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View article: Proteomics confirms immune stabilizing effects of narrowband UVB treatment in patients with clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis
Proteomics confirms immune stabilizing effects of narrowband UVB treatment in patients with clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis Open
Multiple sclerosis (MS) demonstrates a latitude gradient in prevalence and severity, implicating ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure and photoimmune mechanisms in disease risk and progression. While narrowband (NB)-UVB phototherapy has long stabi…
View article: Assessing neutrophil subsets in autoimmune disease: Moving away from relying on density?
Assessing neutrophil subsets in autoimmune disease: Moving away from relying on density? Open
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cell in circulation. However, due to a number of technical challenges for researchers, including the neutrophil's short lifespan and difficulties with preservation, they are often discarded during b…
View article: Genome Sequence of a Lytic Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage Isolated from Breast Milk
Genome Sequence of a Lytic Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage Isolated from Breast Milk Open
We identified a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophage appearing to belong to Herelleviridae , genus Kayvirus . The bacteriophage, Biyabeda-mokiny 1, was isolated from breast milk using a clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus . The …
View article: Circulating Memory B Cells in Early Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Increased IgA+ Cells, Globally Decreased BAFF-R Expression and an EBV-Related IgM+ Cell Signature
Circulating Memory B Cells in Early Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Increased IgA+ Cells, Globally Decreased BAFF-R Expression and an EBV-Related IgM+ Cell Signature Open
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that results in demyelination of axons, inefficient signal transmission and reduced muscular mobility. Recent findings suggest that B cells pl…
View article: Sex-Specific Environmental Impacts on Initiation and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis
Sex-Specific Environmental Impacts on Initiation and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis Open
The immunological mechanisms that contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) differ between males and females. Females are 2–3 times more likely to develop MS compared to males, however the reason for this discrepancy is unknown. Once MS is est…
View article: Changes in serum neurofilament light chain levels following narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in clinically isolated syndrome
Changes in serum neurofilament light chain levels following narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in clinically isolated syndrome Open
Objective To determine whether serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels are suppressed in patients with the clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) following narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy (UVB‐PT). Methods sNfL levels were measured…
View article: <scp>Epstein–Barr</scp> virus infection, B‐cell dysfunction and other risk factors converge in gut‐associated lymphoid tissue to drive the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a hypothesis
<span>Epstein–Barr</span> virus infection, B‐cell dysfunction and other risk factors converge in gut‐associated lymphoid tissue to drive the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a hypothesis Open
Multiple sclerosis is associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, B‐cell dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, and environmental and genetic risk factors, including female sex. A disease model incorporating all these factors remains elusive.…
View article: Associations of serum short-chain fatty acids with circulating immune cells and serum biomarkers in patients with multiple sclerosis
Associations of serum short-chain fatty acids with circulating immune cells and serum biomarkers in patients with multiple sclerosis Open
View article: FcγRIIb Expression Is Decreased on Naive and Marginal Zone-Like B Cells From Females With Multiple Sclerosis
FcγRIIb Expression Is Decreased on Naive and Marginal Zone-Like B Cells From Females With Multiple Sclerosis Open
B cells are critical to the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), but the mechanisms by which they contribute to the disease are poorly defined. We hypothesised that the expression of CD32b (FcγRIIb), a receptor for the Fc region of IgG …
View article: IgG<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup> B cells are associated with the development of multiple sclerosis
IgG<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup> B cells are associated with the development of multiple sclerosis Open
Objectives Disease‐modifying therapies (DMTs) targeting B cells are amongst the most effective for preventing multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. IgG 3 antibodies and their uncharacterised B‐cell clones are predicted to play a pathogenic …
View article: Narrowband UVB phototherapy reduces TNF production by B‐cell subsets stimulated via TLR7 from individuals with early multiple sclerosis
Narrowband UVB phototherapy reduces TNF production by B‐cell subsets stimulated via TLR7 from individuals with early multiple sclerosis Open
Objectives At the end of a 60‐day course of narrowband UVB phototherapy, administered to individuals with early multiple sclerosis, there were changes in the relative proportions of circulating B‐cell subsets. This study investigated photo…
View article: Short-term changes in frequencies of circulating leukocytes associated with narrowband UVB phototherapy in people with clinically isolated syndrome
Short-term changes in frequencies of circulating leukocytes associated with narrowband UVB phototherapy in people with clinically isolated syndrome Open
Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is the earliest clinical episode in multiple sclerosis (MS). Low environmental exposure to UV radiation is implicated in risk of developing MS, and therefore, narrowband UVB phototherapy might delay progr…
View article: Use of a Primary Epithelial Cell Screening Tool to Investigate Phage Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis
Use of a Primary Epithelial Cell Screening Tool to Investigate Phage Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis Open
Antimicrobial-resistant microbes are an increasing threat to human health. In cystic fibrosis (CF), airway infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa remain a key driver of lung damage. With few new antibiotics on the development horizon, alte…
View article: Higher Serum Immunoglobulin G3 Levels May Predict the Development of Multiple Sclerosis in Individuals With Clinically Isolated Syndrome
Higher Serum Immunoglobulin G3 Levels May Predict the Development of Multiple Sclerosis in Individuals With Clinically Isolated Syndrome Open
Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is a first episode of neurological symptoms that may precede a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, studying individuals with CIS may lead to breakthroughs in understanding the development and…
View article: A randomised, controlled clinical trial of narrowband UVB phototherapy for clinically isolated syndrome: The PhoCIS study
A randomised, controlled clinical trial of narrowband UVB phototherapy for clinically isolated syndrome: The PhoCIS study Open
Background The natural history of multiple sclerosis (MS) typically presents with the clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), an episode of neurological symptoms caused by central nervous system inflammation or demyelination that does not fulf…
View article: Tryptophan and arginine catabolic enzymes and regulatory cytokines in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis
Tryptophan and arginine catabolic enzymes and regulatory cytokines in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis Open
Objectives Clinically isolated syndrome ( CIS ) is the earliest clinical episode in multiple sclerosis ( MS ). A study of circulating cells from patients with CIS may help us understand the transition to, and processes associated with, the…
View article: Current options in aerosolised drug therapy for children receiving respiratory support
Current options in aerosolised drug therapy for children receiving respiratory support Open
Summary Inhalation of aerosolised medications are the mainstay of treatment for a number of chronic lung diseases and have several advantages over systemically‐administered medications. These include more rapid onset of action for drugs su…
View article: The potential of phage therapy in cystic fibrosis: Essential human-bacterial-phage interactions and delivery considerations for use in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected airways
The potential of phage therapy in cystic fibrosis: Essential human-bacterial-phage interactions and delivery considerations for use in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected airways Open
View article: Evolving Identification of Blood Cells Associated with Clinically Isolated Syndrome: Importance of Time since Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic MRI
Evolving Identification of Blood Cells Associated with Clinically Isolated Syndrome: Importance of Time since Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic MRI Open
It is not clear how the profile of immune cells in peripheral blood differs between patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and healthy controls (HC). This study aimed to identify a CIS peripheral blood signature that may provide …
View article: Altered regulatory T‐cell fractions and Helios expression in clinically isolated syndrome: clues to the development of multiple sclerosis
Altered regulatory T‐cell fractions and Helios expression in clinically isolated syndrome: clues to the development of multiple sclerosis Open
Development of multiple sclerosis (MS) is frequently preceded by an acute or subacute neurological disturbance referred to as clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). The specific immunological disturbances present in CIS remain underexamined. …
View article: Probiotics and antimicrobial protein and peptide levels in preterm infants
Probiotics and antimicrobial protein and peptide levels in preterm infants Open
Aim To characterise the secreted and inducible antimicrobial protein and peptide ( APP ) levels in a prospective cohort of preterm infants (<30 weeks gestational age) with or without Bifidobacterium breve M16V supplementation during the fi…
View article: Levels of innate immune factors in preterm and term mothers’ breast milk during the 1st month postpartum
Levels of innate immune factors in preterm and term mothers’ breast milk during the 1st month postpartum Open
There is a paucity of data on the effect of preterm birth on the immunological composition of breast milk throughout the different stages of lactation. We aimed to characterise the effects of preterm birth on the levels of immune factors i…
View article: Leukocyte Populations in Human Preterm and Term Breast Milk Identified by Multicolour Flow Cytometry
Leukocyte Populations in Human Preterm and Term Breast Milk Identified by Multicolour Flow Cytometry Open
Flow cytometry is a useful tool to identify and quantify leukocyte subsets in breast milk. The stage of lactation is associated with major changes in milk leukocyte composition in this population. Fresh preterm breast milk is not deficient…
View article: Antimicrobial Protein and Peptide Concentrations and Activity in Human Breast Milk Consumed by Preterm Infants at Risk of Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis
Antimicrobial Protein and Peptide Concentrations and Activity in Human Breast Milk Consumed by Preterm Infants at Risk of Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis Open
The concentrations of lactoferrin and defensins in preterm breast milk have antimicrobial activity against common neonatal pathogens.