: Repeated extrinsic and anisotropic mechanical inputs promote polarized adherens junction elongation
Repeated extrinsic and anisotropic mechanical inputs promote polarized adherens junction elongation Open
A key challenge in development is understanding how complex organisms physically coordinate the morphogenesis of multiple tissues. Here, using biophysical approaches, we investigate how muscles under the epidermis specifically stimulate th…
View article: A cytokinetic ring-driven cell rotation achieves Hertwig’s rule in early development
A cytokinetic ring-driven cell rotation achieves Hertwig’s rule in early development Open
Hertwig’s rule states that cells divide along their longest axis, usually driven by forces acting on the mitotic spindle. Here, we show that in contrast to this rule, microtubule-based pulling forces in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos…
View article: Glycolic acid and D-lactate—putative products of DJ-1—restore neurodegeneration in FUS - and SOD1-ALS
Glycolic acid and D-lactate—putative products of DJ-1—restore neurodegeneration in FUS - and SOD1-ALS Open
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) leads to death within 2–5 yr. Currently, available drugs only slightly prolong survival. We present novel insights into the pathophysiology of Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1)- and in particular Fused In Sa…
View article: Actin polymerization counteracts prewetting of N-WASP on supported lipid bilayers
Actin polymerization counteracts prewetting of N-WASP on supported lipid bilayers Open
Cortical condensates, transient punctate-like structures rich in actin and the actin nucleation pathway member N-WASP, form during activation of the actin cortex in the C. elegans oocyte. Their emergence and spontaneous dissolution is link…
View article: Non Equilibrium Transitions in a Polymer Replication Ensemble
Non Equilibrium Transitions in a Polymer Replication Ensemble Open
The fuel-driven process of replication in living systems generates distributions of copied entities with varying degrees of copying accuracy. Here we introduce a thermodynamically consistent ensemble for investigating universal population …
View article: Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos
Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos Open
Embryos develop in a surrounding that guides key aspects of their development. For example, the anteroposterior (AP) body axis is always aligned with the geometric long axis of the surrounding eggshell in fruit flies and worms. The mechani…
View article: Assembly of tight junction belts by surface condensation and actin elongation
Assembly of tight junction belts by surface condensation and actin elongation Open
Tight junctions play an essential role in sealing tissues, by forming belts of adhesion strands around cellular perimeters. The formation of a tight junction occurs into two steps, initiation at cell-cell contacts, and elongation around th…
View article: [Dataset and Code] Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos
[Dataset and Code] Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos Open
Embryos develop in a surrounding that guides key aspects of their development. For example, the anteroposterior (AP) body axis is always aligned with the geometric long axis of the surrounding eggshell in fruit flies and worms. The mechani…
View article: [Dataset and Code] Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos
[Dataset and Code] Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos Open
Embryos develop in a surrounding that guides key aspects of their development. For example, the anteroposterior (AP) body axis is always aligned with the geometric long axis of the surrounding eggshell in fruit flies and worms. The mechani…
View article: A cytokinetic ring-driven cell rotation achieves Hertwig’s rule in early development
A cytokinetic ring-driven cell rotation achieves Hertwig’s rule in early development Open
Cells tend to divide along the direction in which they are longest, as famously stated by Oscar Hertwig in 1884 in his ‘long axis’ rule 1,2 . The orientation of the mitotic spindle determines the cell division axis 3 , and Hertwig’s long a…
View article: Assembly of tight junction belts by surface condensation and actin elongation
Assembly of tight junction belts by surface condensation and actin elongation Open
Formation of biomolecular condensates via phase separation enables compartmentation of many cellular processes. However, how cells can control condensation at specific locations to create complex cellular structures remains poorly understo…
View article: Two-component molecular motor driven by a GTPase cycle
Two-component molecular motor driven by a GTPase cycle Open
ATPases are a group of enzymes that can cyclically convert the free energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. GTPases are another class of enzymes that are predominantly associated with signal transduction processes, but their role in…
View article: Axis convergence in<i>C. elegans</i>embryos
Axis convergence in<i>C. elegans</i>embryos Open
Embryos develop in a surrounding that guides key aspects of their development. For example, the anteroposterior (AP) body axis is always aligned with the geometric long axis of the surrounding eggshell in fruit flies and worms. The mechani…
View article: GTPase-dependent cyclic flexibility transitions drive the two-component EEA1-Rab5 molecular motor
GTPase-dependent cyclic flexibility transitions drive the two-component EEA1-Rab5 molecular motor Open
The recognition of vesicles by their correct target compartment depends on the pairing of small GTPases with effector proteins (1–3). Whereas ATPases can cyclically convert the free energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work, the functi…
View article: Orchestrating nonmuscle myosin II filament assembly at the onset of cytokinesis
Orchestrating nonmuscle myosin II filament assembly at the onset of cytokinesis Open
We investigate the dynamics of myosin during the assembly of the cytokinetic ring in the first during the first cell division in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. We show regulated assembly and disassembly of myosin filaments and conclude th…
View article: Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA
Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA Open
Significance Biomolecular condensates are intracellular organelles that are not bounded by membranes and often show liquid-like, dynamic material properties. They typically contain various types of proteins and nucleic acids. How the inter…
View article: Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA. Source Data
Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA. Source Data Open
Source data for: Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA, PNAS, 2022
View article: Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA. Source Data
Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA. Source Data Open
Source data for: Co-condensation of proteins with single- and double-stranded DNA, PNAS, 2022